Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir
BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira for which rats are considered as the main reservoir. Disease incidence is higher in tropical countries, especially in insular ecosystems. Our objectives were to determine the current burden of leptospirosis in Seychell...
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ftdeakinunifig:oai:figshare.com:article/20805016 2023-05-15T18:05:43+02:00 Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir L Biscornet K Dellagi F Pagès J Bibi J de Comarmond J Mélade G Govinden M Tirant Y Gomard Vanina Guernier E Lagadec J Mélanie G Rocamora G Le Minter J Jaubert P Mavingui P Tortosa 2017-08-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30108624 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Human_leptospirosis_in_Seychelles_a_prospective_study_confirms_the_heavy_burden_of_the_disease_but_suggests_that_rats_are_not_the_main_reservoir/20805016 unknown http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30108624 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Human_leptospirosis_in_Seychelles_a_prospective_study_confirms_the_heavy_burden_of_the_disease_but_suggests_that_rats_are_not_the_main_reservoir/20805016 All Rights Reserved Uncategorized Adolescent Adult Animals Cost of Illness Disease Reservoirs Disease Transmission Infectious Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female Humans Incidence Leptospira interrogans Leptospirosis Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Rats Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Seychelles Young Adult Zoonoses Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Infectious Diseases Parasitology Tropical Medicine INDIAN-OCEAN PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA SPP BIODIVERSITY INTERROGANS EMERGENCE INFECTION GROWTH ISLAND UNION Text Journal contribution 2017 ftdeakinunifig 2022-11-17T20:08:31Z BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira for which rats are considered as the main reservoir. Disease incidence is higher in tropical countries, especially in insular ecosystems. Our objectives were to determine the current burden of leptospirosis in Seychelles, a country ranking first worldwide according to historical data, to establish epidemiological links between animal reservoirs and human disease, and to identify drivers of transmission. METHODS: A total of 223 patients with acute febrile symptoms of unknown origin were enrolled in a 12-months prospective study and tested for leptospirosis through real-time PCR, IgM ELISA and MAT. In addition, 739 rats trapped throughout the main island were investigated for Leptospira renal carriage. All molecularly confirmed positive samples were further genotyped. RESULTS: A total of 51 patients fulfilled the biological criteria of acute leptospirosis, corresponding to an annual incidence of 54.6 (95% CI 40.7-71.8) per 100,000 inhabitants. Leptospira carriage in Rattus spp. was overall low (7.7%) but dramatically higher in Rattus norvegicus (52.9%) than in Rattus rattus (4.4%). Leptospira interrogans was the only detected species in both humans and rats, and was represented by three distinct Sequence Types (STs). Two were novel STs identified in two thirds of acute human cases while noteworthily absent from rats. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that human leptospirosis still represents a heavy disease burden in Seychelles. Genotype data suggests that rats are actually not the main reservoir for human disease. We highlight a rather limited efficacy of preventive measures so far implemented in Seychelles. This could result from ineffective control measures of excreting animal populations, possibly due to a misidentification of the main contaminating reservoir(s). Altogether, presented data stimulate the exploration of alternative reservoir animal hosts. Other Non-Article Part of Journal/Newspaper Rattus rattus DRO - Deakin Research Online Indian Main Island ENVELOPE(-38.220,-38.220,-54.007,-54.007) |
institution |
Open Polar |
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DRO - Deakin Research Online |
op_collection_id |
ftdeakinunifig |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Uncategorized Adolescent Adult Animals Cost of Illness Disease Reservoirs Disease Transmission Infectious Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female Humans Incidence Leptospira interrogans Leptospirosis Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Rats Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Seychelles Young Adult Zoonoses Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Infectious Diseases Parasitology Tropical Medicine INDIAN-OCEAN PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA SPP BIODIVERSITY INTERROGANS EMERGENCE INFECTION GROWTH ISLAND UNION |
spellingShingle |
