Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities
Abstract Background Shrub cover in arctic and alpine ecosystems has increased in recent decades, and is predicted to further increase with climate change. Changes in shrub abundance may alter ecosystem carbon (C) sequestration and storage, with potential positive feedback on global C cycling. Small...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450.v1 2023-05-15T15:03:42+02:00 Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities SøRensen, Mia Graae, Bente Hagen, Dagmar Enquist, Brian Nystuen, Kristin Strimbeck, Richard 2018 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Experimental_herbivore_exclusion_shrub_introduction_and_carbon_sequestration_in_alpine_plant_communities/4217450/1 unknown Figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12898-018-0185-9 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450 CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Plant Biology Collection article 2018 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-018-0185-9 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Abstract Background Shrub cover in arctic and alpine ecosystems has increased in recent decades, and is predicted to further increase with climate change. Changes in shrub abundance may alter ecosystem carbon (C) sequestration and storage, with potential positive feedback on global C cycling. Small and large herbivores may reduce shrub expansion and thereby counteract the positive feedback on C cycling, but herbivore pressures have also changed in the alpine-arctic tundra; the increased shrub cover together with changes in herbivore pressure is leading to unpredictable changes in carbon sequestration and storage. In this study we investigate the importance of herbivory and shrub introduction for carbon sequestration in the short term. We measured standing biomass and daytime mid-growing season carbon fluxes in plots in a full factorial design where we excluded small and large mammalian herbivores and introduced Salix by planting Salix transplants. We used three study sites: one Empetrum-dominated heath, one herb- and cryptogam-dominated meadow, and one Salix-dominated shrub community in the low-alpine zone of the Dovre Mountains, Central Norway. Results After 2 years, significant treatment effects were recorded in the heath community, but not in the meadow and shrub communities. In the heath community cessation of herbivory increased standing biomass due to increased biomass of dwarf shrubs. Cessation of herbivory also reduced biomass of bryophytes and ecosystem respiration (ER). Except for an increase in biomass of deciduous shrubs caused by the Salix introduction, the only effect of Salix introduction was an increase in biomass of graminoids in the heath. Conclusions Our short-term study demonstrated that herbivore exclusion had small but still significant effects on heath vegetation, whereas such effects were not apparent in the herb-and cryptogam-dominated meadow and the Salix-dominated shrub community. Following the treatments over more years is needed to estimate the long-term effects on community structure and the consequences for C sequestration in the three plant communities. Such data are important for predicting the impact of shrub expansion on C budgets from alpine regions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Tundra DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Arctic Norway |
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Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Plant Biology |
spellingShingle |
59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Plant Biology SøRensen, Mia Graae, Bente Hagen, Dagmar Enquist, Brian Nystuen, Kristin Strimbeck, Richard Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities |
topic_facet |
59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Plant Biology |
description |
Abstract Background Shrub cover in arctic and alpine ecosystems has increased in recent decades, and is predicted to further increase with climate change. Changes in shrub abundance may alter ecosystem carbon (C) sequestration and storage, with potential positive feedback on global C cycling. Small and large herbivores may reduce shrub expansion and thereby counteract the positive feedback on C cycling, but herbivore pressures have also changed in the alpine-arctic tundra; the increased shrub cover together with changes in herbivore pressure is leading to unpredictable changes in carbon sequestration and storage. In this study we investigate the importance of herbivory and shrub introduction for carbon sequestration in the short term. We measured standing biomass and daytime mid-growing season carbon fluxes in plots in a full factorial design where we excluded small and large mammalian herbivores and introduced Salix by planting Salix transplants. We used three study sites: one Empetrum-dominated heath, one herb- and cryptogam-dominated meadow, and one Salix-dominated shrub community in the low-alpine zone of the Dovre Mountains, Central Norway. Results After 2Â years, significant treatment effects were recorded in the heath community, but not in the meadow and shrub communities. In the heath community cessation of herbivory increased standing biomass due to increased biomass of dwarf shrubs. Cessation of herbivory also reduced biomass of bryophytes and ecosystem respiration (ER). Except for an increase in biomass of deciduous shrubs caused by the Salix introduction, the only effect of Salix introduction was an increase in biomass of graminoids in the heath. Conclusions Our short-term study demonstrated that herbivore exclusion had small but still significant effects on heath vegetation, whereas such effects were not apparent in the herb-and cryptogam-dominated meadow and the Salix-dominated shrub community. Following the treatments over more years is needed to estimate the long-term effects on community structure and the consequences for C sequestration in the three plant communities. Such data are important for predicting the impact of shrub expansion on C budgets from alpine regions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
SøRensen, Mia Graae, Bente Hagen, Dagmar Enquist, Brian Nystuen, Kristin Strimbeck, Richard |
author_facet |
SøRensen, Mia Graae, Bente Hagen, Dagmar Enquist, Brian Nystuen, Kristin Strimbeck, Richard |
author_sort |
SøRensen, Mia |
title |
Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities |
title_short |
Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities |
title_full |
Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities |
title_fullStr |
Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities |
title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities |
title_sort |
experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities |
publisher |
Figshare |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Experimental_herbivore_exclusion_shrub_introduction_and_carbon_sequestration_in_alpine_plant_communities/4217450/1 |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Tundra |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12898-018-0185-9 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-018-0185-9 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4217450 |
_version_ |
1766335562358194176 |