Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations
Measurements of the pollution trace gases ethane (C2H6), ethyne (C2H2), formic acid (HCOOH), and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) were performed in the North Atlantic upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UTLS) region with the airborne limb imager GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imagi...
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ftdatacite:10.5445/ir/1000133403 2023-05-15T17:32:37+02:00 Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations Wetzel, Gerald Friedl-Vallon, Felix Glatthor, Norbert Grooß, Jens-Uwe Gulde, Thomas Höpfner, Michael Johansson, Sören Khosrawi, Farahnaz Kirner, Oliver Kleinert, Anne Kretschmer, Erik Maucher, Guido Nordmeyer, Hans Oelhaf, Hermann Orphal, Johannes Piesch, Christof Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin Ungermann, Jörn Vogel, Bärbel 2021 https://dx.doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133403 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000133403 en eng European Geosciences Union (EGU) Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de CC-BY Text article-journal Journal Article ScholarlyArticle 2021 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133403 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Measurements of the pollution trace gases ethane (C2H6), ethyne (C2H2), formic acid (HCOOH), and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) were performed in the North Atlantic upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UTLS) region with the airborne limb imager GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere) with high spatial resolution down to cloud top. Observations were made during flights with the German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude and LOng Range Research Aircraft) in the frame of the WISE (Wave-driven ISentropic Exchange) campaign, which was carried out in autumn 2017 from Shannon (Ireland) and Oberpfaffenhofen (Germany). Enhanced volume mixing ratios (VMRs) of up to 2.2 ppbv C2H6, 0.2 ppbv C2H2, 0.9 ppbv HCOOH, and 0.4 ppbv PAN were detected during the flight on 13 September 2017 in the upper troposphere and around the tropopause above the British Isles. Elevated quantities of PAN were measured even in the lowermost stratosphere (locally up to 14 km), likely reflecting the fact that this molecule has the longest lifetime of the four species discussed herein. Backward trajectory calculations as well as global three-dimensional Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) simulations with artificial tracers of air mass origin have shown that the main sources of the observed pollutant species are forest fires in North America and anthropogenic pollution in South Asia and Southeast Asia uplifted and moved within the Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) circulation system. After release from the AMA, these species or their precursor substances are transported by strong tropospheric winds over large distances, depending on their particular atmospheric lifetime of up to months. Observations are compared to simulations with the atmospheric models EMAC (ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry) and CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service). These models are qualitatively able to reproduce the measured VMR enhancements but underestimate the absolute amount of the increase. Increasing the emissions in EMAC by a factor of 2 reduces the disagreement between simulated and measured results and illustrates the importance of the quality of emission databases used in chemical models. Text North Atlantic DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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English |
description |
Measurements of the pollution trace gases ethane (C2H6), ethyne (C2H2), formic acid (HCOOH), and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) were performed in the North Atlantic upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UTLS) region with the airborne limb imager GLORIA (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere) with high spatial resolution down to cloud top. Observations were made during flights with the German research aircraft HALO (High Altitude and LOng Range Research Aircraft) in the frame of the WISE (Wave-driven ISentropic Exchange) campaign, which was carried out in autumn 2017 from Shannon (Ireland) and Oberpfaffenhofen (Germany). Enhanced volume mixing ratios (VMRs) of up to 2.2 ppbv C2H6, 0.2 ppbv C2H2, 0.9 ppbv HCOOH, and 0.4 ppbv PAN were detected during the flight on 13 September 2017 in the upper troposphere and around the tropopause above the British Isles. Elevated quantities of PAN were measured even in the lowermost stratosphere (locally up to 14 km), likely reflecting the fact that this molecule has the longest lifetime of the four species discussed herein. Backward trajectory calculations as well as global three-dimensional Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) simulations with artificial tracers of air mass origin have shown that the main sources of the observed pollutant species are forest fires in North America and anthropogenic pollution in South Asia and Southeast Asia uplifted and moved within the Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) circulation system. After release from the AMA, these species or their precursor substances are transported by strong tropospheric winds over large distances, depending on their particular atmospheric lifetime of up to months. Observations are compared to simulations with the atmospheric models EMAC (ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry) and CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service). These models are qualitatively able to reproduce the measured VMR enhancements but underestimate the absolute amount of the increase. Increasing the emissions in EMAC by a factor of 2 reduces the disagreement between simulated and measured results and illustrates the importance of the quality of emission databases used in chemical models. |
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author |
Wetzel, Gerald Friedl-Vallon, Felix Glatthor, Norbert Grooß, Jens-Uwe Gulde, Thomas Höpfner, Michael Johansson, Sören Khosrawi, Farahnaz Kirner, Oliver Kleinert, Anne Kretschmer, Erik Maucher, Guido Nordmeyer, Hans Oelhaf, Hermann Orphal, Johannes Piesch, Christof Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin Ungermann, Jörn Vogel, Bärbel |
spellingShingle |
Wetzel, Gerald Friedl-Vallon, Felix Glatthor, Norbert Grooß, Jens-Uwe Gulde, Thomas Höpfner, Michael Johansson, Sören Khosrawi, Farahnaz Kirner, Oliver Kleinert, Anne Kretschmer, Erik Maucher, Guido Nordmeyer, Hans Oelhaf, Hermann Orphal, Johannes Piesch, Christof Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin Ungermann, Jörn Vogel, Bärbel Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations |
author_facet |
Wetzel, Gerald Friedl-Vallon, Felix Glatthor, Norbert Grooß, Jens-Uwe Gulde, Thomas Höpfner, Michael Johansson, Sören Khosrawi, Farahnaz Kirner, Oliver Kleinert, Anne Kretschmer, Erik Maucher, Guido Nordmeyer, Hans Oelhaf, Hermann Orphal, Johannes Piesch, Christof Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin Ungermann, Jörn Vogel, Bärbel |
author_sort |
Wetzel, Gerald |
title |
Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations |
title_short |
Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations |
title_full |
Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations |
title_fullStr |
Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pollution trace gases C₂H₆, C₂H₂, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations |
title_sort |
pollution trace gases c₂h₆, c₂h₂, hcooh, and pan in the north atlantic utls: observations and simulations |
publisher |
European Geosciences Union (EGU) |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133403 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000133403 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133403 |
_version_ |
1766130816572719104 |