Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov.
Paranura reducta sp. nov. Figs 28–37, Tables 5–6 Etymology . The name of the species refers to the strong reduction of its labral chaetotaxy. Diagnosis. Body white. 3 + 3 eyes on head. Tubercles and reticulations not developed. Head with chaetae O, A and E. Head with three ocular chaetae. Thorax I w...
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Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121973 https://zenodo.org/record/6121973 |
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openpolar |
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Entognatha Collembola Neanuridae Paranura Paranura reducta |
spellingShingle |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Entognatha Collembola Neanuridae Paranura Paranura reducta Smolis, Adrian Deharveng, Louis Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. |
topic_facet |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Entognatha Collembola Neanuridae Paranura Paranura reducta |
description |
Paranura reducta sp. nov. Figs 28–37, Tables 5–6 Etymology . The name of the species refers to the strong reduction of its labral chaetotaxy. Diagnosis. Body white. 3 + 3 eyes on head. Tubercles and reticulations not developed. Head with chaetae O, A and E. Head with three ocular chaetae. Thorax I with 2 chaetae De. Thorax II–III with 3 chaetae Di. Thorax II–III with 3 and 4 ordinary chaetae De respectively. Abdomen V with 2 + 2 chaetae Di. Abdomen V slightly longer than VI. Abdomen without clavate chaetae. Furca rudimentary with microchaetae. Male ventral organ present. Tibiotarsi with chaetae M. Description. Habitus typical for Paranura Axelson, 1902 genus. Buccal cone slightly elongated. Body length (without antennae) 0.8–1.7 mm (holotype: 1.05 mm). Colour of body when alive and in alcohol white. Tubercles not detected. Ordinary dorsal chaetae (Figs 28, 37) differentiated into short, thin, acuminate microchaetae, medium size, smooth, acuminate mesochaetae and long, nearly smooth (with denticles visible under large magnification, Fig. 37), relatively thick, acuminate macrochaetae Ml and Mc. No plurichaetosis on body. Head. Antennae distinctly shorter than head (Fig. 28). S-chaetae of ant. IV relatively short and thick, S 1 and S 2 slightly thinner and smaller than others (Fig. 28). Apical bulb distinct and trilobed (Fig. 30). Chaetotaxy of antennae as in Fig. 31 and Tab. 5. Buccal cone relatively long and rounded at apex (Figs 29, 33). Maxilla needlelike, mandible tridentate. Chaetotaxy of labium as in Fig. 32, labial papillae x absent. Labrum chaetotaxy 0/ 2,2 (Fig. 29). Group Vi with 6 + 6 chaetae (Fig. 32). Groups Vea, Vem and Vep with 3–4, 4 and 4 chaetae respectively. Dorsal chaetotaxy of head as in Tab. 5. and Fig. 28. Dorsal chaetotaxy of central area on head complete, with 3 chaetae Oc and chaetae A, B, C, D, E, F, G, O. Line of chaetae Di 2 –De 2 crosses line Di 1 –De 1 on head (cross-type, Deharveng 1983). 3 + 3 relatively large eyes, their diameter about three times as large as the diameter of chaeta Ocm socket (Fig. 28), pigmented in black. Thorax, abdomen, legs. Dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 28 and in Tab. 6. Ventral chaetotaxy as in Tab. 6 and Figs 34, 35. S-chaetae long, nearly equal to nearby macrochaetae (Figs 28, 36). S-chaetae formula of body: 022/ 11111, s-microchaeta on Dl of th. II present. Furcal remnant with 4–6 mesochaetae and 6 minute microchaetae (without chaetopores and visible only under magnification 1000 x, Fig. 34). Male with thick and forked chaetae in groups Ag (abd. V) and Ve (abd. VI) (“ventral male organ”). Claw without internal tooth. Chaeta M present on tibiotarsus, chaetae B 4 and B 5 short. Chaetotaxy of legs as in Tab. 6. Types. Holotype: male on slide, United States of America: Oregon, Blue River Ranger District of Willamette National Forest, neighborhood of H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 7 km North–East of Blue River town, c. 500–650 m above sea level, “Mona Creek” site, valley of Mona Creek, coniferous forest of Tsuga heterophylla Zone, ex decayed log, 26.IX. 2006, leg. A. Smolis. Holotype deposited in DIBEC. Paratypes: 5 females, 2 males and juvenile on slides, same data as holotype. Three paratypes (2 females and male) are housed in MNHN, the others in DIBEC. Other