Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995
Genus: Zhiganka Lukashevich, 1995 (Figures 1–4, 5A, 6 A–D) Type species. Zhiganka comitans Lukashevich, 1995: 170, fig. 1e,g. Diagnosis (emended). Adult. Medium-size gracile flies, 9–13 mm long (Fig. 1B, G). Head not appressed to thorax (Figs 2A, D, 3A). Antenna with 19 flagellomeres, each with dist...
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Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5936279 https://zenodo.org/record/5936279 |
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Ptychopteridae Zhiganka |
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Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Ptychopteridae Zhiganka Lukashevich, Elena D. Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995 |
topic_facet |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Ptychopteridae Zhiganka |
description |
Genus: Zhiganka Lukashevich, 1995 (Figures 1–4, 5A, 6 A–D) Type species. Zhiganka comitans Lukashevich, 1995: 170, fig. 1e,g. Diagnosis (emended). Adult. Medium-size gracile flies, 9–13 mm long (Fig. 1B, G). Head not appressed to thorax (Figs 2A, D, 3A). Antenna with 19 flagellomeres, each with distinct scattered (4?) macrosetae and short pubescence, apical flagellomere reduced to button-like structure (Figs 2A, C, 3B). Clypeus acutely triangular, labrum small, sclerotized, labella large. Maxillary palpus elongate, with apical and preapical segments subequal (Figs 1A, 2D, 3A). Antepronotum well developed, prescutal suture distinct, scutum with incomplete transverse suture, all pleural sclerites without setae, transepimeral suture present (Figs 2D, 3A, 4F). Wings rather broad, slightly shorter than abdomen, with macrotrichia confined to apex adjacent to costa; C ending at wing apex, Rs stem long, aligned with straight R 4+5 stem, fork R 4+5 longer than R 4+5 stem; crossvein r-m under Rs furcation; spurious vein between veins R and M long; M forks before r-m M 1+2 unforked, straight, and extremely thin; CuA slightly sigmoidal beyond m-cu anal lobe well developed (Figs 1B, G, 2B, G, 3C, 4 A–C, 5A, 6A–C). Legs uniformly dark, without banding, tibial spur formula 1:2:2, foreleg spur spine-like, unmodified (Fig. 1 C–F). Abdomen narrow in both sexes (Fig. 1B, G). Male: epandrium divided into epandrial lobes, surstyli distinct. Gonocoxite without secondary lobe. Gonostylus simple lobe-like, pubescent. Hypandrium divided into basal and terminal divisions (Figs 2E, F, 3 F–H, 4D, E). Female: cerci tablike, setose, lightly sclerotized (Fig. 1H). Spermathecae absent or unsclerotized. Species included. Besides the type species from Zhigansk (Batylykh Formation, Yakutia, Russia; Lower Cretaceous), Z. woolgari Lukashevich, Coram, Jarzembowski, 2001 from Clockhouse (Wealden Group, United Kingdom; Upper Hauterivian) and Z. longialata sp. nov . described below from Khasurty (Gusinoe Ozero Group, Transbaikalia, Russia; Lower Cretaceous). Remarks. The genus was established based on isolated wings and pupal fragments (the only immature stage known so far). For adults of each previously known species only an incompletly preserved isolated wing was described, so the diagnosis was limited to wing venation. The additional crossvein r-m was cautiously shown with a dotted line in Z. comitans (Lukashevich, 1995: fig. 1g) but was not observed in Z. woolgari (Lukashevich et al ., 2001: fig.10). Reexamination of the holotype of Z. comitans by SEM (Fig. 5B) made it clear that this additional r-m is a preservation artifact, the vein M 1+2 is the thinnest and a long spurious vein (a longitudinal vein-like thickening in the membrane between veins R and M, bisecting crossvein r-m and ending in cell r 5) is present. Therefore, the venation patterns of the type species and the new species described herein (Fig. 5A) are identical. The holotype of Z. woolgari was not available for the study. Macrotrichia on the apical part of the wing are conspicuous in the new species (Figs 2G, 6B, C), but are barely discernible, without certainty, in the type species; however, this can be due to a poor state of preservation of Z. comitans. The new species is, therefore, included in Zhiganka and the diagnosis of the genus is revised accordingly. : Published as part of Lukashevich, Elena D., 2019, Review of the fossil record of Bittacomorphinae (Diptera: Ptychopteridae), pp. 566-578 in Zootaxa 4661 (3) on pages 567-568, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3380981 : {"references": ["Lukashevich, E. D. (1995) First pupae of the Eoptychopteridae and Ptychopteridae from the Mesozoic of Siberia (Insecta: Diptera). Paleontological Journal, 29 (4), 164 - 170.", "Lukashevich, E. D. Coram, R. A. & Jarzembowski, E. A. (2001) New true flies (Insecta: Diptera) from the Lower Cretaceous of Southern England. Cretaceous Research, 22, 451 - 460. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / cres. 2001.026 5"]} |
