ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears
Life-history theory predicts that females' age and size affect the level of maternal investment in current reproduction, balanced against the future reproductive effort, maintenance and survival. Using long-term (30 years) individual data on 193 female polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ), we assess...
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The Royal Society
2019
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Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7967330 https://rs.figshare.com/articles/ESM_1_Age_estimation_reliability_ESM_2_Correlations_between_explanatory_variables_ESM_3_Preliminary_analyses_ESM_4_Estimated_probability_of_having_1_2_or_3_cubs_from_How_many_cubs_can_a_mum_nurse_Maternal_age_and_size_influence_litter_size_in_polar_bears/7967330 |
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.7967330 2023-05-15T18:42:25+02:00 ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears Folio, Dorinda Marie Aars, Jon Gimenez, Olivier Derocher, Andrew E. Wiig, Øystein Cubaynes, Sarah 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7967330 https://rs.figshare.com/articles/ESM_1_Age_estimation_reliability_ESM_2_Correlations_between_explanatory_variables_ESM_3_Preliminary_analyses_ESM_4_Estimated_probability_of_having_1_2_or_3_cubs_from_How_many_cubs_can_a_mum_nurse_Maternal_age_and_size_influence_litter_size_in_polar_bears/7967330 unknown The Royal Society https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0070 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences Ecology Text article-journal Journal contribution ScholarlyArticle 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7967330 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0070 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Life-history theory predicts that females' age and size affect the level of maternal investment in current reproduction, balanced against the future reproductive effort, maintenance and survival. Using long-term (30 years) individual data on 193 female polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ), we assessed age- and size-specific variation on litter size. Litter size varied with maternal age, younger females had higher chances of losing a cub during their first months of life. Results suggest an improvement of reproductive abilities early in life due to experience with subsequent reproductive senescence. Litter size increased with maternal size, indicating that size may reflect individual quality. We also found an optimum in the probability of having twins, suggesting stabilizing selection on female body size. Heterogeneity was observed among the largest females, suggesting that large size comes at a cost. Text Ursus maritimus DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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Open Polar |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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language |
unknown |
topic |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences Ecology |
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Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences Ecology Folio, Dorinda Marie Aars, Jon Gimenez, Olivier Derocher, Andrew E. Wiig, Øystein Cubaynes, Sarah ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears |
topic_facet |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences Ecology |
description |
Life-history theory predicts that females' age and size affect the level of maternal investment in current reproduction, balanced against the future reproductive effort, maintenance and survival. Using long-term (30 years) individual data on 193 female polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ), we assessed age- and size-specific variation on litter size. Litter size varied with maternal age, younger females had higher chances of losing a cub during their first months of life. Results suggest an improvement of reproductive abilities early in life due to experience with subsequent reproductive senescence. Litter size increased with maternal size, indicating that size may reflect individual quality. We also found an optimum in the probability of having twins, suggesting stabilizing selection on female body size. Heterogeneity was observed among the largest females, suggesting that large size comes at a cost. |
format |
Text |
author |
Folio, Dorinda Marie Aars, Jon Gimenez, Olivier Derocher, Andrew E. Wiig, Øystein Cubaynes, Sarah |
author_facet |
Folio, Dorinda Marie Aars, Jon Gimenez, Olivier Derocher, Andrew E. Wiig, Øystein Cubaynes, Sarah |
author_sort |
Folio, Dorinda Marie |
title |
ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears |
title_short |
ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears |
title_full |
ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears |
title_fullStr |
ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears |
title_full_unstemmed |
ESM 1: Age estimation reliability; ESM 2: Correlations between explanatory variables; ESM 3: Preliminary analyses; ESM 4: Estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from How many cubs can a mum nurse? Maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears |
title_sort |
esm 1: age estimation reliability; esm 2: correlations between explanatory variables; esm 3: preliminary analyses; esm 4: estimated probability of having 1, 2 or 3 cubs from how many cubs can a mum nurse? maternal age and size influence litter size in polar bears |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7967330 https://rs.figshare.com/articles/ESM_1_Age_estimation_reliability_ESM_2_Correlations_between_explanatory_variables_ESM_3_Preliminary_analyses_ESM_4_Estimated_probability_of_having_1_2_or_3_cubs_from_How_many_cubs_can_a_mum_nurse_Maternal_age_and_size_influence_litter_size_in_polar_bears/7967330 |
genre |
Ursus maritimus |
genre_facet |
Ursus maritimus |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0070 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7967330 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0070 |
_version_ |
1766232078383316992 |