material. Female on slide (DIBEC), USA: Oregon, Blue River Ranger District of Willamette National Forest, neighborhood of H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 6.5 km East of Blue River town, c. 520–550 m above sea level, “Cougar 1 ” site, old-growth forest of Tsuga heterophylla Zone, ex decayed log, 27.IX. 2006, leg. A. Smolis; numerous specimens on slides and in alcohol, 18 km North of McKenzie Bridge town, c. 1450 m above sea level, “Wild cat” site, old-growth forest of Abies amabilis Zone, ex decayed logs, 4.X. 2006, 9.VI. 2009, leg. A. Smolis. Remarks. The new species is most similar to Paranura mjohjangensis Deharveng & Weiner, 1984 (from North Korea) and P. oregonensis sp. nov. , resembling them in having the complete chaetotaxy of central area of head and the same number of eyes, ocular chaetae and chaetae Di on abdomen V. Among these species, Paranura reducta sp. nov. is most diagnostically recognized by labral chaetotaxy, with only 4 chaetae (0/ 2,2; in mjohjangensis, 4 / 5,4; in P. oregonensis sp. nov. 4 / 2, 4). Other characters, in combination, that allow to distinguish P. re d uc t a sp. nov. from these species are: the number of labial lateral chaetae (in P. reducta sp. nov. and P. oregonensis sp. nov. 3 chaetae, in mjohjangensis 4 Fig. 59), number of ordinary chaetae De on abdomen IV (in P. reducta sp. nov. and mjohjangensis 2 chaetae, in P. oregonensis sp. nov. 1 chaeta), microchaetae on furcal remnant (in P. reducta sp. nov. and P. oregonensis sp. nov. present, in mjohjangensis absent). Considering the last character should be mentioned that microchaetae in P. reduct a sp. nov. are very minute and can be overlooked (Figs 34, 35). a) Cephalic chaetotaxy––dorsal side. b) Chaetotaxy of antennae. Terga Legs Di De Dl L Scx 2 Cx Tr Fe TT th. I 1 2 1 – 0 3 6 13 19 th. II 3 3 +s 3 +s+ms 3 2 7 6 12 19 th. III 3 4 +s 3 + s 3 2 8 6 11 18 Sterna abd. I 2 3 + s 2 3 VT: 4 abd. II 2 3 + s 2 3 Ve: 5; Vel present abd. III 2 3 + s 2 4 Ve: 4–5; Fu: 4–6 me, 6 mi abd. IV 2 2 + s 3 7 –10 Vel: 4; Vec: 2; Vei: 2; Vl: 4 abd. V 2 5–6 +s Ag: 3; chaetae L‘ and Vl present abd. VI 7 Ve: 12–14; An: 2 mi Several characters: the presence of 3 + 3 eyes, the complete chaetotaxy of central head area, labral chaetotaxy 0/ 2,2, tubercle De of th. III with 5 chaetae and tubercle Di of abdomen with 2 + 2 chaetae, and rather unusual habitat of the new species (dead coniferous logs) are suggestive of close relationships with P. sitchensis Fjellberg, 1985 (described from Alaska and known also from Vancouver Island, Fjellberg 1985). However, both species are readily distinguished by the following features: the clavate chaetae on two last abdominal segments (absent in P. re du c t a sp. nov. , present in sitchensis ), colour of the body (white in P. reducta sp. nov. , bluish-gray in sitchensis ), the length of tibiotarsal chaetae B 4 and B 5 (short in P. reducta sp. nov. , long in sitchensis ) and number of lateral labial chaetae (three in P. reducta sp. nov. , four in sitchensis ). Considering the differences between both species it should be mentioned that there are only two described species of Paranura with clavate chaetae on abdominal segments V and VI, the mentioned P . sitchensis and P . clavisetis (Axelson, 1902) described from Finland (Europe) and later considered by different authors as a junior synonym of P . sexpunctata . Biology. The species is resident in lower and upper montane (from 500 to 1400 m) conifer forests of both Tsuga heterophylla (Fig. 38) and Abies amabilis Zones (Franklin & Dyreness, 1988). It can be treated as a truly saproxylic species (according to Speight’s definition, Speight 1989) as it was found only in coarse woody debris of coniferous tree species: Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziessi , western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla and noble fir Abies amabilis . Despite intensive field investigations it was not collected from dead wood of deciduous trees and litter/soil samples. : Published as part of Smolis, Adrian & Deharveng, Louis, 2015, Diversity of Paranura Axelson, 1902 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae) in Pacific Region of Russia and United States, pp. 203-236 in Zootaxa 4033 (2) on pages 213-216, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/236706 : {"references": ["Axelson, W. M. (1902) Diagnosen neuer Collembolen aus Finland und angrenzenden Teilen des nordwestlichen Russlands. Meddelanden Societatis pro Fauna & Flora Fennica, 28, 101 - 111.", "Deharveng, L. (1983) Morphologie evolutive des Collemboles Neanurinae en particulier de la lignee Neanurinae. