Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810
Epigonus telescopus (Risso, 1810) (English name: Black Cardinalfish; Black Deepsea Cardinal) (Figs. 1, 18; Tables 1–2) Pomatomus telescopus Risso, 1810: 301, pl. 9 (original description; type locality: northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Nice, France; lectotype: MNHN B-0862); Lowe, 1838: 173 (list); Cap...
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Chordata Actinopterygii Perciformes Epigonidae Epigonus Epigonus telescopus |
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Chordata Actinopterygii Perciformes Epigonidae Epigonus Epigonus telescopus Okamoto, Makoto Gon, Ofer Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810 |
topic_facet |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Chordata Actinopterygii Perciformes Epigonidae Epigonus Epigonus telescopus |
description |
Epigonus telescopus (Risso, 1810) (English name: Black Cardinalfish; Black Deepsea Cardinal) (Figs. 1, 18; Tables 1–2) Pomatomus telescopus Risso, 1810: 301, pl. 9 (original description; type locality: northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Nice, France; lectotype: MNHN B-0862); Lowe, 1838: 173 (list); Capello, 1868: 160; Moreau, 1881: 386, fig. 125; Vaillant, 1888: 376 (in part). Epigonus macrophthalmus Rafinesque, 1810: 64 (original description; type locality unknown; types unknown). Pomatomus telescopium Cuvier, 1828: 171 (incorrect emendation of Risso, 1810); Valenciennes, 1830: 495; Valenciennes, 1837–1844: 6 pl. I; Günther, 1859: 250; Günther, 1880: 395 (brief description); Cocco, 1885: 85; Holt & Calderwood, 1895: 405, pl. LXII. Pomatomus cuvieri Cocco, 1829: 143 (original description; type locality: Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea; types unknown). Pomatomus cuvierii : Valenciennes, 1830: 501 (incorrect emendation of Pomatomus cuvieri in Cocco, 1829). Epigonus telescopus : Goode & Bean, 1896: 232; Barnard, 1927: 523 (key and description, South Africa); Fowler, 1936: 736, fig. 326 (description, West Africa); Mayer, 1974: 152, fig. 2: (description, Atlantic Ocean and New Zealand); Mayer, 1975: 16 (brief description, South Atlantic); Gon, 1986: 559 (key and brief description, South Africa); Tortonese, 1986: 807 (brief description, North Atlantic and Mediterranean); Shcherbachev, 1987: 42 (list, Indian Ocean); Paulin et al ., 1989: 180, fig. 113.5a (key, New Zealand); Mochizuki, 1990: 262 (description and photograph, New Zealand); Abramov, 1992: 98 (list); Gomon et al ., 1994: 562 (key, Australia); Santos et al ., 1997: 83 (list, Azores); Arruda, 1997: 82 (list, Azores); Saldanha & Biscoito, 1997: 199 (brief description, Mid-Atlantic Ridge); Bianchi et al ., 1999: 166, pl. XI (Namibia); Biagi et al ., 2002: (list, Mediterranean); Bilecenoglu et al ., 2002: 81 (list, Turkey); Moore et al ., 2003: 226 (list, western North Atlantic); Sartor et al ., 2003: 278 (list, Mediterranean); Mytilineou et al ., 2005: 231 (list, Ionian Sea); Hoese et al ., 2006: 1115 (synonyms and distribution, Australia); Fricke et al ., 2007: 82 (list, Turkey); Gomon et al ., 2008: 564 (key and photograph, Australia); Bañon et al ., 2010: 16 (list, Galicia); Møller et al ., 2010: 58 (list, Greenland); Stewart & Gon, 2015: 1226 (key and description, New Zealand); Bañon et al ., 2016: 322 (list, Galicia); Gon, 2016: 2434 (key and distribution, eastern Central Atlantic); Okamoto, 2016b: 74 (description and photograph). Material examined. AMS I.28165-001, 3 specimens, 112.4–187.9 mm SL, 33°35´17˝S, 44°09´33˝E, Walters Shoal, western South Indian Ocean, 750 m depth, 18 December 1988; USNM 307603, 201.2 mm SL, 33°43´42˝S, 43°61´58˝E, Walters Shoal, western South Indian Ocean, 1,000–1,030 m depth, 17 December 1988; USNM 307608, 2 specimens, 137.8–154.3 mm SL, 33°37´42˝S, 44°10´42˝E, Walters Shoal, western South Indian Ocean, 750–775 m depth, 18 December 1988; unretained specimen, 720 mm SL, western South Indian Ocean. Diagnosis. Dorsal-fin rays VII-I-I, 