Sternaspis Otto 1821

• Main Author: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2014
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Annelida; Polychaeta; Terebellida; Sternaspidae; Sternaspis; Arctic; Antarctic; Arctic Ocean; Pacific; Indian; New Zealand; Antarctic Ocean; Manan; Malmgren; Hearst; Friederichsen; Antarc*; Iceland
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6137641; https://zenodo.org/record/6137641

Key to species of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Modified after Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja 2013) 1 Ventro-caudal shield fan with a distinct median notch........................................................ 2 - Ventro-caudal shield fan continuous, without distinct median notch............................................. 12 2 (1) Shield with radial ribs and concentric lines distinct........................................................... 3 - Shield with radial ribs distinct, concentric lines barely visible................................................. 10 3 (2) Fan with median notch shallow.......................................................................... 4 – Fan with median notch deep; shields usually with concentric bands.............................................. 5 4 (3) Shield with distinct concentric bands; main rib and posterior corners directed posteriorly.............................................................................................. S. affinis Stimpson, 1864 (NE Pacific Ocean). - Shield without concentric bands; posterior corners directed laterally......................................................................................... S. scutata (Ranzani, 1817) (Mediterranean Sea and NE Atlantic Ocean). 5 (3) Shield with posterior corners distinct in frontal view......................................................... 6 - Shield with posterior corners poorly defined in frontal view.................................................... 7 6 (5) Radial ribs and concentric lines distinct, well defined; body whitish to grayish............................................................................................... S. costata von Marenzeller, 1879 (NW Pacific Ocean). - Radial ribs and concentric lines barely defined; body brownish...................... S. sendalli n. sp. (Antarctic Ocean) 7 (5) Anterior keels usually exposed.......................................................................... 8 - Anterior keels rarely exposed; fan barely projecting posteriorly beyond posterolateral corners......................... 9 8 (7) Shield with anterior corners projecting at least as far as anterior keels, longer in larger specimens; fan margin crenulated in small specimens, dentate in larger ones....................................... S. buzhinskajae n. sp. (Arctic Ocean) - Shield with anterior corners projecting as far as anterior keels; fan margin smooth to crenulated, never dentate................................................................. S. islandica Malmgren, 1867 (NE Atlantic Ocean, Iceland) 9 (7) Introvert and body with similar pigmentation or introvert paler; shield widest medially.............................................................................................. S. fossor Stimpson, 1853 (NW Atlantic Ocean) - Introvert and body with different pigmentation, introvert darker; shield widest anteriorly........................................................................ S. annenkovae Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013 (NW Pacific Ocean) 10 (2) Main ribs markedly divergent; fan as wide as anterior margins or wider............................................................................................ S. maior Chamberlin, 1919 (Eastern Pacific, Gulf of California). - Main ribs moderately divergent; fan half as wide as anterior margins........................................... 11 11 (10) Posterior margin truncate, with lateral notches; ribs well-developed........................................................................................ S. maureri Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013 (Central Eastern Pacific) - Posterior margin with a median notch, lateral notches shallow or indistinct; ribs poorly developed............................................................... S. williamsae Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013 (Northeastern Pacific). 12 (1) Fan margin crenulated, not projected posteriorly............................................................ 13 - Fan margin denticulate, medially projected................................................................ 18 13 (12) Shield with ribs and concentric lines..................................................................... 14 - Shield with ribs; concentric lines indistinct................................................................ 20 14 (13) Shield anterior margins rounded........................................................................ 15 - Shield anterior margins acute........................................... S. spinosa Sluiter, 1882 (Indonesia, Java). 15 (14) Shield with posterior corners distinct..................................................................... 