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Ecobiologie des Arthropodes Edaphiques, Toulouse, 4 (2), 1 - 63.", "Deharveng, L. & Weiner, W. M. (1984) Collemboles de Coree du Nord III - Morulinae et Neanurinae. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Ecobiologie des Arthropodes Edaphiques, Toulouse, 4, 1 - 61.", "Fjellberg, A. (1985) Arctic Collembola I. Alaskan Collembola of the families Poduridae, Hypogastruridae, Odontelidae, Brachystomelidae and Neanuridae. Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 21, 126 pp.", "Franklin, J. F. & Dyrness, C. T. (1988) Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Oregon State University Press, 452 pp.", "Speight, M. C. D. (1989) Saproxylic invertebrates and their conservation. Nature and environment series, Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 42, 1 - 82."]} |
format |
Text |
author |
Smolis, Adrian Deharveng, Louis |
author_facet |
Smolis, Adrian Deharveng, Louis |
author_sort |
Smolis, Adrian |
title |
Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. |
title_short |
Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. |
title_full |
Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. |
title_fullStr |
Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. |
title_sort |
paranura reducta smolis & deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121973 https://zenodo.org/record/6121973 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-128.967,-128.967,59.693,59.693) |
geographic |
Arctic Blue River Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Blue River Pacific |
genre |
Arctic Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Alaska |
op_relation |
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op_rights |
Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121973 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.2 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236712 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236717 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236713 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121972 |
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1766351336822013952 |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.6121973 2023-05-15T15:21:00+02:00 Paranura reducta Smolis & Deharveng, 2015, sp. nov. Smolis, Adrian Deharveng, Louis 2015 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121973 https://zenodo.org/record/6121973 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/236706 http://publication.plazi.org/id/C035FFCFFFB1FFABDB7BFFAF683CFFDB http://table.plazi.org/id/E0DA6629FFBDFFA7DBECFF376B14FF74 http://table.plazi.org/id/E0DA6629FFBDFFA7DBECFA236B6CFA78 http://zoobank.org/44006C5D-66C6-4C47-BB80-E29C2778F417 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.2 http://zenodo.org/record/236706 http://publication.plazi.org/id/C035FFCFFFB1FFABDB7BFFAF683CFFDB https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236712 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236717 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236713 http://table.plazi.org/id/E0DA6629FFBDFFA7DBECFF376B14FF74 http://table.plazi.org/id/E0DA6629FFBDFFA7DBECFA236B6CFA78 http://zoobank.org/44006C5D-66C6-4C47-BB80-E29C2778F417 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121972 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Entognatha Collembola Neanuridae Paranura Paranura reducta article-journal ScholarlyArticle Taxonomic treatment Text 2015 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121973 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.2 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236712 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236717 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.236713 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121972 2022-04-01T10:53:02Z Paranura reducta sp. nov. Figs 28–37, Tables 5–6 Etymology . The name of the species refers to the strong reduction of its labral chaetotaxy. Diagnosis. Body white. 