Climatological distributions of pH, pCO2, total CO2, alkalinity, and CaCO3 saturation in the global surface ocean, and temporal changes at selected locations ...

• Main Authors: Takahashi, Taro, Sutherland, Stewart C., Chipman, David, Goddard, John, Ho, Cheng, Newberger, Timothy, Sweeney, Colm, Munro, D. R.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: Columbia University 2014
• Subjects: Carbon dioxide > Environmental aspects; Calcium carbonate; Hydrogen-ion concentration; Chemical oceanography; Marine biology; Marine ecology; Chemistry; Carbonic acid
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.7916/d8g73d37; https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D8G73D37

Climatological mean monthly distributions of pH in the total H+ scale, total CO2 concentration (TCO2), and the degree of CaCO3 saturation for the global surface ocean waters (excluding coastal areas) are calculated using a data set for pCO2, alkalinity and nutrient concentrations in surface waters (depths < 50 m), which is built upon the GLODAP, CARINA and LDEO databases. The mutual consistency among these measured parameters is demonstrated using the inorganic carbon chemistry model with the dissociation constants for carbonic acid by Lueker et al. (2000) and for boric acid by Dickson (1990). Linear potential alkalinity-salinity relationships are established for 24 regions of the global ocean. The mean monthly distributions of pH and carbon chemistry parameters for the reference year 2005 are computed using the climatological mean monthly pCO2 data adjusted to a reference year 2005 and the alkalinity estimated from the potential alkalinity-salinity relationships. The equatorial zone (4°N-4°S) of the ...