Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya
Abstract Background Polynyas in the Southern Ocean are regions of intense primary production, mainly by Phaeocystis antarctica. Carbon fixed by phytoplankton in the water column is transferred to higher trophic levels, and finally, to the deep ocean. However, in the Amundsen Sea, most of this organi...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4409417 2023-05-15T13:24:19+02:00 Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya So-Jeong Kim Jong-Geol Kim Lee, Sang-Hoon Soo-Je Park Gwak, Joo-Han Jung, Man-Young Won-Hyung Chung Yang, Eun-Jin Jisoo Park Jinyoung Jung Yoonsoo Hahn Jang-Cheon Cho Madsen, Eugene Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco Hyun, Jung-Ho Sung-Keun Rhee 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4409417 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Genomic_and_metatranscriptomic_analyses_of_carbon_remineralization_in_an_Antarctic_polynya/4409417 unknown Figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0643-4 CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Collection article 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4409417 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0643-4 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Abstract Background Polynyas in the Southern Ocean are regions of intense primary production, mainly by Phaeocystis antarctica. Carbon fixed by phytoplankton in the water column is transferred to higher trophic levels, and finally, to the deep ocean. However, in the Amundsen Sea, most of this organic carbon does not reach the sediment but is degraded in the water column due to high bacterial heterotrophic activity. Results We reconstructed 12 key bacterial genomes from different phases of bloom and analyzed the expression of genes involved in organic carbon remineralization. A high correlation of gene expression between the peak and decline phases was observed in an individual genome bin-based pairwise comparison of gene expression. Polaribacter belonging to Bacteroidetes was found to be dominant in the peak phase, and its transcriptional activity was high (48.9% of the total mRNA reads). Two dominant Polaribacter bins had the potential to utilize major polymers in P. antarctica, chrysolaminarin and xylan, with a distinct set of glycosyl hydrolases. In the decline phase, Gammaproteobacteria (Ant4D3, SUP05, and SAR92), with the potential to utilize low molecular weight-dissolved organic matter (LMW-DOM) including compatible solutes, was increased. The versatility of Gammaproteobacteria may contribute to their abundance in organic carbon-rich polynya waters, while the SAR11 clade was found to be predominant in the sea ice-covered oligotrophic ocean. SAR92 clade showed transcriptional activity for utilization of both polysaccharides and LMW-DOM; this may account for their abundance both in the peak and decline phases. Ant4D3 clade was dominant in all phases of the polynya bloom, implicating the crucial roles of this clade in LMW-DOM remineralization in the Antarctic polynyas. Conclusions Genomic reconstruction and in situ gene expression analyses revealed the unique metabolic potential of dominant bacteria of the Antarctic polynya at a finer taxonomic level. The information can be used to predict temporal community succession linked to the availability of substrates derived from the P. antarctica bloom. Global warming has resulted in compositional changes in phytoplankton from P. antarctica to diatoms, and thus, repeated parallel studies in various polynyas are required to predict global warming-related changes in carbon remineralization. Article in Journal/Newspaper Amundsen Sea Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Amundsen Sea |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences So-Jeong Kim Jong-Geol Kim Lee, Sang-Hoon Soo-Je Park Gwak, Joo-Han Jung, Man-Young Won-Hyung Chung Yang, Eun-Jin Jisoo Park Jinyoung Jung Yoonsoo Hahn Jang-Cheon Cho Madsen, Eugene Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco Hyun, Jung-Ho Sung-Keun Rhee Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya |
topic_facet |
Microbiology FOS Biological sciences Genetics 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Marine Biology Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
description |
Abstract Background Polynyas in the Southern Ocean are regions of intense primary production, mainly by Phaeocystis antarctica. Carbon fixed by phytoplankton in the water column is transferred to higher trophic levels, and finally, to the deep ocean. However, in the Amundsen Sea, most of this organic carbon does not reach the sediment but is degraded in the water column due to high bacterial heterotrophic activity. Results We reconstructed 12 key bacterial genomes from different phases of bloom and analyzed the expression of genes involved in organic carbon remineralization. A high correlation of gene expression between the peak and decline phases was observed in an individual genome bin-based pairwise comparison of gene expression. Polaribacter belonging to Bacteroidetes was found to be dominant in the peak phase, and its transcriptional activity was high (48.9% of the total mRNA reads). Two dominant Polaribacter bins had the potential to utilize major polymers in P. antarctica, chrysolaminarin and xylan, with a distinct set of glycosyl hydrolases. In the decline phase, Gammaproteobacteria (Ant4D3, SUP05, and SAR92), with the potential to utilize low molecular weight-dissolved organic matter (LMW-DOM) including compatible solutes, was increased. The versatility of Gammaproteobacteria may contribute to their abundance in organic carbon-rich polynya waters, while the SAR11 clade was found to be predominant in the sea ice-covered oligotrophic ocean. SAR92 clade showed transcriptional activity for utilization of both polysaccharides and LMW-DOM; this may account for their abundance both in the peak and decline phases. Ant4D3 clade was dominant in all phases of the polynya bloom, implicating the crucial roles of this clade in LMW-DOM remineralization in the Antarctic polynyas. Conclusions Genomic reconstruction and in situ gene expression analyses revealed the unique metabolic potential of dominant bacteria of the Antarctic polynya at a finer taxonomic level. The information can be used to predict temporal community succession linked to the availability of substrates derived from the P. antarctica bloom. Global warming has resulted in compositional changes in phytoplankton from P. antarctica to diatoms, and thus, repeated parallel studies in various polynyas are required to predict global warming-related changes in carbon remineralization. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
So-Jeong Kim Jong-Geol Kim Lee, Sang-Hoon Soo-Je Park Gwak, Joo-Han Jung, Man-Young Won-Hyung Chung Yang, Eun-Jin Jisoo Park Jinyoung Jung Yoonsoo Hahn Jang-Cheon Cho Madsen, Eugene Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco Hyun, Jung-Ho Sung-Keun Rhee |
author_facet |
So-Jeong Kim Jong-Geol Kim Lee, Sang-Hoon Soo-Je Park Gwak, Joo-Han Jung, Man-Young Won-Hyung Chung Yang, Eun-Jin Jisoo Park Jinyoung Jung Yoonsoo Hahn Jang-Cheon Cho Madsen, Eugene Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco Hyun, Jung-Ho Sung-Keun Rhee |
author_sort |
So-Jeong Kim |
title |
Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya |
title_short |
Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya |
title_full |
Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya |
title_fullStr |
Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an Antarctic polynya |
title_sort |
genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of carbon remineralization in an antarctic polynya |
publisher |
Figshare |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4409417 https://springernature.figshare.com/collections/Genomic_and_metatranscriptomic_analyses_of_carbon_remineralization_in_an_Antarctic_polynya/4409417 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Amundsen Sea |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Amundsen Sea |
genre |
Amundsen Sea Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Amundsen Sea Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0643-4 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4409417 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0643-4 |
_version_ |
1766378700225380352 |