Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion
Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion during winter and spring at high latitudes (e.g., the Antarctic ozone hole). PSC particles provide sites for heterogeneous reactions that convert stable chlorine reservoir species to radicals that destroy ozone c...
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2021
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ftdatacite:10.5445/ir/1000133401 2023-05-15T13:54:59+02:00 Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion Tritscher, I. Pitts, M. C. Poole, L. R. Alexander, S. P. Cairo, F. Chipperfield, M. P. Grooß, J.‐U. Höpfner, M. Lambert, A. Luo, B. P. Molleker, S. Orr, A. Salawitch, R. Snels, M. Spang, R. Woiwode, W. Peter, T. 2021 PDF https://dx.doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133401 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000133401 en eng John Wiley and Sons Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de CC-BY Text article-journal Journal Article ScholarlyArticle 2021 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133401 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion during winter and spring at high latitudes (e.g., the Antarctic ozone hole). PSC particles provide sites for heterogeneous reactions that convert stable chlorine reservoir species to radicals that destroy ozone catalytically. PSCs also prolong ozone depletion by delaying chlorine deactivation through the removal of gas-phase HNO$_{3}$ and H$_{2}$O by sedimentation of large nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) and ice particles. Contemporary observations by the spaceborne instruments Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) have provided an unprecedented polar vortex-wide climatological view of PSC occurrence and composition in both hemispheres. These data have spurred advances in our understanding of PSC formation and related dynamical processes, especially the firm evidence of widespread heterogeneous nucleation of both NAT and ice PSC particles, perhaps on nuclei of meteoritic origin. Heterogeneous chlorine activation appears to be well understood. Reaction coefficients on/in liquid droplets have been measured accurately, and while uncertainties remain for reactions on solid NAT and ice particles, they are considered relatively unimportant since under most conditions chlorine activation occurs on/in liquid droplets. There have been notable advances in the ability of chemical transport and chemistry-climate models to reproduce PSC temporal/spatial distributions and composition observed from space. Continued spaceborne PSC observations will facilitate further improvements in the representation of PSC processes in global models and enable more accurate projections of the evolution of polar ozone and the global ozone layer as climate changes. Text Antarc* Antarctic DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic The Antarctic |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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ftdatacite |
language |
English |
description |
Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) play important roles in stratospheric ozone depletion during winter and spring at high latitudes (e.g., the Antarctic ozone hole). PSC particles provide sites for heterogeneous reactions that convert stable chlorine reservoir species to radicals that destroy ozone catalytically. PSCs also prolong ozone depletion by delaying chlorine deactivation through the removal of gas-phase HNO$_{3}$ and H$_{2}$O by sedimentation of large nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) and ice particles. Contemporary observations by the spaceborne instruments Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) have provided an unprecedented polar vortex-wide climatological view of PSC occurrence and composition in both hemispheres. These data have spurred advances in our understanding of PSC formation and related dynamical processes, especially the firm evidence of widespread heterogeneous nucleation of both NAT and ice PSC particles, perhaps on nuclei of meteoritic origin. Heterogeneous chlorine activation appears to be well understood. Reaction coefficients on/in liquid droplets have been measured accurately, and while uncertainties remain for reactions on solid NAT and ice particles, they are considered relatively unimportant since under most conditions chlorine activation occurs on/in liquid droplets. There have been notable advances in the ability of chemical transport and chemistry-climate models to reproduce PSC temporal/spatial distributions and composition observed from space. Continued spaceborne PSC observations will facilitate further improvements in the representation of PSC processes in global models and enable more accurate projections of the evolution of polar ozone and the global ozone layer as climate changes. |
format |
Text |
author |
Tritscher, I. Pitts, M. C. Poole, L. R. Alexander, S. P. Cairo, F. Chipperfield, M. P. Grooß, J.‐U. Höpfner, M. Lambert, A. Luo, B. P. Molleker, S. Orr, A. Salawitch, R. Snels, M. Spang, R. Woiwode, W. Peter, T. |
spellingShingle |
Tritscher, I. Pitts, M. C. Poole, L. R. Alexander, S. P. Cairo, F. Chipperfield, M. P. Grooß, J.‐U. Höpfner, M. Lambert, A. Luo, B. P. Molleker, S. Orr, A. Salawitch, R. Snels, M. Spang, R. Woiwode, W. Peter, T. Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion |
author_facet |
Tritscher, I. Pitts, M. C. Poole, L. R. Alexander, S. P. Cairo, F. Chipperfield, M. P. Grooß, J.‐U. Höpfner, M. Lambert, A. Luo, B. P. Molleker, S. Orr, A. Salawitch, R. Snels, M. Spang, R. Woiwode, W. Peter, T. |
author_sort |
Tritscher, I. |
title |
Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion |
title_short |
Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion |
title_full |
Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion |
title_fullStr |
Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polar Stratospheric Clouds Satellite Observations, Processes, and Role in Ozone Depletion |
title_sort |
polar stratospheric clouds satellite observations, processes, and role in ozone depletion |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133401 https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000133401 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_rights |
Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000133401 |
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1766261186618195968 |