Filellum Hincks 1868

• Main Authors: Marques, Antonio C., Peña, Álvaro L., Miranda, Thaís P., Migotto, Alvaro E.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2011
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Cnidaria; Hydrozoa; Leptothecata; Lafoeidae; Filellum; Arctic; Antarctic; White Sea; Greenland; Norway; New Zealand; Wittenberg; Tromso; Cornwall; Fuller; Medusa; Griffith; Manan; Briggs; Hastings; Volk; Pena; Bory; McCoy; Cornish; LeBlanc; Champignons; Saint-Vincent; Kendrick; Alvaro; Thalia; Sovetskaya; Yelcho; False Bay; Ritchie; Antarc*; Antarctica; Archipelago; North Atlantic; Northern Norway; Alaska
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6190980; https://zenodo.org/record/6190980

Genus Filellum Hincks, 1868 Capsularia : Gray 1848: 151 (in part); Naumov 1960: 280; Naumov 1969: 303 [non Capsularia Cuvier, 1798: 665 = Coryne Gaertner, in Pallas, 1774; after Lamouroux et al. 1824: 224; Bedot 1901: 434, 437; Cornelius 1975: 378]. ? Conchella Gray, 1848: 88 [discussion in Cornelius & Calder 1986: 338; Cornelius 1995: 253; Calder 1991: 35]. Coppinia Hassall, 1848: 2223 [discussion in Cornelius & Calder 1986: 335–337; Calder 1991: 35]. Reticularia Thomson, 1853: 443; Ralph 1958: 311; Rees and Thursfield 1965: 85 –88 (in part) [preoccupied by a name for a brachiopod described by McCoy, in Griffith 1844; after Vervoort 1972: 50; Cornelius 1975: 378; Calder 1991: 35 – Stechow 1923: 144 considered Reticularia as a mollusk]. Halia Hincks, 1855: 128 [preoccupied by a name for a gastropod described by Risso 1826; after Stechow 1923: 144 (quoting Scudder 1882, Nomenclator Zoologicus: 152); Calder 1991: 35; Cornelius 1995: 253]. Thalia L. Agassiz, 1862: 355 [incorrect subsequent spelling of Halia Hincks, 1855, after Bedot 1910: 308]. Filellum Hincks, 1868: 214; Nutting 1901: 179; 1905: 946; Stechow 1913 b: 44; Stechow 1923: 137 (comparative table of lafoeid genera), 144–145; Naumov 1960: 280; Naumov 1969: 303; Vervoort 1972: 50; Cornelius 1975: 378; Millard 1975: 175; Cornelius and Calder 1986: 335 –339; Calder 1991: 35 –36; Cornelius 1995: 253; Hirohito 1995: 110; Peña Cantero et al. 1998: 298 –299; Vervoort and Watson 2003: 57. Fillelum Billard, 1906: 166 [incorrect subsequent spelling]. Grammaria : Vervoort 1946: 194 (in part) cf. Hirohito 1995: 110 [not Grammaria Stimpson, 1854]. Corystolona Watson, 2002: 333 –334. Type species. Campanularia serpens Hassall, 1848, by monotypy in Hincks (1868: 214). Description. Lafoeidae with young and adult colonies stolonal; hydrorhiza filiform, branched, creeping on substratum. Hydrorhizal stolons giving rise directly to hydrothecae. Hydrothecae tubular, sessile; basal portion adherent to substratum, usually parallel to hydrorhizal stolon; distal free portion directed upwards at varying degrees and extension. Hydranth long, one distal whorl of filiform tentacles; hypostome short, dome-shaped. Hydrothecal diaphragm, hydrothecal operculum, nematothecae and nematophores absent. Gonophores as fixed sporosacs, in gonothecae forming coppiniae. Gonothecae either closely set, with lateral walls juxtaposed each other, or weakly aggregated, gonothecae being isolated. Coppinia with or without defensive tubes (modified hydrothecae). Cnidome consisting basically of heterotrichous microbasic mastigophores and/or microbasic euryteles. Distribution. Based on literature, some species of Filellum are distributed worldwide, usually epibiotic on other hydroids (Cornelius & Calder 1986: 335; Cornelius 1995: 253). Remarks. Several generic names were proposed prior to Filellum Hincks, 1868, but they were dismissed either by ICZN decision or because they were preoccupied (ICZN 1999, art. 60). The nomenclatural history of the group may be found in Stechow (1923: 144–145), Vervoort (1972: 50), Cornelius (1975: 378), Cornelius and Calder (1986: 335–341), Calder (1991: 35–36), and Peña Cantero et al. (1998: 299). A summary of the nomenclatural issues is given below. Conchella Gray, 1848 and Coppinia Hassall, 1848 are two generic names used in specific combinations of taxa presently referred to the generic name Filellum . The identification of the