Neozavrelia cuneipennis Edwards, comb. nov.

• Main Author: Ekrem, Torbjørn
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2006
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Chironomidae; Neozavrelia; Neozavrelia cuneipennis; Norway; Seta; Combs; Tovdalen; Fennoscandia
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6256375; https://zenodo.org/record/6256375

Neozavrelia cuneipennis (Edwards) comb. nov. (Figs. 1–16) Tanytarsus ( Stempellina ) cuneipennis Edwards, 1929: 421. Holotype female (BMNH 235922) ENGLAND, Hertfordshire, Letchworth vii. 1917, F. W. Edwards [examined]. Stempellina cuneipennis (Edwards, 1929) Goetghebuer (1937–1954): Key, morphology. Stempellinella cuneipennis (Edwards, 1929) Saether & Spies (2004), Ashe & Cranston (1990): Catalogues. Neozavrelia longappendiculata Albu, 1980: 290. Type material: 13 males syntypes, ROMANIA, Mures county, Sovata, in forest, 24.vii. 1955 [not examined]. Syn. nov. Additional material examined: 1 male (ZSM) GERMANY, Bavaria, Murnauer Moos, Fügsee, 2.vii. 1979, F. Reiss; 1 lex, 3 pex, 1 LP(female) as previous, except Torfstich 6, 11.vii. 1979 & 18.vii. 1979; 1 male (VM, To 331) as previous, except 47 ° 37.769 ’N 11 ° 11.111 ’E, 27.vii. 2005, T. Ekrem; 1 pex (ZSM), Bavaria, Osterseen, Lustsee, 27.vi. 1990, N. Reiff; 1 female (ZMUH), 5 pex (ZSM) FINLAND, Punkasalmi, Akonniemi, Kortteenoja, 17.v. 1973 & 15.vi. 1973, B. Lindeberg. Diagnostic characters Neozavrelia cuneipennis can be separated from other Neozavrelia species by the following combination of characters. Adult male with few setae on wing; long parallel anal tergite bands which reach base of anal point; anal point rectangular with serrated apical margin and few spinulae; superior volsella with pointed, medially directed apex; digitus long, thin, extending to or slightly beyond median margin of superior volsella; median volsella with thin stem, numerous thin, simple lamellae. Adult female with four antennal flagellomeres; AR 0.40; vaginal floor small, but clearly visible along anterior margin of vagina; spermathecal ducts longer than notum and rami combined; rami shorter than notum; diameter of seminal capsules lower than length of notum; cerci with strong apical seta. Pupa with frontal seta present; cephalic tubercles absent; thoracic horn absent; extensive fields of shagreen around point patches on TII–VI; anal lobe without taeniate setae, but sometimes with 1–3 long, posteriorly directed chaetae on posterior margin; female genital sheaths with lateral elongation. Larva with AR slightly higher than 1.0; Lauterborn organs small, on pedicels with pigmented basal band, barely reaching apex of antenna; premandible with 3 teeth. Male (n = 2, unless otherwise stated) Total length c. 1.6 mm; wing length 1.00 mm, width 0.28 mm, length/width 3.57. Colouration: Head pale brownish with dark pedicels, eyes and antennae; thorax with pale brown ground colour, dark brown scutal stripes, postnotum, preepisternum, median anepisternum and scutellum; halteres whitish; abdomen pale brownish. Head: Width c. 300 µm; eyes without dorsomedian elongation, bare, distance between eyes c. 200 µm; frontal tubercle absent; antenna with 13 flagellomeres of which only 10 are easily discernible; AR (on 10 flagellomeres) 0.43–0.59; lengths of palpomeres (in µm): 21; 30–33; 78–89; 66–67; 100–126. Clypeus about 54 µm long with 9 setae; tentorium c. 75 µm long, 15 µm wide; stipes c. 90 µm long, 4 µm wide; 3 inner verticals, 3 outer verticals, 3 postorbitals. Thorax: Scutal tubercle absent; acrostichals 13 –17, 15; dorsocentrals 6 –9, 7; humerals 1 –3, 2; prealars 1–2; scutellars 6 –11, 9; halterals 5 –9, 7. Wing (Fig. 1): Cuneiform; VR 1.17; wing setation on veins and in cells sparse. Legs: Fore tibia with 15–25 µm long spur; mid tibia with well separated, 7–10 µm long combs, each with c. 20 µm long spur; hind tibia with well separated 9–15 µm long combs, each with 17–25 µm long spur; mid tarsus 1 without sensilla chaetica; pulvilli absent. Lengths and ratios of leg segments in Table 2. TABLE 2. Lengths and ratios of leg segments of Neozavrelia cuneipennis (Edwards) male (n= 3). femur tibia ta 1 ta 2 ta 3 ta 4 p 1 432–490, 452 274–280, 276 370–420, 