Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway
Abstract Background The population size of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is depleted relative to historical abundance levels. In Svalbard, centuries of over-exploitation brought the walrus herds to the verge of extinction, and such bottlenecks may have caused loss of genetic variati...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102.v1 2023-05-15T15:44:50+02:00 Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway Lindqvist, Charlotte Tilottama Roy Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz 2016 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Genetic_diversity_of_historical_Atlantic_walruses_Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus_from_Bj_rn_ya_and_H_ya_Tusen_yane_Svalbard_Norway/3632102/1 unknown Figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102 CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 CC-BY Genetics FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Collection article 2016 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Abstract Background The population size of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is depleted relative to historical abundance levels. In Svalbard, centuries of over-exploitation brought the walrus herds to the verge of extinction, and such bottlenecks may have caused loss of genetic variation. To address this for Svalbard walruses, mitochondrial haplotypes of historical walruses from two major haul-out sites, Bjørnøya and Håøya, within the Archipelago were explored using bone samples from animals killed during the peak period of harvesting. Results Using ancient DNA methodologies, the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene, the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene, and the control region (CR) were targeted for 15 specimens from Bjørnøya (of which five were entirely negative) and 9 specimens from Håøya (of which one was entirely negative). While ND1 and COI sequences were obtained for only a few samples, the CR delivered the most comprehensive data set, and the average genetic distance among historic Svalbard samples was 0.0028 (SD = 0.0023). Conclusions The CR sequences from the historical samples appear to be nested among contemporary Atlantic walruses, and no distinct mitochondrial haplogroups were identified in the historical samples that may have been lost during the periods of extensive hunting. However, given the low sample size and poor phylogenetic resolution it cannot be excluded that such haplogroups existed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Bjørnøya Odobenus rosmarus Svalbard Tusenøyane walrus* DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Svalbard Norway Bjørnøya ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-68.151,-68.151) Tusenøyane ENVELOPE(22.084,22.084,77.106,77.106) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Genetics FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Genetics FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences Lindqvist, Charlotte Tilottama Roy Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
topic_facet |
Genetics FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
description |
Abstract Background The population size of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is depleted relative to historical abundance levels. In Svalbard, centuries of over-exploitation brought the walrus herds to the verge of extinction, and such bottlenecks may have caused loss of genetic variation. To address this for Svalbard walruses, mitochondrial haplotypes of historical walruses from two major haul-out sites, Bjørnøya and Håøya, within the Archipelago were explored using bone samples from animals killed during the peak period of harvesting. Results Using ancient DNA methodologies, the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene, the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene, and the control region (CR) were targeted for 15 specimens from Bjørnøya (of which five were entirely negative) and 9 specimens from Håøya (of which one was entirely negative). While ND1 and COI sequences were obtained for only a few samples, the CR delivered the most comprehensive data set, and the average genetic distance among historic Svalbard samples was 0.0028 (SD = 0.0023). Conclusions The CR sequences from the historical samples appear to be nested among contemporary Atlantic walruses, and no distinct mitochondrial haplogroups were identified in the historical samples that may have been lost during the periods of extensive hunting. However, given the low sample size and poor phylogenetic resolution it cannot be excluded that such haplogroups existed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lindqvist, Charlotte Tilottama Roy Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz |
author_facet |
Lindqvist, Charlotte Tilottama Roy Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz |
author_sort |
Lindqvist, Charlotte |
title |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_short |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_full |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_fullStr |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_sort |
genetic diversity of historical atlantic walruses (odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from bjørnøya and håøya (tusenøyane), svalbard, norway |
publisher |
Figshare |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/Genetic_diversity_of_historical_Atlantic_walruses_Odobenus_rosmarus_rosmarus_from_Bj_rn_ya_and_H_ya_Tusen_yane_Svalbard_Norway/3632102/1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-68.151,-68.151) ENVELOPE(22.084,22.084,77.106,77.106) |
geographic |
Svalbard Norway Bjørnøya Tusenøyane |
geographic_facet |
Svalbard Norway Bjørnøya Tusenøyane |
genre |
Bjørnøya Odobenus rosmarus Svalbard Tusenøyane walrus* |
genre_facet |
Bjørnøya Odobenus rosmarus Svalbard Tusenøyane walrus* |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102 |
op_rights |
CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102.v1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3632102 |
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1766379194678247424 |