Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic
Abstract Biogenic gases are a prominent component of the summertime marine boundary layer (MBL) over the Eastern North Atlantic. One of these gases, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), can produce sulfate cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) that, in theory, can brighten clouds through photolysis, and produces a rea...
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2022
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:031c4d4827c64f419e4014a132848b9c 2023-05-15T17:30:07+02:00 Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic Mark A. Miller Zackary Mages Qiuxuan Zheng Lynne Trabachino Lynn M. Russell John E. Shilling Maria A. Zawadowicz 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001929 https://doaj.org/article/031c4d4827c64f419e4014a132848b9c EN eng American Geophysical Union (AGU) https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001929 https://doaj.org/toc/2333-5084 2333-5084 doi:10.1029/2021EA001929 https://doaj.org/article/031c4d4827c64f419e4014a132848b9c Earth and Space Science, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp n/a-n/a (2022) marine boundary layer biogenic gases cloud microphysics dimethyl sulfide methane sulfonic acid ACE‐ENA Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001929 2022-12-31T12:01:09Z Abstract Biogenic gases are a prominent component of the summertime marine boundary layer (MBL) over the Eastern North Atlantic. One of these gases, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), can produce sulfate cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) that, in theory, can brighten clouds through photolysis, and produces a reaction product, methane sulfonic acid (MSA). It is also possible that DMS can interact with sea‐salt or other marine aerosols changing their CCN activation spectrum, which could also modify cloud microphysical structure. Data collected aboard the G1 aircraft during the Aerosol Cloud Experiment Eastern North Atlantic (ACE‐ENA) in well‐mixed and decoupled marine boundary layers (MBLs) were used to examine relationships between the cloud droplet effective radii, re ${r}_{e}$, and the concentrations of DMS and MSA in constant cloud liquid water content (LWC) bins. A weak but statistically significant negative correlation was observed between CCN concentration and re ${r}_{e}$ in most LWC bins, regardless of the source of the CCN, while a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between re ${r}_{e}$ and DMS was observed. No correlation between the cloud droplet number concentration and DMS was found. The presence of MSA indicated that DMS‐to‐sulfate photolysis was likely occurring, but data sparsity prevented a statistically significant conclusion regarding the relationship between MSA and re ${r}_{e}$. Data sparsity in decoupled conditions also prevented statistically significant conclusions. To properly address biogenic gas impacts on cloud microphysics, it is recommended that aircraft data be supplemented by long‐term biogenic gas measurements at the surface in marine locations with appropriate remote and in‐situ cloud sensing capabilities, and the analysis limited to well‐mixed MBL's. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Earth and Space Science 9 2 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
marine boundary layer biogenic gases cloud microphysics dimethyl sulfide methane sulfonic acid ACE‐ENA Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5 |
spellingShingle |
marine boundary layer biogenic gases cloud microphysics dimethyl sulfide methane sulfonic acid ACE‐ENA Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5 Mark A. Miller Zackary Mages Qiuxuan Zheng Lynne Trabachino Lynn M. Russell John E. Shilling Maria A. Zawadowicz Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic |
topic_facet |
marine boundary layer biogenic gases cloud microphysics dimethyl sulfide methane sulfonic acid ACE‐ENA Astronomy QB1-991 Geology QE1-996.5 |
description |
Abstract Biogenic gases are a prominent component of the summertime marine boundary layer (MBL) over the Eastern North Atlantic. One of these gases, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), can produce sulfate cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) that, in theory, can brighten clouds through photolysis, and produces a reaction product, methane sulfonic acid (MSA). It is also possible that DMS can interact with sea‐salt or other marine aerosols changing their CCN activation spectrum, which could also modify cloud microphysical structure. Data collected aboard the G1 aircraft during the Aerosol Cloud Experiment Eastern North Atlantic (ACE‐ENA) in well‐mixed and decoupled marine boundary layers (MBLs) were used to examine relationships between the cloud droplet effective radii, re ${r}_{e}$, and the concentrations of DMS and MSA in constant cloud liquid water content (LWC) bins. A weak but statistically significant negative correlation was observed between CCN concentration and re ${r}_{e}$ in most LWC bins, regardless of the source of the CCN, while a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between re ${r}_{e}$ and DMS was observed. No correlation between the cloud droplet number concentration and DMS was found. The presence of MSA indicated that DMS‐to‐sulfate photolysis was likely occurring, but data sparsity prevented a statistically significant conclusion regarding the relationship between MSA and re ${r}_{e}$. Data sparsity in decoupled conditions also prevented statistically significant conclusions. To properly address biogenic gas impacts on cloud microphysics, it is recommended that aircraft data be supplemented by long‐term biogenic gas measurements at the surface in marine locations with appropriate remote and in‐situ cloud sensing capabilities, and the analysis limited to well‐mixed MBL's. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mark A. Miller Zackary Mages Qiuxuan Zheng Lynne Trabachino Lynn M. Russell John E. Shilling Maria A. Zawadowicz |
author_facet |
Mark A. Miller Zackary Mages Qiuxuan Zheng Lynne Trabachino Lynn M. Russell John E. Shilling Maria A. Zawadowicz |
author_sort |
Mark A. Miller |
title |
Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic |
title_short |
Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic |
title_full |
Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observed Relationships Between Cloud Droplet Effective Radius and Biogenic Gas Concentrations in Summertime Marine Stratocumulus Over the Eastern North Atlantic |
title_sort |
observed relationships between cloud droplet effective radius and biogenic gas concentrations in summertime marine stratocumulus over the eastern north atlantic |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001929 https://doaj.org/article/031c4d4827c64f419e4014a132848b9c |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_source |
Earth and Space Science, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp n/a-n/a (2022) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001929 https://doaj.org/toc/2333-5084 2333-5084 doi:10.1029/2021EA001929 https://doaj.org/article/031c4d4827c64f419e4014a132848b9c |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001929 |
container_title |
Earth and Space Science |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
2 |
_version_ |
1766125927346995200 |