Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals"
Sex-specific phenotypic differences are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Reproductive advantages provided by trait differences come at a cost. Here, we link sex-specific foraging strategies to trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seal...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582.v2 2023-05-15T16:05:39+02:00 Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" Kienle, Sarah S. Friedlaender, Ari S. Crocker, Daniel E. Mehta, Rita S. Costa, Daniel P. 2022 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582.v2 https://rs.figshare.com/collections/Supplementary_material_from_Trade-offs_between_foraging_reward_and_mortality_risk_drive_sex-specific_foraging_strategies_in_sexually_dimorphic_northern_elephant_seals_/5769582/2 unknown The Royal Society https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210522 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology 60801 Animal Behaviour article Collection 2022 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582.v2 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210522 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582 2022-02-09T12:10:25Z Sex-specific phenotypic differences are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Reproductive advantages provided by trait differences come at a cost. Here, we link sex-specific foraging strategies to trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals ( Mirounga angustirostris ). We analyse a decadal dataset on movement patterns, dive behaviour, foraging success and mortality rates. Females are deep-diving predators in open ocean habitats. Males are shallow-diving benthic predators in continental shelf habitats. Males gain six times more mass and acquire energy 4.1 times faster than females. High foraging success comes with a high mortality rate. Males are six times more likely to die than females. These foraging strategies and trade-offs are related to different energy demands and life-history strategies. Males use a foraging strategy with a high mortality risk to attain large body sizes necessary to compete for females, as only a fraction of the largest males ever mate. Females use a foraging strategy with a lower mortality risk, maximizing reproductive success by pupping annually over a long lifespan. Our results highlight how sex-specific traits can drive disparity in mortality rates and expand species' niche space. Further, trade-offs between foraging rewards and mortality risk can differentially affect each sex's ability to maximize fitness. Article in Journal/Newspaper Elephant Seals DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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unknown |
topic |
Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology 60801 Animal Behaviour |
spellingShingle |
Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology 60801 Animal Behaviour Kienle, Sarah S. Friedlaender, Ari S. Crocker, Daniel E. Mehta, Rita S. Costa, Daniel P. Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" |
topic_facet |
Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology 60801 Animal Behaviour |
description |
Sex-specific phenotypic differences are widespread throughout the animal kingdom. Reproductive advantages provided by trait differences come at a cost. Here, we link sex-specific foraging strategies to trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals ( Mirounga angustirostris ). We analyse a decadal dataset on movement patterns, dive behaviour, foraging success and mortality rates. Females are deep-diving predators in open ocean habitats. Males are shallow-diving benthic predators in continental shelf habitats. Males gain six times more mass and acquire energy 4.1 times faster than females. High foraging success comes with a high mortality rate. Males are six times more likely to die than females. These foraging strategies and trade-offs are related to different energy demands and life-history strategies. Males use a foraging strategy with a high mortality risk to attain large body sizes necessary to compete for females, as only a fraction of the largest males ever mate. Females use a foraging strategy with a lower mortality risk, maximizing reproductive success by pupping annually over a long lifespan. Our results highlight how sex-specific traits can drive disparity in mortality rates and expand species' niche space. Further, trade-offs between foraging rewards and mortality risk can differentially affect each sex's ability to maximize fitness. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kienle, Sarah S. Friedlaender, Ari S. Crocker, Daniel E. Mehta, Rita S. Costa, Daniel P. |
author_facet |
Kienle, Sarah S. Friedlaender, Ari S. Crocker, Daniel E. Mehta, Rita S. Costa, Daniel P. |
author_sort |
Kienle, Sarah S. |
title |
Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" |
title_short |
Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" |
title_full |
Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" |
title_fullStr |
Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" |
title_full_unstemmed |
Supplementary material from "Trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" |
title_sort |
supplementary material from "trade-offs between foraging reward and mortality risk drive sex-specific foraging strategies in sexually dimorphic northern elephant seals" |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582.v2 https://rs.figshare.com/collections/Supplementary_material_from_Trade-offs_between_foraging_reward_and_mortality_risk_drive_sex-specific_foraging_strategies_in_sexually_dimorphic_northern_elephant_seals_/5769582/2 |
genre |
Elephant Seals |
genre_facet |
Elephant Seals |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210522 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582.v2 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210522 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5769582 |
_version_ |
1766401546209198080 |