Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification
Abstract Background Exposure to future ocean acidification scenarios may alter the behaviour of marine teleosts through interference with neuroreceptor functioning. So far, most studies investigated effects of ocean acidification on the behaviour of fish, either isolated or in combination with envir...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365.v1 2023-05-15T15:27:52+02:00 Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification Schmidt, Matthias Windisch, Heidrun Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski Seegert, Sean Hans-Otto Pörtner Storch, Daniela Bock, Christian 2017 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Differences_in_neurochemical_profiles_of_two_gadid_species_under_ocean_warming_and_acidification/3917365/1 unknown Figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0238-5 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365 CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Biochemistry 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Science Policy Collection article 2017 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0238-5 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Abstract Background Exposure to future ocean acidification scenarios may alter the behaviour of marine teleosts through interference with neuroreceptor functioning. So far, most studies investigated effects of ocean acidification on the behaviour of fish, either isolated or in combination with environmental temperature. However, only few physiological studies on this issue were conducted despite the putative neurophysiological origin of the CO2-induced behavioural changes. Here, we present the metabolic consequences of long-term exposure to projected ocean acidification (396–548 μatm PCO2 under control and 915–1272 μatm under treatment conditions) and parallel warming in the brain of two related fish species, polar cod (Boreogadus saida, exposed to 0 °C, 3 °C, 6 °C and 8 °C) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua, exposed to 3 °C, 8 °C, 12 °C and 16 °C). It has been shown that B. saida is behaviourally vulnerable to future ocean acidification scenarios, while G. morhua demonstrates behavioural resilience. Results We found that temperature alters brain osmolyte, amino acid, choline and neurotransmitter concentrations in both species indicating thermal responses particularly in osmoregulation and membrane structure. In B. saida, changes in amino acid and osmolyte metabolism at the highest temperature tested were also affected by CO2, possibly emphasizing energetic limitations. We did not observe changes in neurotransmitters, energy metabolites, membrane components or osmolytes that might serve as a compensatory mechanism against CO2 induced behavioural impairments. In contrast to B. saida, such temperature limitation was not detected in G. morhua; however, at 8 °C, CO2 induced an increase in the levels of metabolites of the glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle potentially indicating greater GABAergic activity in G.morhua. Further, increased availability of energy-rich substrates was detected under these conditions. Conclusions Our results indicate a change of GABAergic metabolism in the nervous system of Gadus morhua close to the optimum of the temperature range. Since a former study showed that juvenile G. morhua might be slightly more behaviourally resilient to CO2 at this respective temperature, we conclude that the observed change of GABAergic metabolism could be involved in counteracting OA induced behavioural changes. This may serve as a fitness advantage of this respective species compared to B. saida in a future warmer, more acidified polar ocean. Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Boreogadus saida Gadus morhua Ocean acidification polar cod DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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language |
unknown |
topic |
Biochemistry 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Science Policy |
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Biochemistry 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Science Policy Schmidt, Matthias Windisch, Heidrun Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski Seegert, Sean Hans-Otto Pörtner Storch, Daniela Bock, Christian Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification |
topic_facet |
Biochemistry 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Science Policy |
description |
Abstract Background Exposure to future ocean acidification scenarios may alter the behaviour of marine teleosts through interference with neuroreceptor functioning. So far, most studies investigated effects of ocean acidification on the behaviour of fish, either isolated or in combination with environmental temperature. However, only few physiological studies on this issue were conducted despite the putative neurophysiological origin of the CO2-induced behavioural changes. Here, we present the metabolic consequences of long-term exposure to projected ocean acidification (396–548 μatm PCO2 under control and 915–1272 μatm under treatment conditions) and parallel warming in the brain of two related fish species, polar cod (Boreogadus saida, exposed to 0 °C, 3 °C, 6 °C and 8 °C) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua, exposed to 3 °C, 8 °C, 12 °C and 16 °C). It has been shown that B. saida is behaviourally vulnerable to future ocean acidification scenarios, while G. morhua demonstrates behavioural resilience. Results We found that temperature alters brain osmolyte, amino acid, choline and neurotransmitter concentrations in both species indicating thermal responses particularly in osmoregulation and membrane structure. In B. saida, changes in amino acid and osmolyte metabolism at the highest temperature tested were also affected by CO2, possibly emphasizing energetic limitations. We did not observe changes in neurotransmitters, energy metabolites, membrane components or osmolytes that might serve as a compensatory mechanism against CO2 induced behavioural impairments. In contrast to B. saida, such temperature limitation was not detected in G. morhua; however, at 8 °C, CO2 induced an increase in the levels of metabolites of the glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle potentially indicating greater GABAergic activity in G.morhua. Further, increased availability of energy-rich substrates was detected under these conditions. Conclusions Our results indicate a change of GABAergic metabolism in the nervous system of Gadus morhua close to the optimum of the temperature range. Since a former study showed that juvenile G. morhua might be slightly more behaviourally resilient to CO2 at this respective temperature, we conclude that the observed change of GABAergic metabolism could be involved in counteracting OA induced behavioural changes. This may serve as a fitness advantage of this respective species compared to B. saida in a future warmer, more acidified polar ocean. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schmidt, Matthias Windisch, Heidrun Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski Seegert, Sean Hans-Otto Pörtner Storch, Daniela Bock, Christian |
author_facet |
Schmidt, Matthias Windisch, Heidrun Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski Seegert, Sean Hans-Otto Pörtner Storch, Daniela Bock, Christian |
author_sort |
Schmidt, Matthias |
title |
Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification |
title_short |
Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification |
title_full |
Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification |
title_fullStr |
Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification |
title_sort |
differences in neurochemical profiles of two gadid species under ocean warming and acidification |
publisher |
Figshare |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Differences_in_neurochemical_profiles_of_two_gadid_species_under_ocean_warming_and_acidification/3917365/1 |
genre |
atlantic cod Boreogadus saida Gadus morhua Ocean acidification polar cod |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Boreogadus saida Gadus morhua Ocean acidification polar cod |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0238-5 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0238-5 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3917365 |
_version_ |
1766358268553199616 |