type species of Conchella , Campanularia intertexta Couch, 1844, whose type specimen is not existent (see Couch, 1844: 41–42), is doubtful. The species may refer to Filellum serpens (Hassall, 1848), Lafoea dumosa (Fleming, 1820), Orthopyxis integra (Macgillivray, 1842), or even to all of them (Cornelius & Calder 1986: 338). The last of these three was excluded as type of C. intertexa by designation as lectotype of an illustration by Couch of a specimen having coppiniae (Cornelius 1982: 122). The generic name Conchella was never used subsequently (see Cornelius & Calder 1986). Conversely, the generic name Coppinia Hassall, 1848 was based on a lafoeid reproductive structure that had been confused as a distinct taxon, presently known in the literature as “coppinia”. The type species of the genus, Coppinia mirabilis Hassall, 1848, was eventually found to be the widely known species Filellum serpens (Hassall, 1848), as it is considered today. The generic name Coppinia , although rarely used during the 20 th century, remained valid and threatened the more widely used name Filellum (Cornelius & Calder 1986: 335–336). A case was submitted to the ICZN requesting suppression, for the purposes of the Principle of Priority, of the obscure and infrequently used names Conchella Gray, 1848 and Coppinia Hassall, 1848. In Opinion 1485 (ICZN 1988), both names were placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology. Campanularia serpens Hassall, 1848 was transferred to the genus Reticularia Thomson, 1853 by Totton (1930: 160–161), based on its hypothesized conspecificity with the type species of the genus, Reticularia immersa Thomson, 1853. The generic name Reticularia has been used by a series of authors in combination with many specific names presently referred to Filellum , such as Reticularia annulata Watson, 1973 (Watson 1973: 164); Reticularia antarctica (Hartlaub, 1904) (Totton 1930: 160 –161; Briggs 1938: 26; Rees & Thursfield 1965: 85 –86; Watson 1973: 163 –164); Reticularia serpens (Hassall, 1848) (Hastings 1943: 394; Millard 1957: 203; Rees & Thursfield 1965: 87 –88); and Reticularia serrata (Clarke, 1879) (Ralph 1958: 312; Rees & Thursfield 1965: 86 –87). Hincks (1868) believed that the generic name Reticularia Thomson, 1853 was preoccupied by Reticularia Bulliard, 1791, a name applied to a fungus, and founded Filellum as a replacement for it. Bulliard’s usage of the name is excluded from, and does not become a homonym in, zoological nomenclature (Vervoort 1972: 49; Calder 1991: 35; see ICZN 1999, art. 1.4). However, the name is preoccupied by Reticularia McCoy, in Griffith 1844, a fossil brachiopod. As the oldest available and valid synonym of Reticularia Thomson, 1853, Filellum becomes the name of the genus. The genus name Halia Hincks, 1855, and the binomen Halia praetenuis Hincks, 1855, were applied to what was originally thought to have been a bryozoan. The species was transferred to Hydrozoa by Hincks (1856), who held Halia to be a congener of Reticularia Thomson, 1853. In fact, the name Halia Hincks, 1855 is an invalid junior homonym of the gastropod genus Halia Risso, 1826 (see Calder 1991: 35). The generic name Thalia , as used by L. Agassiz (1862: 355), is a misspelling of Halia as such it does not constitute a threat to Filellum . Within the family Lafoeidae, Filellum was previously considered to be related to Grammaria , either as: (1) the subgenus of Grammaria ( Filellum ) (e.g., Broch 1913, 1928a, 1928 b, 1933; Leloup 1933; Berezina 1948); (2) the genus Filellum ( Grammaria ) (e.g., Leloup 1935); or (3) directly as a junior synonym (e.g., Kramp 1913; Broch 1918; Mathisen 1928; Remane 1933; Leloup 1938, 1947; Vervoort 1942, 1946, 1959; da Cunha 1950; Arndt 1964; Fey 1970; Füller 1970; Castric-Fey 1973). Evidence against this relationship was given by Vervoort (1972: 50), and re-affirmed by Calder (1991: 35). Similarly, the genus Filellum has also incorrectly been considered as including the subgenus Lafoea , such as in the use of Filellum (Lafoea) adhaerens (Stechow 1913 b: 30). Filellum was considered a junior synonym of Capsularia Modeer, 1793 (Cornelius 1975: 378). The