10; pectoral-fin rays 19–23; total gill rakers 23–26; vertebrae 11 + 14; pyloric caeca 21–34; pored lateral-line scales 46–50 + 3–5; opercular spine absent; maxillary mustache-like processes absent; ribs on last abdominal vertebra present; tongue toothless; body depth 22.7–25.5% SL. Measurements (% SL) counts are given in Table 1. Head length 32.4–38.0; head width 16.8–19.2; head height 17.3–20.8; body depth 22.7–25.5; body width 15.9–18.9; caudal-peduncle depth 7.8–11.0; caudal-peduncle length 22.6–26.3; orbital diameter 8.8–17.1; interorbital width 9.9–11.2; postorbital length 11.1–15.2; upper-jaw length 13.7–15.5; lower-jaw length 15.1–19.1; snout length 7.3–9.7; pre-first dorsal-fin length 38.0–42.0; presecond dorsal-fin length 59.3–61.9; pre-pectoral-fin length 33.5–36.9; pre-pelvic-fin length 36.3–39.9; pre-anus length 60.9–66.3; pre-anal-fin length 67.2–70.7; first spine length on first dorsal fin 4.6–5.8; second spine length on first dorsal fin 11.9–12.9; third spine length on first dorsal fin 13.9–15.7; second dorsal-fin spine length 5.2–8.9; first anal-fin spine length 1.8–2.8; second anal-fin spine length 5.1–8.9; pelvic-fin spine length 7.5–12.1; first dorsal-fin base length 12.4–17.2; second dorsal-fin base length 9.8–11.1; anal-fin base length 8.3–13.0; pectoral-fin length 11.0–16.6; pelvic-fin length 13.3. Distribution. Western South Indian Ocean (Shcherbachev 1987; Abramov 1992; present study); Eastern Atlantic including Mediterranean (Mayer 1974, 1975; Abramov 1992); western North Atlantic (Mayer 1974); Australia (Hoese et al . 2006; Gomon et al . 2008); New Zealand (Paulin et al . 1989; Stewart & Gon 2015), at ca. 75–1375 m depth. Comparisons and Remarks. Epigonus telescopus belongs to the E. telescopus group by having an isolated dorsal-fin spine between first dorsal and second dorsal fins. The isolated dorsal fin spine reduces in size with growth, becoming difficult to discern in large adult specimens (Fig. 18). This species is similar to E. angustifrons in having the isolated dorsal-fin spine, but differs in having 23–26 gill rakers (vs. 33–36 in E. angustifrons ) and a deeper body (ca. 1/4 of SL vs. ca. 1/5 of SL in E. angustifrons ). Furthermore, E. telescopus differs from other congeners in the Western Indian Ocean in the absence of an opercular spine (vs. pungent opercular spine present in E. bispinosus , E. idai , E. lenimen , E. marimonticolus , E. pectinifer , E. robustus , and E. waltersensis ) and 11 + 14 vertebrae (vs. 10 + 15 in E. denticulatus , E. elongatus , E. exodon , E. macrops , and E. marisrubri ). Epigonus telescopus is the largest species of the genus (85 cm in total length) and long-lived with a maximum age about 100 years (Dunn 2009). In some area, this species is utilized commercially (Okamoto 2016b). : Published as part of Okamoto, Makoto & Gon, Ofer, 2018, A review of the deepwater cardinalfish genus Epigonus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) of the Western Indian Ocean, with description of two new species, pp. 261-291 in Zootaxa 4382 (2) on pages 283-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4382.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1182167 : {"references": ["Lowe, R. T. (1838) A synopsis of the fishes of Madeira; with principal synonyms, Portuguese names, and characters of the new genera and species. The Transactions of the Zoology Society of London, 2 (14), 173 - 200.", "Capello, F. B. (1868) Peixes novos de Portugal e da Africa occidental e caracteres distinctivos d'outras especies ja conhecidas. Jornal do Sciencias Mathematicas, Physicas e Naturaes, Lisboa, 1 (2), 154 - 169.", "Moreau, E. (1881) Histoire Naturelle des Poisons de la France. Vol. II. G. Masson, Paris, 572 pp.", "Cuvier, G. (1828) Des pomatomes. In: Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. (Eds.), Histoire Naturelle des Poissons. Tome Second. Levrault, F. G., Paris, pp. 169 - 174.", "Gunther, A. (1859) Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Acanthopterygian Fishes, in the Collection of the British Museum. Gasterosteidae, Berycidae, Percidae, Aphredoderidae, Pristipomatidae, Mullidae, Sparidae. Vol. 1. Trustees of the British Museum, London, xxxi + 524 pp.", "Gunther, A. (1880) An Introduction to the Study of Fishes. Adam & Charles Black, Edinburgh, 720 pp.", "Cocco, A. (1885) Indice Ittiologico del Mare di Messina. Naturalista Siciliano, 4 (4), 85 - 88.", "Holt, E. W. & Caldwood, W. L. (1895) Survey of fishing grounds, west coast of Ireland, 1890 - 1891. Report on the rarer fishes. