Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean
We report new age determinations and compositions for rocks from 18 dredge hauls collected from eight submarine areas across Central Kerguelen Plateau (CKP). Sea knolls and volcanic fields with multiple small cones were targeted over a ∼125 000 km 2 region that includes Heard and McDonald Islands. L...
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2016
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920.v1 2023-05-15T16:33:54+02:00 Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean R. A. Duncan T. J. Falloon P. G. Quilty M. F. Coffin 2016 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920.v1 https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Widespread_Neogene_volcanism_on_Central_Kerguelen_Plateau_Southern_Indian_Ocean/3859920/1 unknown Taylor & Francis https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2016.1221857 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology Science Policy Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences dataset Dataset 2016 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920.v1 https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2016.1221857 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z We report new age determinations and compositions for rocks from 18 dredge hauls collected from eight submarine areas across Central Kerguelen Plateau (CKP). Sea knolls and volcanic fields with multiple small cones were targeted over a ∼125 000 km 2 region that includes Heard and McDonald Islands. Large early Miocene (22–16 Ma) sea knolls rise from the western margin of the CKP and are part of a NNW–SSE line of volcanic centres that lie between Îles Kerguelen and Heard and McDonald Islands. These are probably related to hotspot activity now underlying the Heard Island area. We see evidence of much younger activity (5 Ma to present) in volcanic fields to the north of, and up to 300 km NE of, Heard Island. Compositions include basanite, basalt and trachybasalt, which are broadly similar to plateau lava flows from nearby Ocean Drilling Program Site 1138, lower Miocene lavas at Îles Kerguelen, dredged rocks from the early Miocene sea knolls, and Big Ben lavas from Heard Island. Geochemical data indicate decreasing fractions of mantle source melting with time. We propose that a broad region of the CKP became volcanically active in Neogene time owing to incubation of plume material at the base of the relatively stationary overlying plateau. The presence of pre-existing crustal faults gave access for melts from the Heard mantle plume to rise to the surface. Dataset Heard Island McDonald Islands DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Big Ben ENVELOPE(73.525,73.525,-53.108,-53.108) Heard ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) Heard Island Heard Island ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) Îles Kerguelen ENVELOPE(69.167,69.167,-49.250,-49.250) Indian Kerguelen McDonald Islands ENVELOPE(72.600,72.600,-53.033,-53.033) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology Science Policy Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
spellingShingle |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology Science Policy Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences R. A. Duncan T. J. Falloon P. G. Quilty M. F. Coffin Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean |
topic_facet |
Evolutionary Biology FOS Biological sciences 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified FOS Earth and related environmental sciences Ecology Science Policy Inorganic Chemistry FOS Chemical sciences |
description |
We report new age determinations and compositions for rocks from 18 dredge hauls collected from eight submarine areas across Central Kerguelen Plateau (CKP). Sea knolls and volcanic fields with multiple small cones were targeted over a ∼125 000 km 2 region that includes Heard and McDonald Islands. Large early Miocene (22–16 Ma) sea knolls rise from the western margin of the CKP and are part of a NNW–SSE line of volcanic centres that lie between Îles Kerguelen and Heard and McDonald Islands. These are probably related to hotspot activity now underlying the Heard Island area. We see evidence of much younger activity (5 Ma to present) in volcanic fields to the north of, and up to 300 km NE of, Heard Island. Compositions include basanite, basalt and trachybasalt, which are broadly similar to plateau lava flows from nearby Ocean Drilling Program Site 1138, lower Miocene lavas at Îles Kerguelen, dredged rocks from the early Miocene sea knolls, and Big Ben lavas from Heard Island. Geochemical data indicate decreasing fractions of mantle source melting with time. We propose that a broad region of the CKP became volcanically active in Neogene time owing to incubation of plume material at the base of the relatively stationary overlying plateau. The presence of pre-existing crustal faults gave access for melts from the Heard mantle plume to rise to the surface. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
R. A. Duncan T. J. Falloon P. G. Quilty M. F. Coffin |
author_facet |
R. A. Duncan T. J. Falloon P. G. Quilty M. F. Coffin |
author_sort |
R. A. Duncan |
title |
Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean |
title_short |
Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean |
title_full |
Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Widespread Neogene volcanism on Central Kerguelen Plateau, Southern Indian Ocean |
title_sort |
widespread neogene volcanism on central kerguelen plateau, southern indian ocean |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920.v1 https://tandf.figshare.com/articles/dataset/Widespread_Neogene_volcanism_on_Central_Kerguelen_Plateau_Southern_Indian_Ocean/3859920/1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(73.525,73.525,-53.108,-53.108) ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) ENVELOPE(69.167,69.167,-49.250,-49.250) ENVELOPE(72.600,72.600,-53.033,-53.033) |
geographic |
Big Ben Heard Heard Island Heard Island Îles Kerguelen Indian Kerguelen McDonald Islands |
geographic_facet |
Big Ben Heard Heard Island Heard Island Îles Kerguelen Indian Kerguelen McDonald Islands |
genre |
Heard Island McDonald Islands |
genre_facet |
Heard Island McDonald Islands |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2016.1221857 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920.v1 https://doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2016.1221857 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3859920 |
_version_ |
1766023631733784576 |