Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target?
In 1994, combined active and passive screening reported 1469 cases from the historic Gambian Human African Trypanosomiasis (gHAT) foci of West Nile, Uganda. Since 2011 systematic active screening has stopped and there has been reliance on passive screening. During 2014, passive screening alone detec...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:029878edab144618bfc1aec6e28004af 2023-05-15T15:10:33+02:00 Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target? Richard Selby Charles Wamboga Olema Erphas Albert Mugenyi Vincent Jamonneau Charles Waiswa Steve J Torr Michael Lehane 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 https://doaj.org/article/029878edab144618bfc1aec6e28004af EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 https://doaj.org/article/029878edab144618bfc1aec6e28004af PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 8, p e0007550 (2019) Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 article 2019 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 2022-12-31T11:56:32Z In 1994, combined active and passive screening reported 1469 cases from the historic Gambian Human African Trypanosomiasis (gHAT) foci of West Nile, Uganda. Since 2011 systematic active screening has stopped and there has been reliance on passive screening. During 2014, passive screening alone detected just nine cases. In the same year a tsetse control intervention was expanded to cover the main gHAT foci in West Nile to curtail transmission of gHAT contributing to the elimination of gHAT as a public health problem in the area. It is known that sole reliance on passive screening is slow to detect cases and can underestimate the actual true number. We therefore undertook an active screening programme designed to test the efficacy of these interventions against gHAT transmission and clarify disease status. Screening was conducted in 28 randomly selected villages throughout the study area, aiming to sample all residents. Whole blood from 10,963 participants was analysed using CATT and 97 CATT suspects (0.9%) were evaluated with microscopy and trypanolysis. No confirmed cases were found providing evidence that the gHAT prevention programmes in West Nile have been effective. Results confirm gHAT prevalence in the study area of West Nile is below the elimination threshold (1 new case / 10,000 population), making elimination on course across this study area if status is maintained. The findings of this study can be used to guide future HAT and tsetse management in other gHAT foci, where reduced caseloads necessitate a shift from active to passive screening. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Arctic PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 8 e0007550 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
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Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Richard Selby Charles Wamboga Olema Erphas Albert Mugenyi Vincent Jamonneau Charles Waiswa Steve J Torr Michael Lehane Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target? |
topic_facet |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
description |
In 1994, combined active and passive screening reported 1469 cases from the historic Gambian Human African Trypanosomiasis (gHAT) foci of West Nile, Uganda. Since 2011 systematic active screening has stopped and there has been reliance on passive screening. During 2014, passive screening alone detected just nine cases. In the same year a tsetse control intervention was expanded to cover the main gHAT foci in West Nile to curtail transmission of gHAT contributing to the elimination of gHAT as a public health problem in the area. It is known that sole reliance on passive screening is slow to detect cases and can underestimate the actual true number. We therefore undertook an active screening programme designed to test the efficacy of these interventions against gHAT transmission and clarify disease status. Screening was conducted in 28 randomly selected villages throughout the study area, aiming to sample all residents. Whole blood from 10,963 participants was analysed using CATT and 97 CATT suspects (0.9%) were evaluated with microscopy and trypanolysis. No confirmed cases were found providing evidence that the gHAT prevention programmes in West Nile have been effective. Results confirm gHAT prevalence in the study area of West Nile is below the elimination threshold (1 new case / 10,000 population), making elimination on course across this study area if status is maintained. The findings of this study can be used to guide future HAT and tsetse management in other gHAT foci, where reduced caseloads necessitate a shift from active to passive screening. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Richard Selby Charles Wamboga Olema Erphas Albert Mugenyi Vincent Jamonneau Charles Waiswa Steve J Torr Michael Lehane |
author_facet |
Richard Selby Charles Wamboga Olema Erphas Albert Mugenyi Vincent Jamonneau Charles Waiswa Steve J Torr Michael Lehane |
author_sort |
Richard Selby |
title |
Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target? |
title_short |
Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target? |
title_full |
Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target? |
title_fullStr |
Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gambian human African trypanosomiasis in North West Uganda. Are we on course for the 2020 target? |
title_sort |
gambian human african trypanosomiasis in north west uganda. are we on course for the 2020 target? |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 https://doaj.org/article/029878edab144618bfc1aec6e28004af |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 13, Iss 8, p e0007550 (2019) |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727 https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 https://doaj.org/article/029878edab144618bfc1aec6e28004af |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007550 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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13 |
container_issue |
8 |
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e0007550 |
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