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, Series 2, 5, 361 - 524.", "Cocco, A. (1829) Su di alcuni nuovi pesci de' mari di Messina. Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, 26 (77), 138 - 147.", "Goode, G. B. & Bean, T. H. (1896) Oceanic ichthyology, a treatise on the deep-sea and pelagic fishes of the world, based chiefly upon the collections made by the steamers Blake, Albatross, and Fish Hawk in the north-western Atlantic, with an atlas containing 417 figures. Special Bulletin US National Museum, 2, 1 - 553.", "Barnard, K. H. (1927) Diagnoses of new genera and species of South African marine fishes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 9, 20 (115), 66 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932708655566", "Fowler, H. W. (1936) The marine fishes of West Africa based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909 - 1915. Bulletin American Museum of Natural History, 70 (2), 607 - 1493.", "Mayer, G. F. (1974) A revision of the cardinalfish genus Epigonus (Perciformes, Apogonidae), with descriptions of two new species. Bulletin Museum of Comparative Zoology, 146, 147 - 203.", "Mayer, G. F. (1975) Results of the research cruises of FRV \" Walther Herwig \" to South America. XXXIX. The Epigonine fauna of the South Atlantic, with a key to the genera and a redescription of Rosenblattia robusta Mead and De Falla. Archiv fur Fischereiwissenschaft, 26, 13 - 28.", "Gon, O. (1986) Family No. 175: Apogonidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smiths' Sea Fishes. Macmillan South Africa Ltd, Johannesburg, pp. 546 - 561.", "Mochizuki, K. (1990) Apogonidae. In: Amaoka, K., Matsuura, K., Inada, T., Takeda, M., Hatanaka, H. & Okada, K. (Eds.), Fishes Collected by the R / V Shinkai-Maru Around New Zealand. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, pp. 258 - 264.", "Abramov, A. A. (1992) Species composition and distribution of Epigonus (Epigonidae) in the world ocean. Journal of Ichthyology, 32, 94 - 108.", "Gomon, M. F., Glover, J. C. M. & Kuiter, R. H. (1994) The Fishes of Australia's South Coast. Flora and Fauna of South Australia Handbooks Committee. Adelaide, 992 pp.", "Arruda, L. M. (1997) Checklist of the marine fishes of the Azores. Arquivos do Museu Bocage, Nova Serie, 3 (2), 13 - 162.", "Bianchi, G., Carpenter, K. E., Roux, J. - P., Molloy, F. J., Boyer, D. & Boyer, H. J. (Eds.) (1999) FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of Namibia. FAO, Rome, 256 pp.", "Biagi, F., Sartor, P., Ardizzone, G., Belcari, P., Belluscio, A. & Serena, F. (2002) Analysis of demersal assemblages off the Tuscany and Latium coast (north-western Mediterranean). Scientia Marina, 66 (Supplement 2), 233 - 242. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2002.66 s 2233", "Bilecenoglu, M., Taskavak, E., Mater, S. & Kaya, M. (2002) Checklist of the marine fishes of Turkey. Zootaxa, 113, 1 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 113.1.1", "Moore, J. A., Hartel, K. E., Craddock, J. E. & Galbraith, J. K. (2003) An annotated list of deepwater fishes from off the New England region, with new area records. Northeastern Naturalist, 10 (2), 159 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1656 / 1092 - 6194 (2003) 010 [0159: AALODF] 2.0. CO; 2", "Mytilineou, C., Politou, C. - Y., Papaconstantinou, C., Kavadas, S., D'Onghia, G. & Sion, L. (2005) Deep-water fish fauna in the Eastern Ionian Sea. