SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER
We investigated the relative roles of natural factors and shoreline harvest leading to recent declines of the black leather chiton (Katharina tunicata) on the outer Kenai Peninsula, Alaska (USA). This intertidal mollusk is a strongly interacting grazer and a culturally important subsistence fishery...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819.v1 2023-05-15T13:21:22+02:00 SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER Salomon, Anne K. Tanape, Nick M. Huntington, Henry P. 2016 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/SERIAL_DEPLETION_OF_MARINE_INVERTEBRATES_LEADS_TO_THE_DECLINE_OF_A_STRONGLY_INTERACTING_GRAZER/3293819/1 unknown Figshare https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1369.1 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819 CC-BY http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us CC-BY Environmental Science Ecology FOS Biological sciences Collection article 2016 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819.v1 https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1369.1 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z We investigated the relative roles of natural factors and shoreline harvest leading to recent declines of the black leather chiton (Katharina tunicata) on the outer Kenai Peninsula, Alaska (USA). This intertidal mollusk is a strongly interacting grazer and a culturally important subsistence fishery for Sugpiaq (Chugach Alutiiq) natives. We took multiple approaches to determine causes of decline. Field surveys examined the significant predictors of Katharina density and biomass across 11 sites varying in harvest pressure, and an integrated analysis of archaeological faunal remains, historical records, traditional ecological knowledge, and contemporary subsistence invertebrate landings examined changes in subsistence practices through time. Strong evidence suggests that current spatial variation in Katharina density and biomass is driven by both human exploitation and sea otter (Enhydra lutris) predation. Traditional knowledge, calibrated by subsistence harvest data, further revealed that several benthic marine invertebrates (sea urchin, crab, clams, and cockles) have declined serially beginning in the 1960s, with reduced densities and sizes of Katharina being the most recent. The timing of these declines was coincident with changes in human behavior (from semi-nomadic to increasingly permanent settlement patterns, improved extractive technologies, regional commercial crustacean exploitation, the erosion of culturally based season and size restrictions) and with the reestablishment of sea otters. We propose that a spatial concentration in shoreline collection pressure through time, increased harvest efficiency, and the serial depletion of alternative marine invertebrate prey have led to intensified per capita predator impacts on Katharina and thus its recent localized decline. Article in Journal/Newspaper alutiiq sugpiaq Alaska DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Environmental Science Ecology FOS Biological sciences |
spellingShingle |
Environmental Science Ecology FOS Biological sciences Salomon, Anne K. Tanape, Nick M. Huntington, Henry P. SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER |
topic_facet |
Environmental Science Ecology FOS Biological sciences |
description |
We investigated the relative roles of natural factors and shoreline harvest leading to recent declines of the black leather chiton (Katharina tunicata) on the outer Kenai Peninsula, Alaska (USA). This intertidal mollusk is a strongly interacting grazer and a culturally important subsistence fishery for Sugpiaq (Chugach Alutiiq) natives. We took multiple approaches to determine causes of decline. Field surveys examined the significant predictors of Katharina density and biomass across 11 sites varying in harvest pressure, and an integrated analysis of archaeological faunal remains, historical records, traditional ecological knowledge, and contemporary subsistence invertebrate landings examined changes in subsistence practices through time. Strong evidence suggests that current spatial variation in Katharina density and biomass is driven by both human exploitation and sea otter (Enhydra lutris) predation. Traditional knowledge, calibrated by subsistence harvest data, further revealed that several benthic marine invertebrates (sea urchin, crab, clams, and cockles) have declined serially beginning in the 1960s, with reduced densities and sizes of Katharina being the most recent. The timing of these declines was coincident with changes in human behavior (from semi-nomadic to increasingly permanent settlement patterns, improved extractive technologies, regional commercial crustacean exploitation, the erosion of culturally based season and size restrictions) and with the reestablishment of sea otters. We propose that a spatial concentration in shoreline collection pressure through time, increased harvest efficiency, and the serial depletion of alternative marine invertebrate prey have led to intensified per capita predator impacts on Katharina and thus its recent localized decline. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Salomon, Anne K. Tanape, Nick M. Huntington, Henry P. |
author_facet |
Salomon, Anne K. Tanape, Nick M. Huntington, Henry P. |
author_sort |
Salomon, Anne K. |
title |
SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER |
title_short |
SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER |
title_full |
SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER |
title_fullStr |
SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER |
title_full_unstemmed |
SERIAL DEPLETION OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES LEADS TO THE DECLINE OF A STRONGLY INTERACTING GRAZER |
title_sort |
serial depletion of marine invertebrates leads to the decline of a strongly interacting grazer |
publisher |
Figshare |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819.v1 https://figshare.com/collections/SERIAL_DEPLETION_OF_MARINE_INVERTEBRATES_LEADS_TO_THE_DECLINE_OF_A_STRONGLY_INTERACTING_GRAZER/3293819/1 |
genre |
alutiiq sugpiaq Alaska |
genre_facet |
alutiiq sugpiaq Alaska |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1369.1 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819 |
op_rights |
CC-BY http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819.v1 https://doi.org/10.1890/06-1369.1 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3293819 |
_version_ |
1766358920395227136 |