Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age
When genetic constraints restrict phenotypic evolution, diversification can be predicted to evolve along so-called lines of least resistance. To address the importance of such constraints and their resolution, studies of parallel phenotypic divergence that differ in their age are valuable. Here, we...
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ftdatacite:10.7892/boris.70368 2023-05-15T16:50:27+02:00 Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age Skúlason, S. Kristjánsson, B. K. Lucek, Kay Jurka Olaf Sivasundar, Arjun Seehausen, Ole 2014 application/pdf https://dx.doi.org/10.7892/boris.70368 http://boris.unibe.ch/70368/ en eng Wiley info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess 570 Life sciences; biology CreativeWork article 2014 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.70368 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z When genetic constraints restrict phenotypic evolution, diversification can be predicted to evolve along so-called lines of least resistance. To address the importance of such constraints and their resolution, studies of parallel phenotypic divergence that differ in their age are valuable. Here, we investigate the parapatric evolution of six lake and stream threespine stickleback systems from Iceland and Switzerland, ranging in age from a few decades to several millennia. Using phenotypic data, we test for parallelism in ecotypic divergence between parapatric lake and stream populations and compare the observed patterns to an ancestral-like marine population. We find strong and consistent phenotypic divergence, both among lake and stream populations and between our freshwater populations and the marine population. Interestingly, ecotypic divergence in low-dimensional phenotype space (i.e. single traits) is rapid and seems to be often completed within 100 years. Yet, the dimensionality of ecotypic divergence was highest in our oldest systems and only there parallel evolution of unrelated ecotypes was strong enough to overwrite phylogenetic contingency. Moreover, the dimensionality of divergence in different systems varies between trait complexes, suggesting different constraints and evolutionary pathways to their resolution among freshwater systems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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Open Polar |
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language |
English |
topic |
570 Life sciences; biology |
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570 Life sciences; biology Skúlason, S. Kristjánsson, B. K. Lucek, Kay Jurka Olaf Sivasundar, Arjun Seehausen, Ole Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age |
topic_facet |
570 Life sciences; biology |
description |
When genetic constraints restrict phenotypic evolution, diversification can be predicted to evolve along so-called lines of least resistance. To address the importance of such constraints and their resolution, studies of parallel phenotypic divergence that differ in their age are valuable. Here, we investigate the parapatric evolution of six lake and stream threespine stickleback systems from Iceland and Switzerland, ranging in age from a few decades to several millennia. Using phenotypic data, we test for parallelism in ecotypic divergence between parapatric lake and stream populations and compare the observed patterns to an ancestral-like marine population. We find strong and consistent phenotypic divergence, both among lake and stream populations and between our freshwater populations and the marine population. Interestingly, ecotypic divergence in low-dimensional phenotype space (i.e. single traits) is rapid and seems to be often completed within 100 years. Yet, the dimensionality of ecotypic divergence was highest in our oldest systems and only there parallel evolution of unrelated ecotypes was strong enough to overwrite phylogenetic contingency. Moreover, the dimensionality of divergence in different systems varies between trait complexes, suggesting different constraints and evolutionary pathways to their resolution among freshwater systems. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Skúlason, S. Kristjánsson, B. K. Lucek, Kay Jurka Olaf Sivasundar, Arjun Seehausen, Ole |
author_facet |
Skúlason, S. Kristjánsson, B. K. Lucek, Kay Jurka Olaf Sivasundar, Arjun Seehausen, Ole |
author_sort |
Skúlason, S. |
title |
Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age |
title_short |
Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age |
title_full |
Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age |
title_fullStr |
Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age |
title_full_unstemmed |
Quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age |
title_sort |
quick divergence but slow convergence during ecotype formation in lake and stream stickleback pairs of variable age |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.7892/boris.70368 http://boris.unibe.ch/70368/ |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.70368 |
_version_ |
1766040592952852480 |