390 220–245, 230 165–190, 174 120 p 2 418–500, 448 355–390, 370 156–190, 172 90 –100, 93 65 –80, 70 39 –55, 46 p 3 435–535, 475 440–520, 467 230–265, 245 153–175, 161 140–165, 149 90 –110, 99 ta 5 LR BV SV BR 67 –90, 77 1.32–1.52, 1.41 1.84–1.87, 1.86 1.82–1.93, 1.87 4.0 39 –45, 41 0.43–0.49, 0.46 3.86–4.01, 3.94 4.59–5.02, 4.76 4.3 –5.0 60 –90, 70 0.51–0.54, 0.53 2.44–2.52, 2.48 3.73–3.98, 3.84 5.0– 5.3 femur tibia ta 1 ta 2 ta 3 ta 4 ta 5 LR BV SV BR p 1 342 270 370 ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ p 2 389 374 151 72 54 29 36 0.40 4.76 5.05 4.3 p 3 400 450 220 126 108 50 50 0.49 3.20 3.86 4.0 Hypopygium (Fig. 2): Anal tergite 84–88 µm long with long, posteriorly bent anal tergite bands which reach base of anal point; 4–6 median tergite setae, 1 lateral seta, 4–6 apical setae; anal point 18–22 µm long, basally 9–10 µm broad, distally 12 µm broad with rectangular and serrated apical margin; 3–4 small spinulae in a shallow groove; large microtrichia­free areas present around base of anal point and along median parts of anal tergite bands. Gonocoxite 100–108 µm long; gonostylus 75–84 µm long; HR 1.29–1.33. Superior volsella oval with apical, posteromedially directed point, 4–6 dorsal and 3 median setae on setiger, otherwise bare; digitus present, reaching median margin of superior volsella, or slightly beyond; median volsella 22 µm long, posteromedially directed, stem straight with fan of simple 25 µm long lamellae, some of which are curved distally; inferior volsella c. 70 µm long, almost straight, with several distal setae on a slightly enlarged, dorsally directed apex. Female (n = 2) Total length 1.5 mm; wing length 1.01–1.02 mm. Coloration: Olive green ground colour; head brownish; thorax with dark brown scutal stripes, postnotum and preepisternum, scutellum brown; legs brown. Head: Eyes without dorsomedian elongation; frontal tubercle minute white dots; antenna (Fig. 4) with 4 flagellomeres; AR 0.40–0.44; lengths of palpomeres (in µm): 22; 25–30; 60–65; 60–61; 75–97. Clypeus about 54 µm long with 8–10 setae; tentorium 64–75 µm long, 10 µm wide; 2–3 inner verticals, 3 outer verticals, 4 postorbitals. Thorax: Scutal tubercle absent; acrostichals 11–12; dorsocentrals 5; humerals 2; prealars 1; scutellars 4–6; halterals 4–5. Wing (Fig. 3): Cuneiform, 3.2 times longer than broad; VR 1.25–1.30; wing setation as in Fig. 3, Sc with 0–1 seta, Cu with 0–10 and M 3 + 4 with 0–11 setae. Legs: Fore tibia with 22 µm long spur; mid and hind tibiae with well separated, 11 –14, 12 µm long combs, mid tibial combs with 25 and 18 µm long spurs, hind tibial combs with 32 and 22 µm long spurs; mid tarsus 1 with 4–5 sensilla chaetica; pulvilli absent. Lengths and ratios of leg segments in Table 3. Genitalia (Figs 5–6): Tergite IX semi­circular, 54–60 µm long; sternite VIII with 45– 60 setae, of which 6–7 are placed on vaginal floor; vaginal floor small, but clearly visible along anterior and lateral margins of vagina; gonapophysis VIII undivided with long posteromedially directed microtrichia on inner lobe; gonocoxite with 3–4 setae; gonocoxapodeme strongly curved, median end anteriorly directed, reaching lateral margin of vagina; coxosternapodeme well developed with obvious anterior and posterior lobes. Notum including rami 126–137 µm long, notum alone 75–90 µm long. Seminal capsules ovoid, diameter 45–50 µm with spermathecal ducts longer than notum and rami combined. Cerci 50 µm long with strong apical seta. Postgenital plate triangular. Pupa (n = 5, unless otherwise stated) Total length 1.8–2.4, 2.1 mm; abdomen 1.3–1.8, 1.6 mm long. Coloration of pupal exuviae brownish with pale abdomen except for dark lateral margins on abdominal segments VII–VIII and anal lobe. Cephalothorax (Figs 7–8): Cephalic tubercle absent; frontal setae simple, 54 –63, 59 µm long; pedicel sheath tubercle absent. Thoracic horn absent; precorneals simple, arranged in a small triangle, all three placed at about equal distance from each other, anterior precorneal 60 –75, 64 µm long, slightly longer than middle and posterior precorneals (45–50 µm long); median antepronotal simple, 45 –75, 60 µm long; 2 lateral antepronotals: 1 simple 15 –25, 18 µm long, 1 sensillum