Melicertum octocostatum M. Sars 1835

• Main Author: Schuchert, Peter
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2017
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Greenland; Pacific; Norway; Indian; Bergen; Bismarck; Medusa; Hallager; Iceland
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6043811; https://zenodo.org/record/6043811

Melicertum octocostatum (M. Sars, 1835) Fig. 1 A-B Oceania octocostata M. Sars, 1835: 24, pl. 4 fig. 9a-d. Melicertum campanula. ‒ Agassiz, 1862: 349. – Mayer, 1910: 207, pl. 23 figs 4-5, pl. 24 fig. 5. – Naumov, 1969: 350, figs 215-216. [not Medusa campanula Fabricius, 1780 =? Catablema vesicarium ] Melicertum octocostatum. ‒ Kramp, 1919: 52, pl. 1 fig. 10, pl. 3 fig. 8. ‒ Kramp & Damas, 1925: 294. – Russell, 1953: 245, figs 138-142, pl. 13 figs 2-4. – Kramp, 1959a: 134, fig. 152. – Kramp, 1961: 136. – Kramp, 1968: 63, fig. 164. – Arai & Brinckmann-Voss, 1980: 79, figs 44-45. ‒ Bouillon, 1984: 87. – Cornelius, 1995: 124, fig. 17. – Okuizumi & Kubota, 2003: 39, fig. 1. ‒ Wang et al. , 2014: 99, fig. 16. Material examined: MHNG-INVE-48744, 3 specimens 4-5 mm wide and with up to 40 larger tentacles; Norway, Raunefjord, 60.2731°N 5.20728°E, 10 m depth; collection date 14.06.2006; one specimen used for DNA extraction, DNA isolate 433, 16S sequence FJ550510, 18S FJ550595, 28S FJ550451. ‒ MHNG- INVE-94100, one of> 4 specimens; Norway, Korsfjord, 60.1846°N 5.196°E; one other specimen used to obtain DNA isolate 1161, 16S KY363951, 18S KY363981, for archived photos see Table 1, remaining medusae used to extract RNA for transcriptome analysis. Diagnosis: Umbrella 5-20 mm wide and high, conical to pyriform with thick, solid apex and thinner sides; per octant 3-7 fine, radial, subumbrellar tissue-thickenings with or without nematocysts (may be absent, or present in fully grown animals only); 40-80 large tentacles alternating with as many small ones, with distinct basal bulb formation; no ocelli, no cirri. Stomach short and broad, octagonal, mouth with 8 small lips when fully grown. 8 sinuous, linear gonads covering almost the full length of the 8 radial canals, getting thicker towards periphery. Colours: stomach and gonads yellow. For polyp stage see Cornelius (1995). Remarks: No subumbrellar nematocysts could be seen in the present animals which were relatively young (small). The tissue thickenings were present though. Distribution: A strictly coastal species occurring in cooler waters of the North-western Atlantic from The English Channel to the Arctic Ocean; Iceland; North America from Woods Hole to Halifax and western coast of Greenland. Also present in the Pacific from Japan to the Arctic Ocean and British Columbia (Kramp, 1961; Arai & Brinckmann-Voss, 1980; Okuizumi & Kubota, 2003; Wang et al ., 2014). An unexpected record is also known from Papua New Guinea (Bouillon, 1984). Type locality: Coastal region of Bergen, Norway. : Published as part of Peter Schuchert, 2017, Systematic notes on some leptomedusa species with a description of Neotima galeai n. spec. (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria), pp. 351-375 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 124 (2) on page 353, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.893549 : {"references": ["Sars M. 1835. Beskrivelser og jagttagelser over nogle maerkelige eller nye i havet ved den Bergenske kyst levende dyr af polypernes, acalephernes, radiaternes, annelidernes og molluskernes classer, med en kort oversigt over de hidtil af forfatteren sammesteds fundne ar. T. Hallager, Bergen, pp. xii + 81. https: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13017", "Agassiz L. 1862. Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. Vol. IV. Little Brown, Boston, 380 pp., pls 1 - 19. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12644", "Mayer A. G. 1910. Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae, Vols. I & II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III. 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