3 + 3 eyes on head. Tubercles and reticulations not developed. Head with chaetae O, A and E. Head with three ocular chaetae. Thorax I with 2 chaetae De. Thorax II–III with 3 chaetae Di. Thorax II–III with 3 and 4 ordinary chaetae De respectively. Abdomen V with 2 + 2 chaetae Di. Abdomen V slightly longer than VI. Abdomen without clavate chaetae. Furca rudimentary with microchaetae. Male ventral organ present. Tibiotarsi with chaetae M. Description. Habitus typical for Paranura Axelson, 1902 genus. Buccal cone slightly elongated. Body length (without antennae) 0.8–1.7 mm (holotype: 1.05 mm). Colour of body when alive and in alcohol white. Tubercles not detected. Ordinary dorsal chaetae (Figs 28, 37) differentiated into short, thin, acuminate microchaetae, medium size, smooth, acuminate mesochaetae and long, nearly smooth (with denticles visible under large magnification, Fig. 37), relatively thick, acuminate macrochaetae Ml and Mc. No plurichaetosis on body. Head. Antennae distinctly shorter than head (Fig. 28). S-chaetae of ant. IV relatively short and thick, S 1 and S 2 slightly thinner and smaller than others (Fig. 28). Apical bulb distinct and trilobed (Fig. 30). Chaetotaxy of antennae as in Fig. 31 and Tab. 5. Buccal cone relatively long and rounded at apex (Figs 29, 33). Maxilla needlelike, mandible tridentate. Chaetotaxy of labium as in Fig. 32, labial papillae x absent. Labrum chaetotaxy 0/ 2,2 (Fig. 29). Group Vi with 6 + 6 chaetae (Fig. 32). Groups Vea, Vem and Vep with 3–4, 4 and 4 chaetae respectively. Dorsal chaetotaxy of head as in Tab. 5. and Fig. 28. Dorsal chaetotaxy of central area on head complete, with 3 chaetae Oc and chaetae A, B, C, D, E, F, G, O. Line of chaetae Di 2 –De 2 crosses line Di 1 –De 1 on head (cross-type, Deharveng 1983). 3 + 3 relatively large eyes, their diameter about three times as large as the diameter of chaeta Ocm socket (Fig. 28), pigmented in black. Thorax, abdomen, legs. Dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 28 and in Tab. 6. Ventral chaetotaxy as in Tab. 6 and Figs 34, 35. S-chaetae long, nearly equal to nearby macrochaetae (Figs 28, 36). S-chaetae formula of body: 022/ 11111, s-microchaeta on Dl of th. II present. Furcal remnant with 4–6 mesochaetae and 6 minute microchaetae (without chaetopores and visible only under magnification 1000 x, Fig. 34). Male with thick and forked chaetae in groups Ag (abd. V) and Ve (abd. VI) (“ventral male organ”). Claw without internal tooth. Chaeta M present on tibiotarsus, chaetae B 4 and B 5 short. Chaetotaxy of legs as in Tab. 6. Types. Holotype: male on slide, United States of America: Oregon, Blue River Ranger District of Willamette National Forest, neighborhood of H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 7 km North–East of Blue River town, c. 500–650 m above sea level, “Mona Creek” site, valley of Mona Creek, coniferous forest of Tsuga heterophylla Zone, ex decayed log, 26.IX. 2006, leg. A. Smolis. Holotype deposited in DIBEC. Paratypes: 5 females, 2 males and juvenile on slides, same data as holotype. Three paratypes (2 females and male) are housed in MNHN, the others in DIBEC. Other material. Female on slide (DIBEC), USA: Oregon, Blue River Ranger District of Willamette National Forest, neighborhood of H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 6.5 km East of Blue River town, c. 520–550 m above sea level, “Cougar 1 ” site, old-growth forest of Tsuga heterophylla Zone, ex decayed log, 27.IX. 2006, leg. A. Smolis; numerous specimens on slides and in alcohol, 18 km North of McKenzie Bridge town, c. 1450 m above sea level, “Wild cat” site, old-growth forest of Abies amabilis Zone, ex decayed logs, 4.X. 2006, 9.VI. 2009, leg. A. Smolis. Remarks. The new species is most similar to Paranura mjohjangensis Deharveng & Weiner, 1984 (from North Korea) and P. oregonensis sp. nov. , resembling them in having the complete chaetotaxy of central area of head and the same number of eyes, ocular chaetae and chaetae Di on abdomen V. Among these species, Paranura reducta sp. nov. is most diagnostically recognized by labral chaetotaxy, with only 4 chaetae (0/ 2,2; in mjohjangensis, 4 / 5,4; in P. oregonensis sp. nov. 4 / 2, 4). Other characters, in combination, that allow to distinguish P. re d uc t a sp. nov. from these species are: the number of labial lateral chaetae (in P. reducta sp. nov. and P. oregonensis sp. nov. 3 chaetae, in