Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound"
This paper describes the natural variability of ambient sound in the Southern Ocean, an acoustically pristine marine mammal habitat. Over a 3-year period, two autonomous recorders were moored along the Greenwich meridian to collect underwater passive acoustic data. Ambient sound levels were strongly...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729.v1 2023-05-15T13:58:07+02:00 Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound" Menze, Sebastian Zitterbart, Daniel P. Opzeeland, Ilse Van Boebel, Olaf 2016 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Supplementary_material_from_The_influence_of_sea_ice_wind_speed_and_marine_mammals_on_Southern_Ocean_ambient_sound_/3647729/1 unknown Figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160370 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729 CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Oceanography FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences Collection article 2016 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729.v1 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160370 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z This paper describes the natural variability of ambient sound in the Southern Ocean, an acoustically pristine marine mammal habitat. Over a 3-year period, two autonomous recorders were moored along the Greenwich meridian to collect underwater passive acoustic data. Ambient sound levels were strongly affected by the annual variation of the sea-ice cover, which decouples local wind speed and sound levels during austral winter. With increasing sea-ice concentration, area and thickness, sound levels decreased while the contribution of distant sources increased. Marine mammal sounds formed a substantial part of the overall acoustic environment, comprising calls produced by Antarctic blue whales ( Balaenoptera musculus intermedia ), fin whales ( Balaenoptera physalus ), Antarctic minke whales ( Balaenoptera bonaerensis ) and leopard seals ( Hydrurga leptonyx ). The combined sound energy of a group or population vocalizing during extended periods contributed species-specific peaks to the ambient sound spectra. The temporal and spatial variation in the contribution of marine mammals to ambient sound suggests annual patterns in migration and behaviour. The Antarctic blue and fin whale contributions were loudest in austral autumn, whereas the Antarctic minke whale contribution was loudest during austral winter and repeatedly showed a diel pattern that coincided with the diel vertical migration of zooplankton. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Hydrurga leptonyx Leopard Seals minke whale Sea ice Southern Ocean DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic Austral Greenwich Hydrurga ENVELOPE(-61.626,-61.626,-64.145,-64.145) Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Oceanography FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences Menze, Sebastian Zitterbart, Daniel P. Opzeeland, Ilse Van Boebel, Olaf Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound" |
topic_facet |
Oceanography FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology FOS Biological sciences |
description |
This paper describes the natural variability of ambient sound in the Southern Ocean, an acoustically pristine marine mammal habitat. Over a 3-year period, two autonomous recorders were moored along the Greenwich meridian to collect underwater passive acoustic data. Ambient sound levels were strongly affected by the annual variation of the sea-ice cover, which decouples local wind speed and sound levels during austral winter. With increasing sea-ice concentration, area and thickness, sound levels decreased while the contribution of distant sources increased. Marine mammal sounds formed a substantial part of the overall acoustic environment, comprising calls produced by Antarctic blue whales ( Balaenoptera musculus intermedia ), fin whales ( Balaenoptera physalus ), Antarctic minke whales ( Balaenoptera bonaerensis ) and leopard seals ( Hydrurga leptonyx ). The combined sound energy of a group or population vocalizing during extended periods contributed species-specific peaks to the ambient sound spectra. The temporal and spatial variation in the contribution of marine mammals to ambient sound suggests annual patterns in migration and behaviour. The Antarctic blue and fin whale contributions were loudest in austral autumn, whereas the Antarctic minke whale contribution was loudest during austral winter and repeatedly showed a diel pattern that coincided with the diel vertical migration of zooplankton. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Menze, Sebastian Zitterbart, Daniel P. Opzeeland, Ilse Van Boebel, Olaf |
author_facet |
Menze, Sebastian Zitterbart, Daniel P. Opzeeland, Ilse Van Boebel, Olaf |
author_sort |
Menze, Sebastian |
title |
Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound" |
title_short |
Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound" |
title_full |
Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound" |
title_fullStr |
Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound" |
title_full_unstemmed |
Supplementary material from "The influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on Southern Ocean ambient sound" |
title_sort |
supplementary material from "the influence of sea ice, wind speed and marine mammals on southern ocean ambient sound" |
publisher |
Figshare |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Supplementary_material_from_The_influence_of_sea_ice_wind_speed_and_marine_mammals_on_Southern_Ocean_ambient_sound_/3647729/1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-61.626,-61.626,-64.145,-64.145) |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral Greenwich Hydrurga Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral Greenwich Hydrurga Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Hydrurga leptonyx Leopard Seals minke whale Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis Balaenoptera musculus Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Hydrurga leptonyx Leopard Seals minke whale Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160370 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729 |
op_rights |
CC BY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729.v1 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160370 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3647729 |
_version_ |
1766266201173917696 |