16 - Shield with posterior corners indistinct...................................... S. rietschi Caullery, 1944 (Indonesia). 16 (15) Posterior corners barely projected beyond fan margin; introvert hooks thick, bronze.......................................................................... S. thalassemoides Otto, 1821 (NE Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea). - Posterior corners projected beyond fan margin; introvert hooks thin, golden..................................... 17 17 (16) Anterior keels shorter than anterior margins; fan markedly crenulated...................................................................................... S. thorsoni Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo, 2013 (Indian Ocean, Arabian Gulf). - Anterior keels as long as anterior margins; fan barely crenulated... S. piotrowskiae Salazar-Vallejo, 2014 (Philippine Islands) 18 (12) Fan without lateral notches; body papillae arranged in distinct transverse rows.................................................................................. S. africana Augener, 1918 (Eastern Atlantic Ocean, Ghana to Angola). - Fan with lateral notches; body papillae distributed homogeneously, not arranged in transverse rows................... 19 19 (18) Introvert with about 15 pale hooks per bundle.................................................................................................... S. andamanensis Sendall & Salazar-Vallejo, 2013 (Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea). - Introvert with about 10 dark hooks per bundle....................................................................................................... S. uschakovi Salazar-Vallejo & Buzhinskaja, 2013 (Northern Pacific Ocean) 20 (13) Shield with diagonal rib distinct; shield plates as long as wide. S. princeps Selenka, 1885 (SW Pacific Ocean, New Zealand) - Shield with diagonal rib indistinct; shield plates wider than long..................... S. monroi n. sp. (Antarctic Ocean) : Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., 2014, Three new polar species of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta: Sternaspidae), pp. 333-344 in Zootaxa 3861 (4) on page 342, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3861.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/229219 : {"references": ["Otto, A. G. (1821) Animalium maritimorum nondum editorum genera duo. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlichen Leopoldinisch- Carolinischen Akademie der Naturforscher, 10, 618 - 634, pls. 50 - 51.", "Salazar-Vallejo, S. I. & Buzhinskaja, G. (2013) Six new deep-water sternaspid species (Annelida, Sternaspidae) from the Pacific Ocean. ZooKeys, 348, 1 - 27. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 348.5449", "Stimpson, W. (1864) Descriptions of new species of marine Invertebrata from Puget Sound, collected by the naturalists of the North-west Boundary Commission, A. H. Campbell, Esq., Commissioner. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1864, 153 - 161.", "Ranzani, C. (1817) Descrizione di una nuova specie del genere Thalassema. Opuscoli scientifica, 2, 112. [Oken's Isis 12 - 13 (183), 1457 - 1461, Transl. German with additional comments]", "von Marenzeller, E. (1879) Sudjapanische Anneliden. (Amphinomea, Aphroditea, Lycoridea, Phyllodocea, Hesionea, Syllidea, Eunicea, Glycerea, Sternaspidea, Chaetopterea, Cirratulea, Amphictenea.). Denkschriften der Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 41, 109 - 154, pls. 1 - 6.", "Malmgren, A. J. (1867) Annulata Polychaeta: Spetsbergiae, Groenlandiae, Islandiae et Scandinaviae. Hactenus Cognita. Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 1867 (4), 127 - 235, pls. 2 - 15.", "Stimpson, W. (1853) Synopsis of the marine Invertebrata of Grand Manan: or the Region about the Mouth of the Bay of Fundy. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, 6, 5 - 67.", "Sluiter, C. P. (1882) Ueber einen indischen Sternaspis und seine Verwandschaft zu den Echiuren. Tijdschrift voor Natuurkundig Nederlandsch-lndie, Batavia, 41, 235 - 287, pls. 3.", "Caullery, M. (1944) Polychetes sedentaires de l'Expedition du Siboga: Ariciidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Chlorhaemidae, Opheliidae, Oweniidae, Sabellaridae, Sternaspidae, Amphictenidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae. Siboga-Expeditie, 24 (2 bis), 1 - 204. [Leiden]", "Sendall, K. & Salazar-Vallejo, S. I. (2013) Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae). ZooKeys, 286, 1 - 74. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 286.4438", "Salazar-Vallejo, S. I. (2014) Sternaspis piotrowskiae sp. nov. (Polychaeta: Sternaspidae) from the Philippine Islands. In: Williams, G. C. & Gosliner, T. M. (Eds.), The Coral Triangle: The 2011 Hearst Philippine Biodiversity Expedition. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, pp. 165 - 169.", "Augener, H. (1918) Polychaeta. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas. Vol. 2. Herausgegeben von W. Michaelsen. L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, 559 pp. [pp. 67 - 625, 6 pls.]", "Selenka, E. (1885) Report on the Gephyrea collected by the H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Challenger Reports, Zoology, 13 (part 36), 1 - 25, pls. 1 - 4."]}