Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)
Abstract Background All crustaceans periodically moult to renew their exoskeleton. In krill this involves partial digestion and resorption of the old exoskeleton and synthesis of new cuticle. Molecular events that underlie the moult cycle are poorly understood in calcifying crustaceans and even less...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903.v1 2023-05-15T13:46:36+02:00 Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) Seear, Paul J Tarling, Geraint A Burns, Gavin Goodall-Copestake, William P Gaten, Edward Özkaya, Özge Rosato, Ezio 2021 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903.v1 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Differential_gene_expression_during_the_moult_cycle_of_Antarctic_krill_Euphausia_superba_/4872903/1 unknown figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-582 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Genetics FOS Biological sciences Collection article 2021 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-582 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Abstract Background All crustaceans periodically moult to renew their exoskeleton. In krill this involves partial digestion and resorption of the old exoskeleton and synthesis of new cuticle. Molecular events that underlie the moult cycle are poorly understood in calcifying crustaceans and even less so in non-calcifying organisms such as krill. To address this we constructed an Antarctic krill cDNA microarray in order to generate gene expression profiles across the moult cycle and identify possible activation pathways. Results A total of 26 different cuticle genes were identified that showed differential gene expression across the moult cycle. Almost all cuticle genes were up regulated during premoult and down regulated during late intermoult. There were a number of transcripts with significant sequence homology to genes potentially involved in the synthesis, breakdown and resorption of chitin. During early premoult glutamine synthetase, a gene involved in generating an amino acid used in the synthesis of glucosamine, a constituent of chitin, was up regulated more than twofold. Mannosyltransferase 1, a member of the glycosyltransferase family of enzymes that includes chitin synthase was also up regulated during early premoult. Transcripts homologous to a β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (β-NAGase) precursor were expressed at a higher level during late intermoult (prior to apolysis) than during premoult. This observation coincided with the up regulation during late intermoult, of a coatomer subunit epsilon involved in the production of vesicles that maybe used to transport the β-NAGase precursors into the exuvial cleft. Trypsin, known to activate the β-NAGase precursor, was up regulated more than fourfold during premoult. The up regulation of a predicted oligopeptide transporter during premoult may allow the transport of chitin breakdown products across the newly synthesised epi- and exocuticle layers. Conclusion We have identified many genes differentially expressed across the moult cycle of krill that correspond with known phenotypic structural changes. This study has provided a better understanding of the processes involved in krill moulting and how they may be controlled at the gene expression level. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Genetics FOS Biological sciences |
spellingShingle |
Genetics FOS Biological sciences Seear, Paul J Tarling, Geraint A Burns, Gavin Goodall-Copestake, William P Gaten, Edward Özkaya, Özge Rosato, Ezio Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) |
topic_facet |
Genetics FOS Biological sciences |
description |
Abstract Background All crustaceans periodically moult to renew their exoskeleton. In krill this involves partial digestion and resorption of the old exoskeleton and synthesis of new cuticle. Molecular events that underlie the moult cycle are poorly understood in calcifying crustaceans and even less so in non-calcifying organisms such as krill. To address this we constructed an Antarctic krill cDNA microarray in order to generate gene expression profiles across the moult cycle and identify possible activation pathways. Results A total of 26 different cuticle genes were identified that showed differential gene expression across the moult cycle. Almost all cuticle genes were up regulated during premoult and down regulated during late intermoult. There were a number of transcripts with significant sequence homology to genes potentially involved in the synthesis, breakdown and resorption of chitin. During early premoult glutamine synthetase, a gene involved in generating an amino acid used in the synthesis of glucosamine, a constituent of chitin, was up regulated more than twofold. Mannosyltransferase 1, a member of the glycosyltransferase family of enzymes that includes chitin synthase was also up regulated during early premoult. Transcripts homologous to a β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (β-NAGase) precursor were expressed at a higher level during late intermoult (prior to apolysis) than during premoult. This observation coincided with the up regulation during late intermoult, of a coatomer subunit epsilon involved in the production of vesicles that maybe used to transport the β-NAGase precursors into the exuvial cleft. Trypsin, known to activate the β-NAGase precursor, was up regulated more than fourfold during premoult. The up regulation of a predicted oligopeptide transporter during premoult may allow the transport of chitin breakdown products across the newly synthesised epi- and exocuticle layers. Conclusion We have identified many genes differentially expressed across the moult cycle of krill that correspond with known phenotypic structural changes. This study has provided a better understanding of the processes involved in krill moulting and how they may be controlled at the gene expression level. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Seear, Paul J Tarling, Geraint A Burns, Gavin Goodall-Copestake, William P Gaten, Edward Özkaya, Özge Rosato, Ezio |
author_facet |
Seear, Paul J Tarling, Geraint A Burns, Gavin Goodall-Copestake, William P Gaten, Edward Özkaya, Özge Rosato, Ezio |
author_sort |
Seear, Paul J |
title |
Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) |
title_short |
Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) |
title_full |
Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) |
title_fullStr |
Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Differential gene expression during the moult cycle of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) |
title_sort |
differential gene expression during the moult cycle of antarctic krill (euphausia superba) |
publisher |
figshare |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903.v1 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Differential_gene_expression_during_the_moult_cycle_of_Antarctic_krill_Euphausia_superba_/4872903/1 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-582 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-582 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4872903 |
_version_ |
1766244484420468736 |