mjohjangensis 4 Fig. 59), number of ordinary chaetae De on abdomen IV (in P. reducta sp. nov. and mjohjangensis 2 chaetae, in P. oregonensis sp. nov. 1 chaeta), microchaetae on furcal remnant (in P. reducta sp. nov. and P. oregonensis sp. nov. present, in mjohjangensis absent). Considering the last character should be mentioned that microchaetae in P. reduct a sp. nov. are very minute and can be overlooked (Figs 34, 35). a) Cephalic chaetotaxy––dorsal side. b) Chaetotaxy of antennae. Terga Legs Di De Dl L Scx 2 Cx Tr Fe TT th. I 1 2 1 – 0 3 6 13 19 th. II 3 3 +s 3 +s+ms 3 2 7 6 12 19 th. III 3 4 +s 3 + s 3 2 8 6 11 18 Sterna abd. I 2 3 + s 2 3 VT: 4 abd. II 2 3 + s 2 3 Ve: 5; Vel present abd. III 2 3 + s 2 4 Ve: 4–5; Fu: 4–6 me, 6 mi abd. IV 2 2 + s 3 7 –10 Vel: 4; Vec: 2; Vei: 2; Vl: 4 abd. V 2 5–6 +s Ag: 3; chaetae L‘ and Vl present abd. VI 7 Ve: 12–14; An: 2 mi Several characters: the presence of 3 + 3 eyes, the complete chaetotaxy of central head area, labral chaetotaxy 0/ 2,2, tubercle De of th. III with 5 chaetae and tubercle Di of abdomen with 2 + 2 chaetae, and rather unusual habitat of the new species (dead coniferous logs) are suggestive of close relationships with P. sitchensis Fjellberg, 1985 (described from Alaska and known also from Vancouver Island, Fjellberg 1985). However, both species are readily distinguished by the following features: the clavate chaetae on two last abdominal segments (absent in P. re du c t a sp. nov. , present in sitchensis ), colour of the body (white in P. reducta sp. nov. , bluish-gray in sitchensis ), the length of tibiotarsal chaetae B 4 and B 5 (short in P. reducta sp. nov. , long in sitchensis ) and number of lateral labial chaetae (three in P. reducta sp. nov. , four in sitchensis ). Considering the differences between both species it should be mentioned that there are only two described species of Paranura with clavate chaetae on abdominal segments V and VI, the mentioned P . sitchensis and P . clavisetis (Axelson, 1902) described from Finland (Europe) and later considered by different authors as a junior synonym of P . sexpunctata . Biology. The species is resident in lower and upper montane (from 500 to 1400 m) conifer forests of both Tsuga heterophylla (Fig. 38) and Abies amabilis Zones (Franklin & Dyreness, 1988). It can be treated as a truly saproxylic species (according to Speight’s definition, Speight 1989) as it was found only in coarse woody debris of coniferous tree species: Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziessi , western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla and noble fir Abies amabilis . Despite intensive field investigations it was not collected from dead wood of deciduous trees and litter/soil samples. : Published as part of Smolis, Adrian & Deharveng, Louis, 2015, Diversity of Paranura Axelson, 1902 (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae) in Pacific Region of Russia and United States, pp. 203-236 in Zootaxa 4033 (2) on pages 213-216, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/236706 : {"references": ["Axelson, W. M. (1902) Diagnosen neuer Collembolen aus Finland und angrenzenden Teilen des nordwestlichen Russlands. Meddelanden Societatis pro Fauna & Flora Fennica, 28, 101 - 111.", "Deharveng, L. (1983) Morphologie evolutive des Collemboles Neanurinae en particulier de la lignee Neanurinae. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Ecobiologie des Arthropodes Edaphiques, Toulouse, 4 (2), 1 - 63.", "Deharveng, L. & Weiner, W. M. (1984) Collemboles de Coree du Nord III - Morulinae et Neanurinae. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Ecobiologie des Arthropodes Edaphiques, Toulouse, 4, 1 - 61.", "Fjellberg, A. (1985) Arctic Collembola I. Alaskan Collembola of the families Poduridae, Hypogastruridae, Odontelidae, Brachystomelidae and Neanuridae. Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 21, 126 pp.", "Franklin, J. F. & Dyrness, C. T. (1988) Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Oregon State University Press, 452 pp.", "Speight, M. C. D. (1989) Saproxylic invertebrates and their conservation. Nature and environment series, Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 42, 1 - 82."]} Text Arctic Alaska DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Arctic Blue River ENVELOPE(-128.967,-128.967,59.693,59.693) Pacific |