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 135 (2), 229 - 233.", "Hoese, D. F., Bray, D. J., Allen, G. R. & Cross, N. J. (2006) Epigonidae. Deepsea cardinalfishes, deepwater cardinalfishes. In: Hoese, D. F., Bray, D. J., Paxton, J. R. & Allen, G. R. (Eds.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 35. Fishes. Parts 1 - 3. CSIRO Publishing and the Australian Biological Resources Study, Collingwood, pp. 1113 - 1115.", "Fricke, R., Bilecenoglu, M. & Sari, H. M. (2007) Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostoma and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Suttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie), 706, 1 - 169.", "Gomon, M. F., Bray, D. J. & Kuiter, R. H. (Eds.) (2008) Fishes of Australian's Southern Coast. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 928 pp.", "Banon, R., Villegas-Rios, D., Serrano, A., Mucientes, G. & Arronte, J. C. (2010) Marine fishes from Galicia (NW Spain): an updated checklist. Zootaxa, 2667, 1 - 27.", "Moller, P. R., Nielsen, J. G., Knudsen, S. W., Poulsen, J. Y., Sunksen, K. & Jorgensen, O. A. (2010) A checklist of the fish fauna of Greenland waters. Zootaxa, 2378, 1 - 84.", "Banon, R., Arronte, J. C., Rodriguez-Cabello, C., Pineiro, C. - G., Punzon, A. & Serrano, A. (2016) Commented checklist of marine fishes from the Galicia Bank seamount (NW Spain). Zootaxa, 4067 (3), 293 - 333. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4067.3.2", "Gon, O. (2016) Epigonidae. In: Carpenter, K. E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 4. Bony Fishes Part 2 (Perciformes to Tetraodontiformes) and Sea Turtles. FAO, Rome, pp. 2429 - 2434.", "Okamoto, M. (2016 b) Epigonidae. In: Matsuura, K. & Hoshino, K. (Eds.), Fishes Collected from the Western South Indian Ocean. Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center, Fisheries Research Agency, Yokohama, pp. 74 - 77.", "Dunn, M. R. (2009) Review and stock assessment of black cardinalfish (Epigonus telescopus) on the east coast North Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2009 / 39, 1 - 55."]} |
format |
Text |
author |
Okamoto, Makoto Gon, Ofer |
author_facet |
Okamoto, Makoto Gon, Ofer |
author_sort |
Okamoto, Makoto |
title |
Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810 |
title_short |
Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810 |
title_full |
Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810 |
title_fullStr |
Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810 |
title_sort |
epigonus telescopus risso 1810 |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5998260 https://zenodo.org/record/5998260 |
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ENVELOPE(-30.309,-30.309,-80.537,-80.537) ENVELOPE(13.758,13.758,66.844,66.844) ENVELOPE(-114.067,-114.067,-74.833,-74.833) ENVELOPE(-56.720,-56.720,-63.529,-63.529) ENVELOPE(16.057,16.057,67.137,67.137) ENVELOPE(164.917,164.917,-84.367,-84.367) ENVELOPE(-55.500,-55.500,-63.350,-63.350) ENVELOPE(70.065,70.065,-49.360,-49.360) ENVELOPE(-85.200,-85.200,-78.633,-78.633) ENVELOPE(-55.200,-55.200,-63.200,-63.200) ENVELOPE(-116.086,-116.086,58.467,58.467) |
geographic |
Greenland Indian New Zealand Mid-Atlantic Ridge Lowe Sion Bray Rodriguez Knudsen Falla Bianchi Molloy Craddock Villegas Boyer |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Indian New Zealand Mid-Atlantic Ridge Lowe Sion Bray Rodriguez Knudsen Falla Bianchi Molloy Craddock Villegas Boyer |
genre |
Greenland North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Greenland North Atlantic |
