Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption
The Mt Samalas eruption, thought to have occurred in summer 1257, ranks as one of the most explosive sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era. Despite recent convergence, several dates have been proposed for the eruption ranging between 1256-1258, with, as of yet, no single combination of evidence th...
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ftdlr:oai:elib.dlr.de:203850 2024-05-19T07:42:14+00:00 Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption Wainman, Laura Marshall, Lauren R. Schmidt, Anja 2024-04-16 application/pdf https://elib.dlr.de/203850/ https://elib.dlr.de/203850/1/cp-20-951-2024.pdf https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/20/951/2024/ en eng Copernicus Publications https://elib.dlr.de/203850/1/cp-20-951-2024.pdf Wainman, Laura und Marshall, Lauren R. und Schmidt, Anja (2024) Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption. Climate of the Past, 20 (4), Seiten 951-968. Copernicus Publications. doi:10.5194/cp-20-951-2024 <https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-951-2024>. ISSN 1814-9324. cc_by Erdsystem-Modellierung Zeitschriftenbeitrag PeerReviewed 2024 ftdlr https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-951-2024 2024-04-25T01:11:46Z The Mt Samalas eruption, thought to have occurred in summer 1257, ranks as one of the most explosive sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era. Despite recent convergence, several dates have been proposed for the eruption ranging between 1256-1258, with, as of yet, no single combination of evidence that has been able to robustly distinguish between and exclude the other dates proposed for the Mt Samalas eruption. Widespread surface cooling and hydroclimate perturbations following the eruption have been invoked as contributing to a host of 13th century social and economic crises, although regional-scale variability in the post-eruption climate response remains uncertain. In this study we run ensemble simulations using the UK Earth System Model (UKESM1) with a range of eruption scenarios and initial conditions in order to compare our simulations with the most complete globally resolved multi-proxy database for the Mt Samalas eruption to date, incorporating tree rings, ice cores, and historical records. This allows more precise constraints to be placed on the year and season of the Mt Samalas eruption, as well as an investigation into the regionally heterogeneous post-eruption climate response. Using a multi-proxy to model comparison, we are able to robustly distinguish between July 1257 and January 1258 eruption scenarios, where the July 1257 ensemble simulation achieves considerably better agreement with spatially averaged and regionally resolved proxy surface temperature reconstructions. These reconstructions suggest the onset of significant cooling across Asia and Europe in 1258 and thus support the plausibility of previously inferred historical connections. Model-simulated temperature anomalies also point to severe surface cooling across the Southern Hemisphere with as of yet unexplored historical implications for impacted civilisations. Model simulations of polar sulfate deposition also reveal distinct differences in the timing of ice sheet deposition between the two simulated eruption dates, although ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Sheet German Aerospace Center: elib - DLR electronic library Climate of the Past 20 4 951 968 |
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Erdsystem-Modellierung Wainman, Laura Marshall, Lauren R. Schmidt, Anja Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption |
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Erdsystem-Modellierung |
description |
The Mt Samalas eruption, thought to have occurred in summer 1257, ranks as one of the most explosive sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era. Despite recent convergence, several dates have been proposed for the eruption ranging between 1256-1258, with, as of yet, no single combination of evidence that has been able to robustly distinguish between and exclude the other dates proposed for the Mt Samalas eruption. Widespread surface cooling and hydroclimate perturbations following the eruption have been invoked as contributing to a host of 13th century social and economic crises, although regional-scale variability in the post-eruption climate response remains uncertain. In this study we run ensemble simulations using the UK Earth System Model (UKESM1) with a range of eruption scenarios and initial conditions in order to compare our simulations with the most complete globally resolved multi-proxy database for the Mt Samalas eruption to date, incorporating tree rings, ice cores, and historical records. This allows more precise constraints to be placed on the year and season of the Mt Samalas eruption, as well as an investigation into the regionally heterogeneous post-eruption climate response. Using a multi-proxy to model comparison, we are able to robustly distinguish between July 1257 and January 1258 eruption scenarios, where the July 1257 ensemble simulation achieves considerably better agreement with spatially averaged and regionally resolved proxy surface temperature reconstructions. These reconstructions suggest the onset of significant cooling across Asia and Europe in 1258 and thus support the plausibility of previously inferred historical connections. Model-simulated temperature anomalies also point to severe surface cooling across the Southern Hemisphere with as of yet unexplored historical implications for impacted civilisations. Model simulations of polar sulfate deposition also reveal distinct differences in the timing of ice sheet deposition between the two simulated eruption dates, although ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wainman, Laura Marshall, Lauren R. Schmidt, Anja |
author_facet |
Wainman, Laura Marshall, Lauren R. Schmidt, Anja |
author_sort |
Wainman, Laura |
title |
Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption |
title_short |
Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption |
title_full |
Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption |
title_fullStr |
Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption |
title_full_unstemmed |
Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption |
title_sort |
utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the mt samalas 1257 eruption |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://elib.dlr.de/203850/ https://elib.dlr.de/203850/1/cp-20-951-2024.pdf https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/20/951/2024/ |
genre |
Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
https://elib.dlr.de/203850/1/cp-20-951-2024.pdf Wainman, Laura und Marshall, Lauren R. und Schmidt, Anja (2024) Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption. Climate of the Past, 20 (4), Seiten 951-968. Copernicus Publications. doi:10.5194/cp-20-951-2024 <https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-951-2024>. ISSN 1814-9324. |
op_rights |
cc_by |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-951-2024 |
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Climate of the Past |
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20 |
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4 |
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951 |
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