generic name was used by Naumov (1960: 280; 1969: 303), probably following Gray (1848: 151, as in the binomen Capsularia serpens ). Capsularia Cuvier, 1798 was considered a synonym of Coryne Gaertner, in Pallas 1774 by Lamouroux et al. (1824: 220, 224), Bedot (1901: 437), Cornelius (1975: 378, who provided the historical account on the case), and Calder (1991: 35–36). Although the genus Filellum is herein described as lacking nematothecae and nematophores, Calder (1991: 35) described the genus with “nematothecae usually absent”. As far as we know, based on all specimens of Filellum we have studied, there is no trace of nematothecae in the members of the genus. As stated above, most authors have based their identifications and descriptions exclusively on characters of the trophosome. Nevertheless, the paramount taxonomical importance of the reproductive structures (coppiniae) is evident, as illustrated by F. disaggregatum and F. serpens (see Peña Cantero et al. 1998), species with indistinguishable trophosome, but easily recognized by their coppinia. As already stated, this fact makes unreliable all previous identifications of species of Filellum exclusively based on non-reproductive characters (Peña Cantero et al. 1998: 297). The following species were described as belonging to, or subsequently referred to, the genus Filellum . Nevertheless, to our knowledge, only the species listed in bold belong to Filellum . The remaining species belong to other genera of Lafoeidae ( Grammaria , Lafoea ) or to other phyla. Filellum adnatum (Fraser, 1925) species inquirenda (from Lafoea adnata Fraser, 1925) Filellum adhaerens (Nutting, 1901) (from Lafoea adhaerens Nutting, 1901) Filellum annulatum (Watson, 1973) Filellum antarcticum (Hartlaub, 1904) (from Lafoea antarctica Hartlaub, 1904) Filellum bouvieri Jullien, 1880 species inquirenda (from Filellum Bouvieri Jullien, 1880) Filellum conopeum Watson, 2003 Filellum contortum (Nutting, 1905) species inquirenda (from Lafoea contorta Nutting, 1905) Filellum disaggregatum Peña Cantero et al. , 1998 Filellum expansum Levinsen, 1893 = Folliculina gigantea (Dons, 1910) (Ciliophora), after Dons (1910) and Vannucci (1955) Filellum gabriellae Vannucci, 1949 = Folliculina gigantea (Dons, 1910) (Ciliophora), after Vannucci (1955) Filellum magnificum Peña Cantero et al. , 2004 b Filellum minimum García Corrales et al. , 1979 = Folliculina gigantea (Dons, 1910) (Ciliophora), after Peña Cantero et al. 1998 Filellum nitidum Watson, 2005 Filellum parasiticum (Antsulevich, 1987) (from Lineolaria parasitica Antsulevich, 1987) Filellum plicatum (Hartlaub, 1904) species inquirenda (from Lafoea plicata Hartlaub, 1904) Filellum serpens (Hassall, 1848) (from Campanularia serpens Hassall, 1848) Filellum serratum (Clarke, 1879) (from Lafoea serrata Clarke, 1879) Filellum tubiforme Schydlowsky, 1902 = Filellum serpens (Hassall, 1848) : Published as part of Marques, Antonio C., Peña, Álvaro L., Miranda, Thaís P. & Migotto, Alvaro E., 2011, Revision of the genus Filellum Hincks, 1868 (Lafoeidae, Leptothecata, Hydrozoa), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 3129 on pages 3-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.206783 : {"references": ["Hincks, T. (1868) A history of the British hydroid zoophytes. John van Voorst, London, 338 pp.", "Gray, J. E. (1848) List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part I. Centroniae or radiated animals. British Museum, London, 173 pp.", "Naumov, D. V. (1960) Gidroidi i gidromedusy morskikh, solonovatovodnykh i presnovodnykh basseinov SSSR. Opredeleteli pro faune SSSR, 70, 1 - 626.", "Naumov, D. V. (1969) Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR. Israel Program for Scientific Translation, Jerusalem, 660 pp.", "Cuvier, G. L. C. F. D. (1798) Tableau elementaire de l'histoire naturelle des animaux. Baudouin, Paris, 710 pp.", "Lamouroux, J. V. F., Bory de Saint-Vincent, J. B. G. M. & Deslongchamps, E. (1824) Histoire naturelle des zoophytes ou animaux rayonnes, faisant suite a l'Histoire naturelle des Vers, de Brugiere. In: Didirot, D. & d'Alembert, J. L. R. (Eds), Encyclopedie methodique. Panckoucke, Paris, pp. 1 - 819.", "Bedot, M. (1901) Materiaux pour server a l'histoire des hydroides. 