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.5998260 2023-05-15T16:30:49+02:00 Epigonus telescopus Risso 1810 Okamoto, Makoto Gon, Ofer 2018 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5998260 https://zenodo.org/record/5998260 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/1182167 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FF9BC7406E6D4069FF8F5C1A170D9F12 http://zoobank.org/8E248E6F-FDA5-4829-9DD7-4CC0EFDB08B6 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4382.2.3 http://zenodo.org/record/1182167 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FF9BC7406E6D4069FF8F5C1A170D9F12 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1182169 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1182205 http://zoobank.org/8E248E6F-FDA5-4829-9DD7-4CC0EFDB08B6 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5998261 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Chordata Actinopterygii Perciformes Epigonidae Epigonus Epigonus telescopus article-journal ScholarlyArticle Taxonomic treatment Text 2018 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5998260 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4382.2.3 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1182169 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1182205 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5998261 2022-04-01T09:05:24Z Epigonus telescopus (Risso, 1810) (English name: Black Cardinalfish; Black Deepsea Cardinal) (Figs. 1, 18; Tables 1–2) Pomatomus telescopus Risso, 1810: 301, pl. 9 (original description; type locality: northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Nice, France; lectotype: MNHN B-0862); Lowe, 1838: 173 (list); Capello, 1868: 160; Moreau, 1881: 386, fig. 125; Vaillant, 1888: 376 (in part). Epigonus macrophthalmus Rafinesque, 1810: 64 (original description; type locality unknown; types unknown). Pomatomus telescopium Cuvier, 1828: 171 (incorrect emendation of Risso, 1810); Valenciennes, 1830: 495; Valenciennes, 1837–1844: 6 pl. I; Günther, 1859: 250; Günther, 1880: 395 (brief description); Cocco, 1885: 85; Holt & Calderwood, 1895: 405, pl. LXII. Pomatomus cuvieri Cocco, 1829: 143 (original description; type locality: Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea; types unknown). Pomatomus cuvierii : Valenciennes, 1830: 501 (incorrect emendation of Pomatomus cuvieri in Cocco, 1829). Epigonus telescopus : Goode & Bean, 1896: 232; Barnard, 1927: 523 (key and description, South Africa); Fowler, 1936: 736, fig. 326 (description, West Africa); Mayer, 1974: 152, fig. 2: (description, Atlantic Ocean and New Zealand); Mayer, 1975: 16 (brief description, South Atlantic); Gon, 1986: 559 (key and brief description, South Africa); Tortonese, 1986: 807 (brief description, North Atlantic and Mediterranean); Shcherbachev, 1987: 42 (list, Indian Ocean); Paulin et al ., 1989: 180, fig. 113.5a (key, New Zealand); Mochizuki, 1990: 262 (description and photograph, New Zealand); Abramov, 1992: 98 (list); Gomon et al ., 1994: 562 (key, Australia); Santos et al ., 1997: 83 (list, Azores); Arruda, 1997: 82 (list, Azores); Saldanha & Biscoito, 1997: 199 (brief description, Mid-Atlantic Ridge); Bianchi et al ., 1999: 166, pl. XI (Namibia); Biagi et al ., 2002: (list, Mediterranean); Bilecenoglu et al ., 2002: 81 (list, Turkey); Moore et al ., 2003: 226 (list, western North Atlantic); Sartor et al ., 2003: 278 (list, Mediterranean); Mytilineou et al ., 2005: 231 (list, Ionian Sea); Hoese et al ., 2006: 1115 (synonyms and distribution, Australia); Fricke et al ., 2007: 82 (list, Turkey); Gomon et al ., 2008: 564 (key and photograph, Australia); Bañon et al ., 2010: 16 (list, Galicia); Møller et al ., 2010: 58 (list, Greenland); Stewart & Gon, 2015: 1226 (key and description, New Zealand); Bañon et al ., 2016: 322 (list, Galicia); Gon, 2016: 2434 (key and distribution, eastern Central Atlantic); Okamoto, 2016b: 74 (description and photograph). Material examined. AMS I.28165-001, 3 specimens, 112.4–187.9 mm SL, 33°35´17˝S, 44°09´33˝E, Walters Shoal, western South Indian Ocean, 750 m depth, 18 December 1988; USNM 307603, 201.2 mm SL, 33°43´42˝S, 43°61´58˝E, Walters Shoal, western South Indian Ocean, 1,000–1,030 m depth, 17 December 1988; USNM 307608, 2 specimens, 137.8–154.3 mm SL, 33°37´42˝S, 44°10´42˝E, Walters Shoal, western South Indian Ocean, 750–775 m depth, 18 December 1988; unretained specimen, 720 mm SL, western South Indian