Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins
Abstract Background The early life of marine apex predators is poorly known, particularly for diving species. The orientation and foraging skills are presumably less developed in juveniles than in adults, especially during their first year at sea when juveniles might disperse further than adults. Me...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
figshare
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914.v1 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Exploration_during_early_life_distribution_habitat_and_orientation_preferences_in_juvenile_king_penguins/4707914/1 |
id |
ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914.v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914.v1 2023-05-15T14:04:29+02:00 Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins F. Orgeret C. PĂŠron M. Enstipp K. Delord H. Weimerskirch C. Bost 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914.v1 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Exploration_during_early_life_distribution_habitat_and_orientation_preferences_in_juvenile_king_penguins/4707914/1 unknown figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0175-3 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914 CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Neuroscience Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Developmental Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Collection article 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0175-3 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Abstract Background The early life of marine apex predators is poorly known, particularly for diving species. The orientation and foraging skills are presumably less developed in juveniles than in adults, especially during their first year at sea when juveniles might disperse further than adults. Methods Over two years of monitoring, we tracked the movements of 17 juvenile king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus, ~â 1â year old) using satellite relay tags from Crozet Archipelago (Southern Indian Ocean), starting when birds left their natal colony for the first time. For comparison we also tagged 6 non-breeding adults, which at that stage, similar to juveniles, are unhampered by reproductive constraints and might roam further than breeders. We used a combination of cluster analysis and habitat modelling to investigate and compare the movement patterns and habitat use of experienced (non-breeding adults) and non-experienced (juveniles) individuals. Results While juvenile penguins and non-breeding adults followed similar routes, the movements by adults started later in the season and ranged over a considerably smaller area than juveniles. Net squared displacement analysis revealed that both groups did not move to a specific wintering area. Changes in direction of juveniles in respect to their departure island were similar and synchronous for both years. Habitat models revealed that foraging behaviour was affected by environmental variables such as wind or current speeds, sea surface temperature, or oceanic productivity, for both stages. Analysis of tracks revealed that birds moved predominately perpendicular or against the main direction of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the prevailing wind during austral summer (juveniles only) and autumn (juveniles and non-breeding adults). However, both juveniles and adults were more likely to move against the prevailing winds if productivity increased along their trajectories. Conclusions The exceptional duration of our tracking study provided unprecedented insights into the distribution, habitat preferences and orientation of two poorly known life history stages of an expert avian diver. Our study suggests that juveniles might use both innate and learnt skills to reach profitable foraging areas during their first year at sea, which is critical in long-lived species. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic King Penguins DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic The Antarctic Austral Indian |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Neuroscience Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Developmental Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Neuroscience Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Developmental Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences F. Orgeret C. PĂŠron M. Enstipp K. Delord H. Weimerskirch C. Bost Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins |
topic_facet |
Neuroscience Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Developmental Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
description |
Abstract Background The early life of marine apex predators is poorly known, particularly for diving species. The orientation and foraging skills are presumably less developed in juveniles than in adults, especially during their first year at sea when juveniles might disperse further than adults. Methods Over two years of monitoring, we tracked the movements of 17 juvenile king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus, ~â 1â year old) using satellite relay tags from Crozet Archipelago (Southern Indian Ocean), starting when birds left their natal colony for the first time. For comparison we also tagged 6 non-breeding adults, which at that stage, similar to juveniles, are unhampered by reproductive constraints and might roam further than breeders. We used a combination of cluster analysis and habitat modelling to investigate and compare the movement patterns and habitat use of experienced (non-breeding adults) and non-experienced (juveniles) individuals. Results While juvenile penguins and non-breeding adults followed similar routes, the movements by adults started later in the season and ranged over a considerably smaller area than juveniles. Net squared displacement analysis revealed that both groups did not move to a specific wintering area. Changes in direction of juveniles in respect to their departure island were similar and synchronous for both years. Habitat models revealed that foraging behaviour was affected by environmental variables such as wind or current speeds, sea surface temperature, or oceanic productivity, for both stages. Analysis of tracks revealed that birds moved predominately perpendicular or against the main direction of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the prevailing wind during austral summer (juveniles only) and autumn (juveniles and non-breeding adults). However, both juveniles and adults were more likely to move against the prevailing winds if productivity increased along their trajectories. Conclusions The exceptional duration of our tracking study provided unprecedented insights into the distribution, habitat preferences and orientation of two poorly known life history stages of an expert avian diver. Our study suggests that juveniles might use both innate and learnt skills to reach profitable foraging areas during their first year at sea, which is critical in long-lived species. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
F. Orgeret C. PĂŠron M. Enstipp K. Delord H. Weimerskirch C. Bost |
author_facet |
F. Orgeret C. PĂŠron M. Enstipp K. Delord H. Weimerskirch C. Bost |
author_sort |
F. Orgeret |
title |
Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins |
title_short |
Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins |
title_full |
Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins |
title_fullStr |
Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins |
title_sort |
exploration during early life: distribution, habitat and orientation preferences in juvenile king penguins |
publisher |
figshare |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914.v1 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Exploration_during_early_life_distribution_habitat_and_orientation_preferences_in_juvenile_king_penguins/4707914/1 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Austral Indian |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Austral Indian |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic King Penguins |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic King Penguins |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0175-3 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-019-0175-3 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4707914 |
_version_ |
1766275575564992512 |