Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids
The extreme and constant cold of the Southern Ocean has led to many unusual features of the Antarctic fauna. One of these, polar gigantism, is thought to have arisen from a combination of cold-driven low metabolic rates and high oxygen availability in the polar oceans (the ‘oxygen–temperature hypoth...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Text |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
The Royal Society
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915.v1 https://rs.figshare.com/articles/Supplementary_Material_from_Polar_gigantism_and_the_oxygen_temperature_hypothesis_a_test_of_upper_thermal_limits_to_body_size_in_Antarctic_pycnogonids/7892915/1 |
id |
ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915.v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915.v1 2023-05-15T13:59:19+02:00 Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids Shishido, Caitlin M. H. Arthur Woods Lane, Steven J. Toh, Ming Wei A. Tobalske, Bret W. Moran, Amy L. 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915.v1 https://rs.figshare.com/articles/Supplementary_Material_from_Polar_gigantism_and_the_oxygen_temperature_hypothesis_a_test_of_upper_thermal_limits_to_body_size_in_Antarctic_pycnogonids/7892915/1 unknown The Royal Society https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0124 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology Text article-journal Journal contribution ScholarlyArticle 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915.v1 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0124 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z The extreme and constant cold of the Southern Ocean has led to many unusual features of the Antarctic fauna. One of these, polar gigantism, is thought to have arisen from a combination of cold-driven low metabolic rates and high oxygen availability in the polar oceans (the ‘oxygen–temperature hypothesis'). If the oxygen–temperature hypothesis indeed underlies polar gigantism, then polar giants may be particularly susceptible to warming temperatures. We tested the effects of temperature on performance using two genera of giant Antarctic sea spiders (Pycnogonida), Colossendeis and Ammothea , across a range of body sizes. We tested performance at four temperatures spanning ambient (−1.8°C) to 9°C. Individuals from both genera were highly sensitive to elevated temperature, but we found no evidence that large-bodied pycnogonids were more affected by elevated temperatures than small individuals; thus, these results do not support the predictions of the oxygen–temperature hypothesis. When we compared two species, C. megalonyx and A. glacialis , C. megalonyx maintained performance at considerably higher temperatures. Analysis of the cuticle showed that as body size increases, porosity increases as well, especially in C. megalonyx , which may compensate for the increasing metabolic demand and longer diffusion distances of larger animals by facilitating diffusive oxygen supply. Text Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology |
spellingShingle |
Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology Shishido, Caitlin M. H. Arthur Woods Lane, Steven J. Toh, Ming Wei A. Tobalske, Bret W. Moran, Amy L. Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids |
topic_facet |
Physiology FOS Biological sciences Ecology |
description |
The extreme and constant cold of the Southern Ocean has led to many unusual features of the Antarctic fauna. One of these, polar gigantism, is thought to have arisen from a combination of cold-driven low metabolic rates and high oxygen availability in the polar oceans (the ‘oxygen–temperature hypothesis'). If the oxygen–temperature hypothesis indeed underlies polar gigantism, then polar giants may be particularly susceptible to warming temperatures. We tested the effects of temperature on performance using two genera of giant Antarctic sea spiders (Pycnogonida), Colossendeis and Ammothea , across a range of body sizes. We tested performance at four temperatures spanning ambient (−1.8°C) to 9°C. Individuals from both genera were highly sensitive to elevated temperature, but we found no evidence that large-bodied pycnogonids were more affected by elevated temperatures than small individuals; thus, these results do not support the predictions of the oxygen–temperature hypothesis. When we compared two species, C. megalonyx and A. glacialis , C. megalonyx maintained performance at considerably higher temperatures. Analysis of the cuticle showed that as body size increases, porosity increases as well, especially in C. megalonyx , which may compensate for the increasing metabolic demand and longer diffusion distances of larger animals by facilitating diffusive oxygen supply. |
format |
Text |
author |
Shishido, Caitlin M. H. Arthur Woods Lane, Steven J. Toh, Ming Wei A. Tobalske, Bret W. Moran, Amy L. |
author_facet |
Shishido, Caitlin M. H. Arthur Woods Lane, Steven J. Toh, Ming Wei A. Tobalske, Bret W. Moran, Amy L. |
author_sort |
Shishido, Caitlin M. |
title |
Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids |
title_short |
Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids |
title_full |
Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids |
title_fullStr |
Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Supplementary Material from Polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in Antarctic pycnogonids |
title_sort |
supplementary material from polar gigantism and the oxygen–temperature hypothesis: a test of upper thermal limits to body size in antarctic pycnogonids |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915.v1 https://rs.figshare.com/articles/Supplementary_Material_from_Polar_gigantism_and_the_oxygen_temperature_hypothesis_a_test_of_upper_thermal_limits_to_body_size_in_Antarctic_pycnogonids/7892915/1 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0124 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915.v1 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0124 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7892915 |
_version_ |
1766267859622690816 |