1 re periode. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 9, 379 - 515.", "Cornelius, P. F. S. (1975) A revision of the species of Lafoeidae and Haleciidae (Coelenterata: Hydroida) recorded from Britain and nearby seas. The Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 28, 373 - 426.", "Cornelius, P. F. S. & Calder, D. (1986) Filellum serpens (Hassall, 1848) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): proposed conservation of both generic and specific names. A. N. (S.) 2508. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 43, 335 - 341.", "Cornelius, P. F. S. 1995. North-west European thecate hydroids and their medusae. Part 1. The Linnean Society of London and The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association, Shrewsbury, 346 pp.", "Calder, D. R. (1991) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum, Life Sciences Contributions, 154, 1 - 140.", "Hassall, A. H. (1848) Definitions of three new British zoophytes. Zoologist, 6, 2223.", "Thomson, W. (1853) Notes on some British zoophytes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2 nd series, 11, 442 - 444.", "Ralph, P. M. (1958) New Zealand thecate hydroids. Part II. Families Lafoeidae, Lineolariidae, Haleciidae and Syntheciidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 85, 301 - 356.", "Rees, W. J. & Thursfield, S. (1965) The hydroid collections of James Ritchie. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 69, 34 - 220.", "Vervoort, W. (1972) Hydroids from Theta, Vema and Yelcho cruises of the Lamont-Doherty geological observatory. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 120, 1 - 247.", "Stechow, E. (1923) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. Zoologische Jahrbuche, 47, 29 - 270.", "Hincks, T. (1855) Notes on British zoophytes, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2 nd series, 15, 127 - 130.", "Risso, A. (1826) Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe meridionale et particulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes maritimes. Levrault, Paris, 439 pp.", "Scudder, S. H. (1882) Nomenclator zoologicus. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 19, 1 - 340.", "Agassiz, L. (1862) Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. Little Brown and Company, Boston, 380 pp.", "Bedot, M. (1910) Materiaux pour servir a l'histoire des hydroides. 3 me periode. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 18, 189 - 490.", "Nutting, C. C. (1901) Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. XXI. The hydroids. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 3, 157 - 216.", "Stechow, E. (1913 b) Hydroidpolypen der japanische Ostkuste. II. Teil: Campanularidae, Halecidae, Campanulinidae und Sertularidae, nebst Erganzungen zu den Athecata und Plumularidae. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Klasse der Koniglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 3, 1 - 162.", "Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of Southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513.", "Hirohito, EoJ. (1995) The hydroids of Sagami Bay II. Biological Laboratory Imperial Household, Tokyo, 250 pp.", "Pena Cantero, A. L., Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. & Vervoort, W. (1998) On the species of Filellum Hincks, 1868 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 32, 297 - 315.", "Vervoort, W. & Watson, J. E. (2003) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (Thecate Hydroids). National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), 119, 1 - 538.", "Billard, A. (1906) Mission des pecheries de la cote occidentale d'Afrique. III. Hydroides. Actes de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux, 61, 173 - 180.", "Vervoort, W. (1946) Fauna van Nederland. Hydrozoa (CI). A. Hydropolypen. A. W. Sijthoff's Uitgeversmaatschappij N. V., Leiden, 336 pp.", "Stimpson, W. (1854) Synopsis of the marine Invertebrata of Grand Manan; or the region about the mouth of the Bay of Fundy. