Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite
Abstract Background Cryoconite granules are mineral–microbial aggregates found on glacier surfaces worldwide and are hotspots of biogeochemical reactions in glacier ecosystems. However, despite their importance within glacier ecosystems, the geographical diversity of taxonomic assemblages and metabo...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083.v1 2023-05-15T13:53:14+02:00 Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite Murakami, Takumi Takeuchi, Nozomu Mori, Hiroshi Hirose, Yuu Edwards, Arwyn Irvine-Fynn, Tristram Li, Zhongqin Ishii, Satoshi Segawa, Takahiro 2022 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083.v1 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Metagenomics_reveals_global-scale_contrasts_in_nitrogen_cycling_and_cyanobacterial_light-harvesting_mechanisms_in_glacier_cryoconite/5910083/1 unknown figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-022-01238-7 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences article Collection 2022 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-022-01238-7 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083 2022-04-01T17:49:42Z Abstract Background Cryoconite granules are mineral–microbial aggregates found on glacier surfaces worldwide and are hotspots of biogeochemical reactions in glacier ecosystems. However, despite their importance within glacier ecosystems, the geographical diversity of taxonomic assemblages and metabolic potential of cryoconite communities around the globe remain unclear. In particular, the genomic content of cryoconite communities on Asia’s high mountain glaciers, which represent a substantial portion of Earth’s ice masses, has rarely been reported. Therefore, in this study, to elucidate the taxonomic and ecological diversities of cryoconite bacterial consortia on a global scale, we conducted shotgun metagenomic sequencing of cryoconite acquired from a range of geographical areas comprising Polar (Arctic and Antarctic) and Asian alpine regions. Results Our metagenomic data indicate that compositions of both bacterial taxa and functional genes are particularly distinctive for Asian cryoconite. Read abundance of the genes responsible for denitrification was significantly more abundant in Asian cryoconite than the Polar cryoconite, implying that denitrification is more enhanced in Asian glaciers. The taxonomic composition of Cyanobacteria, the key primary producers in cryoconite communities, also differs between the Polar and Asian samples. Analyses on the metagenome-assembled genomes and fluorescence emission spectra reveal that Asian cryoconite is dominated by multiple cyanobacterial lineages possessing phycoerythrin, a green light-harvesting component for photosynthesis. In contrast, Polar cryoconite is dominated by a single cyanobacterial species Phormidesmis priestleyi that does not possess phycoerythrin. These findings suggest that the assemblage of cryoconite bacterial communities respond to regional- or glacier-specific physicochemical conditions, such as the availability of nutrients (e.g., nitrate and dissolved organic carbon) and light (i.e., incident shortwave radiation). Conclusions Our genome-resolved metagenomics provides the first characterization of the taxonomic and metabolic diversities of cryoconite from contrasting geographical areas, highlighted by the distinct light-harvesting approaches of Cyanobacteria and nitrogen utilization between Polar and Asian cryoconite, and implies the existence of environmental controls on the assemblage of cryoconite communities. These findings deepen our understanding of the biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles of glacier ecosystems, which are susceptible to ongoing climate change and glacier decline, on a global scale. Video abstract Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Climate change DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic Arctic |
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Open Polar |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Murakami, Takumi Takeuchi, Nozomu Mori, Hiroshi Hirose, Yuu Edwards, Arwyn Irvine-Fynn, Tristram Li, Zhongqin Ishii, Satoshi Segawa, Takahiro Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite |
topic_facet |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
description |
Abstract Background Cryoconite granules are mineral–microbial aggregates found on glacier surfaces worldwide and are hotspots of biogeochemical reactions in glacier ecosystems. However, despite their importance within glacier ecosystems, the geographical diversity of taxonomic assemblages and metabolic potential of cryoconite communities around the globe remain unclear. In particular, the genomic content of cryoconite communities on Asia’s high mountain glaciers, which represent a substantial portion of Earth’s ice masses, has rarely been reported. Therefore, in this study, to elucidate the taxonomic and ecological diversities of cryoconite bacterial consortia on a global scale, we conducted shotgun metagenomic sequencing of cryoconite acquired from a range of geographical areas comprising Polar (Arctic and Antarctic) and Asian alpine regions. Results Our metagenomic data indicate that compositions of both bacterial taxa and functional genes are particularly distinctive for Asian cryoconite. Read abundance of the genes responsible for denitrification was significantly more abundant in Asian cryoconite than the Polar cryoconite, implying that denitrification is more enhanced in Asian glaciers. The taxonomic composition of Cyanobacteria, the key primary producers in cryoconite communities, also differs between the Polar and Asian samples. Analyses on the metagenome-assembled genomes and fluorescence emission spectra reveal that Asian cryoconite is dominated by multiple cyanobacterial lineages possessing phycoerythrin, a green light-harvesting component for photosynthesis. In contrast, Polar cryoconite is dominated by a single cyanobacterial species Phormidesmis priestleyi that does not possess phycoerythrin. These findings suggest that the assemblage of cryoconite bacterial communities respond to regional- or glacier-specific physicochemical conditions, such as the availability of nutrients (e.g., nitrate and dissolved organic carbon) and light (i.e., incident shortwave radiation). Conclusions Our genome-resolved metagenomics provides the first characterization of the taxonomic and metabolic diversities of cryoconite from contrasting geographical areas, highlighted by the distinct light-harvesting approaches of Cyanobacteria and nitrogen utilization between Polar and Asian cryoconite, and implies the existence of environmental controls on the assemblage of cryoconite communities. These findings deepen our understanding of the biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles of glacier ecosystems, which are susceptible to ongoing climate change and glacier decline, on a global scale. Video abstract |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Murakami, Takumi Takeuchi, Nozomu Mori, Hiroshi Hirose, Yuu Edwards, Arwyn Irvine-Fynn, Tristram Li, Zhongqin Ishii, Satoshi Segawa, Takahiro |
author_facet |
Murakami, Takumi Takeuchi, Nozomu Mori, Hiroshi Hirose, Yuu Edwards, Arwyn Irvine-Fynn, Tristram Li, Zhongqin Ishii, Satoshi Segawa, Takahiro |
author_sort |
Murakami, Takumi |
title |
Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite |
title_short |
Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite |
title_full |
Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite |
title_fullStr |
Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite |
title_full_unstemmed |
Metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite |
title_sort |
metagenomics reveals global-scale contrasts in nitrogen cycling and cyanobacterial light-harvesting mechanisms in glacier cryoconite |
publisher |
figshare |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083.v1 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Metagenomics_reveals_global-scale_contrasts_in_nitrogen_cycling_and_cyanobacterial_light-harvesting_mechanisms_in_glacier_cryoconite/5910083/1 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Climate change |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Climate change |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-022-01238-7 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-022-01238-7 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5910083 |
_version_ |
1766258202074152960 |