Uncategorized Adolescent Adult Animals Cost of Illness Disease Reservoirs Disease Transmission Infectious Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female Humans Incidence Leptospira interrogans Leptospirosis Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Rats Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Seychelles Young Adult Zoonoses Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Infectious Diseases Parasitology Tropical Medicine INDIAN-OCEAN PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA SPP BIODIVERSITY INTERROGANS EMERGENCE INFECTION GROWTH ISLAND UNION L Biscornet K Dellagi F Pagès J Bibi J de Comarmond J Mélade G Govinden M Tirant Y Gomard Vanina Guernier E Lagadec J Mélanie G Rocamora G Le Minter J Jaubert P Mavingui P Tortosa Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir |
topic_facet |
Uncategorized Adolescent Adult Animals Cost of Illness Disease Reservoirs Disease Transmission Infectious Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Female Humans Incidence Leptospira interrogans Leptospirosis Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Rats Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Seychelles Young Adult Zoonoses Science & Technology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Infectious Diseases Parasitology Tropical Medicine INDIAN-OCEAN PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA SPP BIODIVERSITY INTERROGANS EMERGENCE INFECTION GROWTH ISLAND UNION |
description |
BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira for which rats are considered as the main reservoir. Disease incidence is higher in tropical countries, especially in insular ecosystems. Our objectives were to determine the current burden of leptospirosis in Seychelles, a country ranking first worldwide according to historical data, to establish epidemiological links between animal reservoirs and human disease, and to identify drivers of transmission. METHODS: A total of 223 patients with acute febrile symptoms of unknown origin were enrolled in a 12-months prospective study and tested for leptospirosis through real-time PCR, IgM ELISA and MAT. In addition, 739 rats trapped throughout the main island were investigated for Leptospira renal carriage. All molecularly confirmed positive samples were further genotyped. RESULTS: A total of 51 patients fulfilled the biological criteria of acute leptospirosis, corresponding to an annual incidence of 54.6 (95% CI 40.7-71.8) per 100,000 inhabitants. Leptospira carriage in Rattus spp. was overall low (7.7%) but dramatically higher in Rattus norvegicus (52.9%) than in Rattus rattus (4.4%). Leptospira interrogans was the only detected species in both humans and rats, and was represented by three distinct Sequence Types (STs). Two were novel STs identified in two thirds of acute human cases while noteworthily absent from rats. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that human leptospirosis still represents a heavy disease burden in Seychelles. Genotype data suggests that rats are actually not the main reservoir for human disease. We highlight a rather limited efficacy of preventive measures so far implemented in Seychelles. This could result from ineffective control measures of excreting animal populations, possibly due to a misidentification of the main contaminating reservoir(s). Altogether, presented data stimulate the exploration of alternative reservoir animal hosts. |
format |
Other Non-Article Part of Journal/Newspaper |
author |
L Biscornet K Dellagi F Pagès J Bibi J de Comarmond J Mélade G Govinden M Tirant Y Gomard Vanina Guernier E Lagadec J Mélanie G Rocamora G Le Minter J Jaubert P Mavingui P Tortosa |
author_facet |
L Biscornet K Dellagi F Pagès J Bibi J de Comarmond J Mélade G Govinden M Tirant Y Gomard Vanina Guernier E Lagadec J Mélanie G Rocamora G Le Minter J Jaubert P Mavingui P Tortosa |
author_sort |
L Biscornet |
title |
Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir |
title_short |
Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir |
title_full |
Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir |
title_fullStr |
Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir |
title_full_unstemmed |
Human leptospirosis in Seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir |
title_sort |
human leptospirosis in seychelles: a prospective study confirms the heavy burden of the disease but suggests that rats are not the main reservoir |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30108624 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Human_leptospirosis_in_Seychelles_a_prospective_study_confirms_the_heavy_burden_of_the_disease_but_suggests_that_rats_are_not_the_main_reservoir/20805016 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-38.220,-38.220,-54.007,-54.007) |
geographic |
Indian Main Island |
geographic_facet |
Indian Main Island |
genre |
Rattus rattus |
genre_facet |
Rattus rattus |
op_relation |
http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30108624 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Human_leptospirosis_in_Seychelles_a_prospective_study_confirms_the_heavy_burden_of_the_disease_but_suggests_that_rats_are_not_the_main_reservoir/20805016 |
op_rights |
All Rights Reserved |
_version_ |
1766177214077861888 |