The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults
A series of linear to arcuate fault scarps separate the Mount Lofty Ranges from the Cenozoic St Vincent and Murray basins of South Australia. Their tectonic, sedimentary and geomorphic evolution is traced from the oldest rock record through to present-day seismicity. The scarps are the latest manife...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.7654415 2023-05-15T16:41:40+02:00 The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults W. V. Preiss 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7654415 https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/The_tectonic_history_of_Adelaide_s_scarp-forming_faults/7654415 unknown Taylor & Francis https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2018.1546228 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences Sociology FOS Sociology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences dataset Dataset 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7654415 https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2018.1546228 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z A series of linear to arcuate fault scarps separate the Mount Lofty Ranges from the Cenozoic St Vincent and Murray basins of South Australia. Their tectonic, sedimentary and geomorphic evolution is traced from the oldest rock record through to present-day seismicity. The scarps are the latest manifestation of repeated compressive reactivation of ancient, deep-seated crustal faults and fractures whenever the stress field was of appropriate orientation. Formation of the basins and uplift of the ranges resulted from the same processes of repeated compressive reactivation. Continental crust was intensely fractured during three episodes of Neoproterozoic–Cambrian rifting that led to the formation of the Adelaide Geosyncline and break-up of Rodinia. Neoproterozoic eastward-dipping, listric extensional faults provided accommodation space for deposition of the Burra Group. Sediments of the Umberatana and Wilpena groups were deposited under mainly sag-phase conditions. In the early Cambrian, new extensional faults formed the deeply subsident Kanmantoo Trough. Cambrian rift faults swung from east–west on Kangaroo Island through northeasterly on Fleurieu Peninsula to north–south in the easten Mount Lofty Ranges, cutting across the older meridional rifts. These two sets of extensional faults were reactivated as basement-rooted thrusts in the ensuing Delamerian Orogeny. The Willunga Fault originated as a Cambrian rift fault and was reactivated in the Delamerian Orogeny as a thrust dipping southeast under a regional basement-cored antiform on southern Fleurieu Peninsula. Much of southern Australia, including the eroded remnants of the Delamerian highlands, was covered by a continental ice sheet in the Carboniferous–Permian. The preferential preservation of glacial sediments on Fleurieu Peninsula may have resulted from extensional reactivation of the Willunga Fault, possibly in the early Mesozoic. Fleurieu Peninsula was then warped into an open, southwest-plunging antiform, spatially coincident with the much higher amplitude Delamerian antiform. Glacial sediments were eroded from uplifted (up-plunge) areas before formation of a ‘summit surface’ across deeply weathered bedrock and preserved glacial sediments in the later Mesozoic. This surface was covered with fluvial to lacustrine sediments in the middle Eocene. Neotectonic movements under a renewed compressive regime commenced with reactivation of the Willunga Fault, restricting subsequent Eocene to Miocene sedimentation to the St Vincent Basin. The Willunga scarp was onlapped in the Oligocene–Miocene concomitant with continuing uplift and formation of a hanging-wall antiform. In the late Cenozoic, repeated faulting and mild folding, angular unconformities, ferruginisation and proximal coarse sedimentation took place on various faults at different times until the late Pleistocene. Dataset Ice Sheet DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Kangaroo Island ENVELOPE(-97.260,-97.260,59.910,59.910) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences Sociology FOS Sociology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences Sociology FOS Sociology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences W. V. Preiss The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults |
topic_facet |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Physical sciences Sociology FOS Sociology 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
description |
A series of linear to arcuate fault scarps separate the Mount Lofty Ranges from the Cenozoic St Vincent and Murray basins of South Australia. Their tectonic, sedimentary and geomorphic evolution is traced from the oldest rock record through to present-day seismicity. The scarps are the latest manifestation of repeated compressive reactivation of ancient, deep-seated crustal faults and fractures whenever the stress field was of appropriate orientation. Formation of the basins and uplift of the ranges resulted from the same processes of repeated compressive reactivation. Continental crust was intensely fractured during three episodes of Neoproterozoic–Cambrian rifting that led to the formation of the Adelaide Geosyncline and break-up of Rodinia. Neoproterozoic eastward-dipping, listric extensional faults provided accommodation space for deposition of the Burra Group. Sediments of the Umberatana and Wilpena groups were deposited under mainly sag-phase conditions. In the early Cambrian, new extensional faults formed the deeply subsident Kanmantoo Trough. Cambrian rift faults swung from east–west on Kangaroo Island through northeasterly on Fleurieu Peninsula to north–south in the easten Mount Lofty Ranges, cutting across the older meridional rifts. These two sets of extensional faults were reactivated as basement-rooted thrusts in the ensuing Delamerian Orogeny. The Willunga Fault originated as a Cambrian rift fault and was reactivated in the Delamerian Orogeny as a thrust dipping southeast under a regional basement-cored antiform on southern Fleurieu Peninsula. Much of southern Australia, including the eroded remnants of the Delamerian highlands, was covered by a continental ice sheet in the Carboniferous–Permian. The preferential preservation of glacial sediments on Fleurieu Peninsula may have resulted from extensional reactivation of the Willunga Fault, possibly in the early Mesozoic. Fleurieu Peninsula was then warped into an open, southwest-plunging antiform, spatially coincident with the much higher amplitude Delamerian antiform. Glacial sediments were eroded from uplifted (up-plunge) areas before formation of a ‘summit surface’ across deeply weathered bedrock and preserved glacial sediments in the later Mesozoic. This surface was covered with fluvial to lacustrine sediments in the middle Eocene. Neotectonic movements under a renewed compressive regime commenced with reactivation of the Willunga Fault, restricting subsequent Eocene to Miocene sedimentation to the St Vincent Basin. The Willunga scarp was onlapped in the Oligocene–Miocene concomitant with continuing uplift and formation of a hanging-wall antiform. In the late Cenozoic, repeated faulting and mild folding, angular unconformities, ferruginisation and proximal coarse sedimentation took place on various faults at different times until the late Pleistocene. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
W. V. Preiss |
author_facet |
W. V. Preiss |
author_sort |
W. V. Preiss |
title |
The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults |
title_short |
The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults |
title_full |
The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults |
title_fullStr |
The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults |
title_full_unstemmed |
The tectonic history of Adelaide’s scarp-forming faults |
title_sort |
tectonic history of adelaide’s scarp-forming faults |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7654415 https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/The_tectonic_history_of_Adelaide_s_scarp-forming_faults/7654415 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-97.260,-97.260,59.910,59.910) |
geographic |
Kangaroo Island |
geographic_facet |
Kangaroo Island |
genre |
Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2018.1546228 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7654415 https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2018.1546228 |
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1766032118972940288 |