Ocean. Diagnosis. Dorsal-fin rays VII-I-I, 10; pectoral-fin rays 19–23; total gill rakers 23–26; vertebrae 11 + 14; pyloric caeca 21–34; pored lateral-line scales 46–50 + 3–5; opercular spine absent; maxillary mustache-like processes absent; ribs on last abdominal vertebra present; tongue toothless; body depth 22.7–25.5% SL. Measurements (% SL) counts are given in Table 1. Head length 32.4–38.0; head width 16.8–19.2; head height 17.3–20.8; body depth 22.7–25.5; body width 15.9–18.9; caudal-peduncle depth 7.8–11.0; caudal-peduncle length 22.6–26.3; orbital diameter 8.8–17.1; interorbital width 9.9–11.2; postorbital length 11.1–15.2; upper-jaw length 13.7–15.5; lower-jaw length 15.1–19.1; snout length 7.3–9.7; pre-first dorsal-fin length 38.0–42.0; presecond dorsal-fin length 59.3–61.9; pre-pectoral-fin length 33.5–36.9; pre-pelvic-fin length 36.3–39.9; pre-anus length 60.9–66.3; pre-anal-fin length 67.2–70.7; first spine length on first dorsal fin 4.6–5.8; second spine length on first dorsal fin 11.9–12.9; third spine length on first dorsal fin 13.9–15.7; second dorsal-fin spine length 5.2–8.9; first anal-fin spine length 1.8–2.8; second anal-fin spine length 5.1–8.9; pelvic-fin spine length 7.5–12.1; first dorsal-fin base length 12.4–17.2; second dorsal-fin base length 9.8–11.1; anal-fin base length 8.3–13.0; pectoral-fin length 11.0–16.6; pelvic-fin length 13.3. Distribution. Western South Indian Ocean (Shcherbachev 1987; Abramov 1992; present study); Eastern Atlantic including Mediterranean (Mayer 1974, 1975; Abramov 1992); western North Atlantic (Mayer 1974); Australia (Hoese et al . 2006; Gomon et al . 2008); New Zealand (Paulin et al . 1989; Stewart & Gon 2015), at ca. 75–1375 m depth. Comparisons and Remarks. Epigonus telescopus belongs to the E. telescopus group by having an isolated dorsal-fin spine between first dorsal and second dorsal fins. The isolated dorsal fin spine reduces in size with growth, becoming difficult to discern in large adult specimens (Fig. 18). This species is similar to E. angustifrons in having the isolated dorsal-fin spine, but differs in having 23–26 gill rakers (vs. 33–36 in E. angustifrons ) and a deeper body (ca. 1/4 of SL vs. ca. 1/5 of SL in E. angustifrons ). Furthermore, E. telescopus differs from other congeners in the Western Indian Ocean in the absence of an opercular spine (vs. pungent opercular spine present in E. bispinosus , E. idai , E. lenimen , E. marimonticolus , E. pectinifer , E. robustus , and E. waltersensis ) and 11 + 14 vertebrae (vs. 10 + 15 in E. denticulatus , E. elongatus , E. exodon , E. macrops , and E. marisrubri ). Epigonus telescopus is the largest species of the genus (85 cm in total length) and long-lived with a maximum age about 100 years (Dunn 2009). In some area, this species is utilized commercially (Okamoto 2016b). : Published as part of Okamoto, Makoto & Gon, Ofer, 2018, A review of the deepwater cardinalfish genus Epigonus (Perciformes: Epigonidae) of the Western Indian Ocean, with description of two new species, pp. 261-291 in Zootaxa 4382 (2) on pages 283-284, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4382.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/1182167 : {"references": ["Lowe, R. T. 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New Zealand Fisheries Assessment Report 2009 / 39, 1 - 55."]} Text Greenland North Atlantic DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Greenland Indian New Zealand Mid-Atlantic Ridge Lowe ENVELOPE(-30.309,-30.309,-80.537,-80.537) Sion ENVELOPE(13.758,13.758,66.844,66.844) Bray ENVELOPE(-114.067,-114.067,-74.833,-74.833) Rodriguez ENVELOPE(-56.720,-56.720,-63.529,-63.529) Knudsen ENVELOPE(16.057,16.057,67.137,67.137) Falla ENVELOPE(164.917,164.917,-84.367,-84.367) Bianchi ENVELOPE(-55.500,-55.500,-63.350,-63.350) Molloy ENVELOPE(70.065,70.065,-49.360,-49.360) Craddock ENVELOPE(-85.200,-85.200,-78.633,-78.633) Villegas ENVELOPE(-55.200,-55.200,-63.200,-63.200) Boyer ENVELOPE(-116.086,-116.086,58.467,58.467) |