Filellum serpens Hassall 1848

• Main Authors: Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano, Boero, Ferdinando
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2015
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Cnidaria; Hydrozoa; Leptothecata; Lafoeidae; Filellum; Filellum serpens; Genova; Gonzalez; Greenland; Gronland; Lopez; Moreno; Pena; Promontorio; Roca; Torre; Vito; Iceland
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107131; https://zenodo.org/record/6107131

Filellum serpens (Hassall, 1848) Fig. 80 A–C See Schuchert (2001 a) for a complete synonymy. Material examined. HCUS-S 0 87 and HCUS-S 0 88 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula). Description (based on our own observations; Schuchert 2001 a): Hydroid. Hydrorhiza as irregularly branched stolons; colonies stolonal; hydranths with conical hypostome; with 8–12 amphicoronate tentacles; hydrothecae tubular, at irregular intervals, sessile, basal part (1 / 4 – 2 / 3) adnate to hydrorhiza, distal part curving upwards from the stolons, adnate portion smooth, rim even, usually everted, several hydrothecal renovations frequent. Colonies hermaphroditic. Gonothecae as fixed sporosacs, clustered into coppiniae, with simple curved accessory tubes, between gonothecae, irregularly shaped, not branching, either curving horizontally in middle and overarching gonothecae like dense canopy or nearly straight, giving coppinia a spiny appearance; embryos develop in acrocysts. Cnidome. Microbasic mastigophores. Habitat type. Coastal waters on hard bottom (depth range: 0.5– 50 m) (Boero & Fresi 1986; Schuchert 2001 a; Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa 2002). Substrate. Mostly on other hydroids, Posidonia , algae, bryozoans, sponges. Seasonality. August (Stechow 1919); August–April (Boero & Fresi 1986); January–December (Llobet i Nidal 1987; Llobet et al . 1991; De Vito 2006; this study) in the Mediterranean Sea. Reproductive period. February (Boero & Fresi 1986) in the Ligurian Sea; September (De Vito 2006; this study) in Salento waters. Distribution. Cosmopolitan (Medel & López-González 1996; Schuchert 2001 a; Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa 2002; Bouillon et al. 2004; Gravili et al. 2008 a). Records in Salento. Common at: Torre dell'Inserraglio, S.ta Caterina (Presicce 1991); Otranto (De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006; Gravili et al. 2008 a; this study). Remarks. For a recent discussion of the genus and its species see Marques et al. (2011). References: Stechow (1919), Broch (1933), Picard (1951 a, 1958 a), Rossi (1961), Boero (1981 a, b), Gili (1982, 1986), Boero & Fresi (1986), Llobet et al. (1986, 1991), Llobet i Nidal (1987), García-Carrascosa et al. (1987), Roca et al. (1991), Medel & López-González (1996), Peña Cantero et al. (1998), Schuchert (2001 a), Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa (2002), Bouillon et al. (2004), De Vito (2006), Gravili (2006), Gravili et al. (2008 a), Puce et al. (2009), Marques et al. (2011). : Published as part of Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano & Boero, Ferdinando, 2015, The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide, pp. 1-187 in Zootaxa 3908 (1) on pages 112-113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/242729 : {"references": ["Schuchert, P. (2001 a) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184.", "Boero, F. & Fresi, E. (1986) Zonation and evolution of a Rocky bottom hydroid community. Marine Ecology, 7 (2), 123 - 150. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1986. tb 00152. x", "Pena Cantero, A. L. & Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180.", "Stechow, E. 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