Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation.
The brain of diving mammals tolerates low oxygen conditions better than the brain of most terrestrial mammals. Previously, it has been demonstrated that the neurons in brain slices of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) withstand hypoxia longer than those of mouse, and also tolerate reduced glucos...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:013957e5a31a4ab29334f1f405854650 2023-05-15T15:59:53+02:00 Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. Mariana Leivas Müller Hoff Andrej Fabrizius Nicole U Czech-Damal Lars P Folkow Thorsten Burmester 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169366 https://doaj.org/article/013957e5a31a4ab29334f1f405854650 EN eng Public Library of Science (PLoS) http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5207758?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169366 https://doaj.org/article/013957e5a31a4ab29334f1f405854650 PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 1, p e0169366 (2017) Medicine R Science Q article 2017 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169366 2022-12-31T07:08:08Z The brain of diving mammals tolerates low oxygen conditions better than the brain of most terrestrial mammals. Previously, it has been demonstrated that the neurons in brain slices of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) withstand hypoxia longer than those of mouse, and also tolerate reduced glucose supply and high lactate concentrations. This tolerance appears to be accompanied by a shift in the oxidative energy metabolism to the astrocytes in the seal while in terrestrial mammals the aerobic energy production mainly takes place in neurons. Here, we used RNA-Seq to compare the effect of hypoxia and reoxygenation in vitro on brain slices from the visual cortex of hooded seals. We saw no general reduction of gene expression, suggesting that the response to hypoxia and reoxygenation is an actively regulated process. The treatments caused the preferential upregulation of genes related to inflammation, as found before e.g. in stroke studies using mammalian models. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses showed a downregulation of genes involved in ion transport and other neuronal processes, indicative for a neuronal shutdown in response to a shortage of O2 supply. These differences may be interpreted in terms of an energy saving strategy in the seal's brain. We specifically analyzed the regulation of genes involved in energy metabolism. Hypoxia and reoxygenation caused a similar response, with upregulation of genes involved in glucose metabolism and downregulation of the components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. We also observed upregulation of the monocarboxylate transporter Mct4, suggesting increased lactate efflux. Together, these data indicate that the seal brain responds to the hypoxic challenge by a relative increase in the anaerobic energy metabolism. Article in Journal/Newspaper Cystophora cristata hooded seal Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles PLOS ONE 12 1 e0169366 |
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Medicine R Science Q Mariana Leivas Müller Hoff Andrej Fabrizius Nicole U Czech-Damal Lars P Folkow Thorsten Burmester Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. |
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Medicine R Science Q |
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The brain of diving mammals tolerates low oxygen conditions better than the brain of most terrestrial mammals. Previously, it has been demonstrated that the neurons in brain slices of the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) withstand hypoxia longer than those of mouse, and also tolerate reduced glucose supply and high lactate concentrations. This tolerance appears to be accompanied by a shift in the oxidative energy metabolism to the astrocytes in the seal while in terrestrial mammals the aerobic energy production mainly takes place in neurons. Here, we used RNA-Seq to compare the effect of hypoxia and reoxygenation in vitro on brain slices from the visual cortex of hooded seals. We saw no general reduction of gene expression, suggesting that the response to hypoxia and reoxygenation is an actively regulated process. The treatments caused the preferential upregulation of genes related to inflammation, as found before e.g. in stroke studies using mammalian models. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses showed a downregulation of genes involved in ion transport and other neuronal processes, indicative for a neuronal shutdown in response to a shortage of O2 supply. These differences may be interpreted in terms of an energy saving strategy in the seal's brain. We specifically analyzed the regulation of genes involved in energy metabolism. Hypoxia and reoxygenation caused a similar response, with upregulation of genes involved in glucose metabolism and downregulation of the components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. We also observed upregulation of the monocarboxylate transporter Mct4, suggesting increased lactate efflux. Together, these data indicate that the seal brain responds to the hypoxic challenge by a relative increase in the anaerobic energy metabolism. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mariana Leivas Müller Hoff Andrej Fabrizius Nicole U Czech-Damal Lars P Folkow Thorsten Burmester |
author_facet |
Mariana Leivas Müller Hoff Andrej Fabrizius Nicole U Czech-Damal Lars P Folkow Thorsten Burmester |
author_sort |
Mariana Leivas Müller Hoff |
title |
Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. |
title_short |
Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. |
title_full |
Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. |
title_fullStr |
Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Key Metabolic Changes in the Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Brain in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation. |
title_sort |
transcriptome analysis identifies key metabolic changes in the hooded seal (cystophora cristata) brain in response to hypoxia and reoxygenation. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169366 https://doaj.org/article/013957e5a31a4ab29334f1f405854650 |
genre |
Cystophora cristata hooded seal |
genre_facet |
Cystophora cristata hooded seal |
op_source |
PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 1, p e0169366 (2017) |
op_relation |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5207758?pdf=render https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203 1932-6203 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169366 https://doaj.org/article/013957e5a31a4ab29334f1f405854650 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169366 |
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PLOS ONE |
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12 |
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1 |
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e0169366 |
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1766395774142251008 |