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, 6, 1 - 67.", "Watson, J. E. (2002) Corystolona, a new hydroid genus (Leptolida: Leptothecatae) from southern Australia. Memoirs of the Museum Victoria, 59, 333 - 336.", "Couch, R. Q. (1844) A Cornish fauna; being a compendium of the natural history of the county. Part III containing the zoophytes and calcareous corallines. Royal Institution of Cornwall, Truro, 162 pp.", "Fleming, J. (1820) Observations on the natural history of the Sertularia gelatinosa of Pallas. Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, 2, 82 - 89.", "MacGillivray, J. (1842) Catalogue of the marine zoophytes of the neighbourhood of Aberdeen. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 462 - 469.", "Cornelius, P. F. S. (1982) Hydroids and medusae of the family Campanulariidae recorded from the eastern North Atlantic, with a world synopsis of genera. The Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 42, 37 - 148.", "Totton, A. K. (1930) Coelenterata. Part V. Hydroida. British Antarctic (\" Terra Nova \") Expedition, 1910. Natural History Report, Zoology, 5, 131 - 252.", "Watson, J. E. (1973) Pearson Island Expedition 1969. 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 97 (3), 153 - 200.", "Hartlaub, C. (1904) Hydroiden. Resultats du Voyage du S. Y. Belgica. Zoologie, 7, 1 - 19.", "Briggs, E. A. (1938) Hydroida. Scientific Report of Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911 - 1914, 9, 1 - 46.", "Hastings, A. B. (1943) Polyzoa (Bryozoa). I. Scrupocellariidae, Epistomiidae, Farciminariidae, Bicellariellidae, Aeteidae, Scrupariidae. Discovery Reports, 22, 301 - 510.", "Millard, N. A. H. (1957) The Hydrozoa of False Bay, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 43, 173 - 243.", "Clarke, S. F. (1879) Report on the Hydroida collected during the Exploration of the Gulf Stream and Gulf of Mexico by Alexan- der Agassiz, 1877 - 78. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, in Cambridge, 5, 239 - 252.", "Bulliard, J. B. F. (1791) Histoire des champignons de la France. Leblanc, Paris, 83, 1 - 368.", "Hincks, T. (1856) Note on Reticularia immersa and Halia praetenuis. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2 nd series, 18, 469 - 471.", "Broch, H. (1913) Hydroida from the \" Michael Sars \" North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition 1910, 3, 1 - 18.", "Broch, H. (1928 a) Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostee. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Becker & Erler, Leipizig, 100 pp.", "Broch, H. (1928 b) Die Tierwelt Deutschland und der angrenzenden Meeresteile nach ihren Merkmalen und nach ihrer Lebensweise. Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena, 66 pp.", "Broch, H. (1933) Zur Kenntnis der adriatischen Hydroidenfauna von Split. Arten und Variationen. Skrifer utgitt av det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo, I. Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse, 4, 1 - 115.", "Leloup, E. (1933) Contribution a la connaissance des hydropolypes de la cote des Pays-Bas. Bulletin du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 9, 1 - 30.", "Berezina, N. A. (1948) Opredelitel' fauny I flory severnykh morei SSSR. Sovetskaya Nauka, Otryad Leptolina, Moscow, 19 pp.", "Leloup, E. (1935) Hydraires calyptoblastiques des Indes Occidentales. (Zoologische Ergebnisse einer Reise nach Bonaire, Curacao und Aruba im Jahre 1930, N\u00ba 13). Bulletin du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 2, 1 - 73.", "Kramp, P. L. (1913) Hydroids collected by the \" Tjalfe \" expedition to the west coast of Greenland in 1908 and 1909. Videnskablige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kobenhavn, 66, 1 - 36.", "Broch, H. (1918) Hydroida. The Danish Ingolf-Expedition, 5, 1 - 206.", "Mathisen, O. (1928) Hydroids from northern Norway, with a list of unreported specimens in the Tromso Museum. Tromso Museums Aarshefter, 49, 1 - 40.", "Remane, A. (1933) Verteilung und Organization der benthonischen Mikrofauna der Kieler Bucht. Wissenschaftliches Meeresuntersuchungen, Abteil Kiel, 21, 161 - 221.", "Leloup, E. (1938) Quelques hydropolypes de