basiconicum; 2 pairs of fine dorsocentrals, anterior pair c. 45 µm long, posterior pair c. 35 µm long. A few granules present along median suture line. Prealar tubercle absent; nose of wing sheath well developed. Abdomen (Figs 9–10): TII–VI with obvious, anterior, circular point patches, median points stronger than lateral points; TII–VI with extensive shagreenation, often arranged in rows; TII with hook row 130–210, 162 µm wide with 50 –75, 65 hooks. Segment II with pedes spurii B; pedes spurii A absent. Lateral setae all simple; segment II with 3 D, 2 V, 3 L setae; segment III with 3–5 D, 3 V, 3 L setae; segment IV with 4 D, 3– 4 V, 3 L setae; segments V–VII with 4 D, 4 V, 3 L setae; segment VIII with 1–2 D, 1 V, 1–2 L setae; segment IX with 0–2 D setae, no taeniate setae in anal fringe, but 0–3 elongate chaetae on posterior margin (Fig. 10). 1 pair of O­setae present anteriorly on tergites II–VIII and anterolaterally on sternites II–VIII. Pleura III–V with fields of shagreen. Posterolateral comb on segment VIII 15 –24, 20 µm wide with 4–5 apical teeth. Larva (n = 2) Total or head capsule length not measurable, but case 3–4 mm long. Head capsule brown, somewhat darker postoccipital rim and teeth on mandible and mentum. Head (Figs 11–16): Antenna (Fig. 11). AR 1.03–1.13; antennal pedestal 15 µm long without spur; antennal segment two well sclerotized in basal half only, otherwise all segments well sclerotized; segment lengths (in µm): 38–45; 12; 12–15; 10; 3; segment three inserted apically on segment two; AAR 0.33–0.39. Antennal seta placed at half length of segment one; antennal blade 30–33 µm long, reaching tip of antennal segment three; peg of antennal segment two placed apically on segment. Lauterborn organs small cones, 8 µm long; both organs on 24 µm long pedicels apically on antennal segment two, pedicels with pigmented bands on basal half; SI short, plumose; SII on short pedestal, with few distal spinules (Fig. 12); chaetae and chaetulae pectinate, S 3 simple; pecten epipharyngis consist of three serrated scales; labral lamella with 20 teeth. Premandible (Fig. 13) with 2 broad teeth and a lateral spine, small brush. Mandible (Fig. 14) with pecten mandibularis well developed, seta subdentalis 30 µm long, 1 spine on mola. Maxilla (Fig. 15) with 2 well developed lacinial chaetae, a small palp and well developed chaetulae of palpiger. Mentum (Fig. 16) with 9 teeth, median tooth without lateral notches, somewhat paler, all lateral teeth set in equal distance to each other, becoming gradually smaller laterally; ventromental plates broad, thin, medially almost touching, MVR 0.86– 0.91; postoccipital plate (Fig. 16) narrow, not split. Body: Anterior parapods with long, simple spines; posterior parapods with 16 simple hooks; L 2 not observable; 4 large anal tubules 120 µm long; supraanal seta 81–84 µm long; procercus c. 30 µm long with 4 short (135–180 µm long) and 3 long (270–350 µm long) anal setae. Case: Larvae live in transportable, straight cases which are slightly enlarged at the anterior end. Case material is a mixture of coarse and fine detritus. Remarks Neozavrelia cuneipennis is known from the British Isles, central Europe and Fennoscandia. In Finland and Germany, the species was found in the same sample as Zavrelia pentatoma , indicating that these species share a larval habitat in peat pits and mire pools. In southern Norway, the species is recorded from the littoral of lakes and rivers of the Tovdalen catchment (G. A. Halvorsen pers. comm., 2005). : Published as part of Ekrem, Torbjørn, 2006, A redescription of Neozavrelia cuneipennis (Edwards) comb. nov., with a checklist of Neozavrelia species of the world (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 1153 on pages 5-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.172205 : {"references": ["Edwards, F. W. (1929) British non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 77, 279 - 430.", "Goetghebuer, M. (1937 - 1954) 13 c. Tendipedidae (Chironomidae). b) Subfamilie Tendipedinae (Chironominae). A. Die Imagines. In: Lindner, E. (Ed.), Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region. E. 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