A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica
Abstract Background Marine invertebrates are abundant and diverse on the continental shelf in Antarctica, but little is known about their parasitic counterparts. Endoparasites are especially understudied because they often possess highly modified body plans that pose problems for their identificatio...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4670855 2023-05-15T14:04:28+02:00 A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica Layton, Kara Rouse, Greg Nerida Wilson 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4670855 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/A_newly_discovered_radiation_of_endoparasitic_gastropods_and_their_coevolution_with_asteroid_hosts_in_Antarctica/4670855 unknown figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Evolutionary Biology 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Collection article 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4670855 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Abstract Background Marine invertebrates are abundant and diverse on the continental shelf in Antarctica, but little is known about their parasitic counterparts. Endoparasites are especially understudied because they often possess highly modified body plans that pose problems for their identification. Asterophila, a genus of endoparasitic gastropod in the family Eulimidae, forms cysts in the arms and central discs of asteroid sea stars. There are currently four known species in this genus, one of which has been described from the Antarctic Peninsula (A. perknasteri). This study employs molecular and morphological data to investigate the diversity of Asterophila in Antarctica and explore cophylogenetic patterns between host and parasite. Results A maximum-likelihood phylogeny of Asterophila and subsequent species-delimitation analysis uncovered nine well-supported putative species, eight of which are new to science. Most Asterophila species were found on a single host species, but four species were found on multiple hosts from one or two closely related genera, showing phylogenetic conservatism of host use. Both distance-based and event-based cophylogenetic analyses uncovered a strong signal of coevolution in this system, but most associations were explained by non-cospeciation events. Discussion The prevalence of duplication and host-switching events in Asterophila and its asteroid hosts suggests that synchronous evolution may be rare even in obligate endoparasitic systems. The apparent restricted distribution of Asterophila from around the Scotia Arc may be an artefact of concentrated sampling in the area and a low obvious prevalence of infection. Given the richness of parasites on a global scale, their role in promoting host diversification, and the threat of their loss through coextinction, future work should continue to investigate parasite diversity and coevolution in vulnerable ecosystems. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Evolutionary Biology 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Evolutionary Biology 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Layton, Kara Rouse, Greg Nerida Wilson A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Evolutionary Biology 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified |
description |
Abstract Background Marine invertebrates are abundant and diverse on the continental shelf in Antarctica, but little is known about their parasitic counterparts. Endoparasites are especially understudied because they often possess highly modified body plans that pose problems for their identification. Asterophila, a genus of endoparasitic gastropod in the family Eulimidae, forms cysts in the arms and central discs of asteroid sea stars. There are currently four known species in this genus, one of which has been described from the Antarctic Peninsula (A. perknasteri). This study employs molecular and morphological data to investigate the diversity of Asterophila in Antarctica and explore cophylogenetic patterns between host and parasite. Results A maximum-likelihood phylogeny of Asterophila and subsequent species-delimitation analysis uncovered nine well-supported putative species, eight of which are new to science. Most Asterophila species were found on a single host species, but four species were found on multiple hosts from one or two closely related genera, showing phylogenetic conservatism of host use. Both distance-based and event-based cophylogenetic analyses uncovered a strong signal of coevolution in this system, but most associations were explained by non-cospeciation events. Discussion The prevalence of duplication and host-switching events in Asterophila and its asteroid hosts suggests that synchronous evolution may be rare even in obligate endoparasitic systems. The apparent restricted distribution of Asterophila from around the Scotia Arc may be an artefact of concentrated sampling in the area and a low obvious prevalence of infection. Given the richness of parasites on a global scale, their role in promoting host diversification, and the threat of their loss through coextinction, future work should continue to investigate parasite diversity and coevolution in vulnerable ecosystems. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Layton, Kara Rouse, Greg Nerida Wilson |
author_facet |
Layton, Kara Rouse, Greg Nerida Wilson |
author_sort |
Layton, Kara |
title |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_short |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_full |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_sort |
newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in antarctica |
publisher |
figshare |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4670855 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/A_newly_discovered_radiation_of_endoparasitic_gastropods_and_their_coevolution_with_asteroid_hosts_in_Antarctica/4670855 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4670855 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 |
_version_ |
1766275573323137024 |