The Eocene–Oligocene Transition in Nanggulan, Java: lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and foraminiferal stable isotopes

• Main Authors: Coxall, Helen K., Jones, Tom Dunkley, Jones, Amy P., Lunt, Peter, MacMillan, Ian, Marliyani, Gayatri I., Nicholas, Christopher J., O'Halloran, Aoife, Piga, Emanuela, Prihardjo Sanyoto, Wartono Rahardjo, Pearson, Paul N.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: Geological Society of London 2021
• Subjects: Geology; FOS Earth and related environmental sciences; Pacific; Sunda; Antarc*; Antarctica; Planktonic foraminifera
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5429453.v1; https://geolsoc.figshare.com/collections/The_Eocene_Oligocene_Transition_in_Nanggulan_Java_lithostratigraphy_biostratigraphy_and_foraminiferal_stable_isotopes/5429453/1

The Nanggulan section in south central Java comprises open marine sediments and volcanic deposits of Eocene–Oligocene age that accumulated in a marginal basin within the young Sunda Arc complex. A new borehole captures the stratigraphy and showcases the exceptional preservation of calcareous microfossils across an apparently complete Eocene–Oligocene Transition (EOT), a time interval significant for the initiation of continental scale glaciation on Antarctica. Low-resolution benthic and planktonic foraminifera oxygen and carbon stable isotopes (δ 18 O and δ 13 C) record increasing δ 18 O and δ 13 C in the basal Oligocene, allowing correlation to global records. Isotopic values imply warm temperatures and relatively high nutrients along the SE Java margin. The Nanggulan EOT is a valuable archive for reconstructing ocean-climate behavior and plankton evolution and extinction in the Indo–Pacific warm pool. The borehole also adds to understanding of the early stages of Sunda Arc volcanism.