Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle
In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea i...
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ftdatacite:10.7916/d83777bd 2023-05-15T14:29:14+02:00 Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle Cronin, Thomas M. Dwyer, Gary S. Farmer, Jesse Robert Bauch, H. A. Spielhagen, R. F. Jakobsson, M. Nilsson, J. Briggs, W. M. Stepanova, A. 2012 https://dx.doi.org/10.7916/d83777bd https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D83777BD unknown Columbia University https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557 Paleoclimatology Ecology FOS Biological sciences Submarine geology Text Articles article-journal ScholarlyArticle 2012 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.7916/d83777bd https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea ice loss. The stability of the halocline through past climate variations is unclear. Here we estimate intermediate water temperatures over the past 50,000 years from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca values of ostracods from 31 Arctic sediment cores. From about 50 to 11 kyr ago, the central Arctic Basin from 1,000 to 2,500 m was occupied by a water mass we call Glacial Arctic Intermediate Water. This water mass was 1–2 ◦ C warmer than modern Arctic Intermediate Water, with temperatures peaking during or just before millennial-scale Heinrich cold events and the Younger Dryas cold interval. We use numerical modelling to show that the intermediate depth warming could result from the expected decrease in the flux of fresh water to the Arctic Ocean during glacial conditions, which would cause the halocline to deepen and push the warm Atlantic Layer into intermediate depths. Although not modelled, the reduced formation of cold, deep waters due to the exposure of the Arctic continental shelf could also contribute to the intermediate depth warming. Text Arctic Basin Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Arctic Arctic Ocean |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
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unknown |
topic |
Paleoclimatology Ecology FOS Biological sciences Submarine geology |
spellingShingle |
Paleoclimatology Ecology FOS Biological sciences Submarine geology Cronin, Thomas M. Dwyer, Gary S. Farmer, Jesse Robert Bauch, H. A. Spielhagen, R. F. Jakobsson, M. Nilsson, J. Briggs, W. M. Stepanova, A. Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle |
topic_facet |
Paleoclimatology Ecology FOS Biological sciences Submarine geology |
description |
In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea ice loss. The stability of the halocline through past climate variations is unclear. Here we estimate intermediate water temperatures over the past 50,000 years from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca values of ostracods from 31 Arctic sediment cores. From about 50 to 11 kyr ago, the central Arctic Basin from 1,000 to 2,500 m was occupied by a water mass we call Glacial Arctic Intermediate Water. This water mass was 1–2 ◦ C warmer than modern Arctic Intermediate Water, with temperatures peaking during or just before millennial-scale Heinrich cold events and the Younger Dryas cold interval. We use numerical modelling to show that the intermediate depth warming could result from the expected decrease in the flux of fresh water to the Arctic Ocean during glacial conditions, which would cause the halocline to deepen and push the warm Atlantic Layer into intermediate depths. Although not modelled, the reduced formation of cold, deep waters due to the exposure of the Arctic continental shelf could also contribute to the intermediate depth warming. |
format |
Text |
author |
Cronin, Thomas M. Dwyer, Gary S. Farmer, Jesse Robert Bauch, H. A. Spielhagen, R. F. Jakobsson, M. Nilsson, J. Briggs, W. M. Stepanova, A. |
author_facet |
Cronin, Thomas M. Dwyer, Gary S. Farmer, Jesse Robert Bauch, H. A. Spielhagen, R. F. Jakobsson, M. Nilsson, J. Briggs, W. M. Stepanova, A. |
author_sort |
Cronin, Thomas M. |
title |
Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle |
title_short |
Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle |
title_full |
Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle |
title_fullStr |
Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle |
title_sort |
deep arctic ocean warming during the last glacial cycle |
publisher |
Columbia University |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.7916/d83777bd https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D83777BD |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Basin Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Basin Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7916/d83777bd https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1557 |
_version_ |
1766303299204546560 |