Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios
Figure 2. Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios. The ensemble median (lines), quartiles (darker shading) and range (lighter shading) are displayed for aragonite saturation thresholds (Ωa crit ) of...
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ftdatacite:10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453.v1 2023-05-15T17:51:49+02:00 Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios K L Ricke J C Orr K Schneider K Caldeira 2013 https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453.v1 https://iop.figshare.com/articles/figure/_Percentage_of_coral_reefs_surrounded_by_open_ocean_waters_above_aragonite_saturation_thresholds_as_/1011453/1 unknown IOP Publishing https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 CC-BY Environmental Science Image Figure graphic ImageObject 2013 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453.v1 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Figure 2. Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios. The ensemble median (lines), quartiles (darker shading) and range (lighter shading) are displayed for aragonite saturation thresholds (Ωa crit ) of 3.5, 3.25 and 3. Panels show RCP emissions scenarios (a) 8.5, (b) 4.5 and (c) 2.6. The future of coral reefs depends on both future emissions trajectories and the sensitivity of reefs to changes in Ωa. Abstract Coral reefs are among the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world. Today they are threatened by numerous stressors, including warming ocean waters and coastal pollution. Here we focus on the implications of ocean acidification for the open ocean chemistry surrounding coral reefs, as estimated from earth system models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5). We project risks to reefs in the context of three potential aragonite saturation (Ωa) thresholds. We find that in preindustrial times, 99.9% of reefs adjacent to open ocean in the CMIP5 ensemble were located in regions with Ωa > 3.5. Under a business-as-usual scenario (RCP 8.5), every coral reef considered will be surrounded by water with Ωa 2 emissions abatement, the Ωa threshold for reefs is critical to projecting their fate. Our results indicate that to maintain a majority of reefs surrounded by waters with Ωa > 3.5 to the end of the century, very aggressive reductions in emissions are required. The spread of Ωa projections across models in the CMIP5 ensemble is narrow, justifying a high level of confidence in these results. Still Image Ocean acidification DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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Environmental Science |
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Environmental Science K L Ricke J C Orr K Schneider K Caldeira Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios |
topic_facet |
Environmental Science |
description |
Figure 2. Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios. The ensemble median (lines), quartiles (darker shading) and range (lighter shading) are displayed for aragonite saturation thresholds (Ωa crit ) of 3.5, 3.25 and 3. Panels show RCP emissions scenarios (a) 8.5, (b) 4.5 and (c) 2.6. The future of coral reefs depends on both future emissions trajectories and the sensitivity of reefs to changes in Ωa. Abstract Coral reefs are among the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world. Today they are threatened by numerous stressors, including warming ocean waters and coastal pollution. Here we focus on the implications of ocean acidification for the open ocean chemistry surrounding coral reefs, as estimated from earth system models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (CMIP5). We project risks to reefs in the context of three potential aragonite saturation (Ωa) thresholds. We find that in preindustrial times, 99.9% of reefs adjacent to open ocean in the CMIP5 ensemble were located in regions with Ωa > 3.5. Under a business-as-usual scenario (RCP 8.5), every coral reef considered will be surrounded by water with Ωa 2 emissions abatement, the Ωa threshold for reefs is critical to projecting their fate. Our results indicate that to maintain a majority of reefs surrounded by waters with Ωa > 3.5 to the end of the century, very aggressive reductions in emissions are required. The spread of Ωa projections across models in the CMIP5 ensemble is narrow, justifying a high level of confidence in these results. |
format |
Still Image |
author |
K L Ricke J C Orr K Schneider K Caldeira |
author_facet |
K L Ricke J C Orr K Schneider K Caldeira |
author_sort |
K L Ricke |
title |
Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios |
title_short |
Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios |
title_full |
Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios |
title_fullStr |
Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios |
title_full_unstemmed |
Percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three RCP scenarios |
title_sort |
percentage of coral reefs surrounded by open ocean waters above aragonite saturation thresholds as a function of time in three rcp scenarios |
publisher |
IOP Publishing |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453.v1 https://iop.figshare.com/articles/figure/_Percentage_of_coral_reefs_surrounded_by_open_ocean_waters_above_aragonite_saturation_thresholds_as_/1011453/1 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453 |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453.v1 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1011453 |
_version_ |
1766159076415242240 |