la baie de Sagami, Japon. Bulletin du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 14, 1 - 22.", "Leloup, E. (1947) Les coelenteres de la faune Belge. Leur bibliographie et leurs distribuition. Bulletin du Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, 107, 1 - 73.", "Vervoort, W. (1942) Northern Hydroida in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam, with notes on their distribution. Zoologische Mededelingen, 23, 275 - 312.", "Vervoort, W. (1959) The Hydroida of the tropical west coast of Africa. Atlantide Report Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the coasts of tropical west Africa 1945 - 1946, 5, 211 - 235.", "da Cunha, A. X. (1950) Nova contribuicao para o estudo dos hidropolipos das costas de Portugal (Colecao do Museu Bocage). Arquivos do Museu Bocage, 21, 121 - 144.", "Arndt, E. A. (1964) Die neue Brehm-Bucherei. Ziemsen-Verlag, Tiere der Ostsee, Lutherstadt Wittenberg, 197 pp.", "Fey, A. (1970) Peuplements sessiles de l'archipel de Glenan. 1. Inventaire: hydraires. Vie et Milieu, 20, 387 - 413.", "Fuller, H. (1970) Exkursionsfauna von Deutschland-Wirbellose I. Ed. 4. Volk & Wissen Volkseigener Verlag, Berlin, 33 pp.", "Castric-Fey, A. (1973) Hydraires et Bryozoaires infralittoraux du plateau continental Sud-armoricain. I. Plateau de Rochebonne et Ile d'Yeu. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 14, 205 - 216.", "Modeer, A. (1793) Inledning till kunskapen om maskkraken i allmanhet; 6 Classen. Vaxtliknande Maskkrak, Phytozoa. Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar, 14, 243 - 260.", "Fraser, C. M. (1925) Some new and previously unreported hydroids, mainly from the Californian coast. University of California Publications in Zoology, 28, 167 - 172.", "Jullien, J. (1880) Description d'une espece nouvelle du genre Filellum. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 5, 290 - 292.", "Nutting, C. C. (1905) Hydroids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23, 931 - 959.", "Levinsen, G. M. R. (1893) Meduser, ctenophorer og hydroider fra Gronlands vestkyst, tilligemed bemaerkninger om hydroidernes systematik. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 5, 143 - 212, 215 - 220.", "Dons, C. (1910) Zoologiske notiser I. Bermerkninger om forveksling av Folliculina med Filellum. Tromso Museums Aarshefter, 31 - 32, 189 - 194.", "Vannucci, M. (1955) On the newly liberated medusa of Obelia hyalina Clarke 1879. Dusenia, 6 (1 - 2), 55 - 60.", "Vannucci, M. (1949) Hydrozoa do Brasil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 99, 219 - 266.", "Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. & Vervoort, W. (2004 b) Antarctic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the families Campanulinidae, Lafoeidae and Campanulariidae from recent Antarctic expeditions with R. V. Polarstern, with the description of a new species. Journal of Natural History, 38, 2269 - 2303.", "Garcia Corrales, P., Buencuerpo Arcas, V. & Peinado de Diego, M. V. (1979) Contribucion al conocimiento de los hidrozoos de las costas espanolas. Parte II: \" Lafoeidae \", \" Campanulinidae \", y \" Syntheciidae \". Boletin del Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, 5, 5 - 39.", "Watson, J. E. (2005) Hydroids of the Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance, Western Australia: Annotated list, redescription of species and description of new species. In: Weills, F. E., Walker, D. I. & Kendrick, G. A. (Eds), The marine flora and fauna of Esperance, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, pp. 495 - 612.", "Antsulevich, A. E. (1987) Gidroidy shel'fa Kuril'skykh ostrovov (Hydroids from the shelf waters of Kurile Islands). Zoologicheskii Institut, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 165 pp.", "Schydlowsky, A. (1902) Materialy po faune gidroidov arkticheskikh morei. I. Gidroidy Belogo morya u beregov Solovetskikh ostrovov (Data on the hydroid fauna of the Arctic Seas I. Hydroids of the White Sea near the Coasts of the Solovetskie Islands). Trudy Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody pri Imperatorskom Khar'kovskom Universitete, 36, 3 - 268."]}