Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands"
Terrestrial species on islands often show reduced dispersal abilities. For insects, the generality of explanations for island flight loss remains contentious. Although habitat stability is considered the most plausible explanation, others are frequently highlighted. Adopting a strong inference appro...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307.v1 2023-05-15T15:07:16+02:00 Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" Leihy, Rachel I. Chown, Steven L. 2020 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307.v1 https://rs.figshare.com/collections/Supplementary_material_from_Wind_plays_a_major_but_not_exclusive_role_in_the_prevalence_of_insect_flight_loss_on_remote_islands_/5230307/1 unknown The Royal Society https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2121 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Ecology FOS Biological sciences Collection article 2020 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307.v1 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2121 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Terrestrial species on islands often show reduced dispersal abilities. For insects, the generality of explanations for island flight loss remains contentious. Although habitat stability is considered the most plausible explanation, others are frequently highlighted. Adopting a strong inference approach, we examined the hypotheses proposed to account for the prevalence of flightlessness in island insect assemblages, for a region long suspected to be globally unusual in this regard—the Southern Ocean Islands (SOIs). Combining comprehensive faunal inventories, species' morphological information and environmental variables from 28 SOIs, we provide the first quantitative evidence that flightlessness is exceptionally prevalent among indigenous SOI insect species (47%). Prevalence among species which have evolved elsewhere is much lower: Arctic island species (8%), species introduced to the SOIs (17%) and globally (estimated as approx. 5%). Variation in numbers of flightless species and genera across islands is best explained by variation in wind speed, although habitat stability (thermal seasonality proxy) may play a role. Variables associated with insularity, such as island size, are generally poor predictors of flightlessness. The outcomes redirect attention to Darwin's wind hypothesis. They suggest, however, that wind selects for flightlessness through an energy trade-off between flight and reproduction, instead of by displacement from suitable habitats. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Southern Ocean DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Arctic Southern Ocean Soi ENVELOPE(30.704,30.704,66.481,66.481) Arctic Island ENVELOPE(-74.766,-74.766,62.234,62.234) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Ecology FOS Biological sciences |
spellingShingle |
Ecology FOS Biological sciences Leihy, Rachel I. Chown, Steven L. Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" |
topic_facet |
Ecology FOS Biological sciences |
description |
Terrestrial species on islands often show reduced dispersal abilities. For insects, the generality of explanations for island flight loss remains contentious. Although habitat stability is considered the most plausible explanation, others are frequently highlighted. Adopting a strong inference approach, we examined the hypotheses proposed to account for the prevalence of flightlessness in island insect assemblages, for a region long suspected to be globally unusual in this regard—the Southern Ocean Islands (SOIs). Combining comprehensive faunal inventories, species' morphological information and environmental variables from 28 SOIs, we provide the first quantitative evidence that flightlessness is exceptionally prevalent among indigenous SOI insect species (47%). Prevalence among species which have evolved elsewhere is much lower: Arctic island species (8%), species introduced to the SOIs (17%) and globally (estimated as approx. 5%). Variation in numbers of flightless species and genera across islands is best explained by variation in wind speed, although habitat stability (thermal seasonality proxy) may play a role. Variables associated with insularity, such as island size, are generally poor predictors of flightlessness. The outcomes redirect attention to Darwin's wind hypothesis. They suggest, however, that wind selects for flightlessness through an energy trade-off between flight and reproduction, instead of by displacement from suitable habitats. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Leihy, Rachel I. Chown, Steven L. |
author_facet |
Leihy, Rachel I. Chown, Steven L. |
author_sort |
Leihy, Rachel I. |
title |
Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" |
title_short |
Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" |
title_full |
Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" |
title_fullStr |
Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" |
title_full_unstemmed |
Supplementary material from "Wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" |
title_sort |
supplementary material from "wind plays a major but not exclusive role in the prevalence of insect flight loss on remote islands" |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307.v1 https://rs.figshare.com/collections/Supplementary_material_from_Wind_plays_a_major_but_not_exclusive_role_in_the_prevalence_of_insect_flight_loss_on_remote_islands_/5230307/1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(30.704,30.704,66.481,66.481) ENVELOPE(-74.766,-74.766,62.234,62.234) |
geographic |
Arctic Southern Ocean Soi Arctic Island |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Southern Ocean Soi Arctic Island |
genre |
Arctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2121 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307.v1 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2121 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5230307 |
_version_ |
1766338804676820992 |