format |
Text |
author |
Lukashevich, Elena D. |
author_facet |
Lukashevich, Elena D. |
author_sort |
Lukashevich, Elena D. |
title |
Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995 |
title_short |
Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995 |
title_full |
Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995 |
title_fullStr |
Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995 |
title_sort |
zhiganka lukashevich 1995 |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5936279 https://zenodo.org/record/5936279 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(162.051,162.051,57.057,57.057) ENVELOPE(123.374,123.374,66.766,66.766) |
geographic |
Ozero Zhigansk |
geographic_facet |
Ozero Zhigansk |
genre |
Yakutia Siberia |
genre_facet |
Yakutia Siberia |
op_relation |
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Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5936279 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.9 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380983 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380985 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380987 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380989 https: |
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.5936279 2023-05-15T18:45:11+02:00 Zhiganka Lukashevich 1995 Lukashevich, Elena D. 2019 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5936279 https://zenodo.org/record/5936279 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/3380981 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FF82FFE6FF88E97C465E447B46553761 http://zoobank.org/64DCCEC6-AD9D-4546-983B-8919E7D9F501 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.9 http://zenodo.org/record/3380981 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FF82FFE6FF88E97C465E447B46553761 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380983 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380985 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380987 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380989 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380991 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380993 http://zoobank.org/64DCCEC6-AD9D-4546-983B-8919E7D9F501 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5936278 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Ptychopteridae Zhiganka article-journal ScholarlyArticle Text Taxonomic treatment 2019 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5936279 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.9 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380983 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380985 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380987 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3380989 https: 2022-03-10T16:33:19Z Genus: Zhiganka Lukashevich, 1995 (Figures 1–4, 5A, 6 A–D) Type species. Zhiganka comitans Lukashevich, 1995: 170, fig. 1e,g. Diagnosis (emended). Adult. Medium-size gracile flies, 9–13 mm long (Fig. 1B, G). Head not appressed to thorax (Figs 2A, D, 3A). Antenna with 19 flagellomeres, each with distinct scattered (4?) macrosetae and short pubescence, apical flagellomere reduced to button-like structure (Figs 2A, C, 3B). Clypeus acutely triangular, labrum small, sclerotized, labella large. Maxillary palpus elongate, with apical and preapical segments subequal (Figs 1A, 2D, 3A). Antepronotum well developed, prescutal suture distinct, scutum with incomplete transverse suture, all pleural sclerites without setae, transepimeral suture present (Figs 2D, 3A, 4F). Wings rather broad, slightly shorter than abdomen, with macrotrichia confined to apex adjacent to costa; C ending at wing apex, Rs stem long, aligned with straight R 4+5 stem, fork R 4+5 longer than R 4+5 stem; crossvein r-m under Rs furcation; spurious vein between veins R and M long; M forks before r-m M 1+2 unforked, straight, and extremely thin; CuA slightly sigmoidal beyond m-cu anal lobe well developed (Figs 1B, G, 2B, G, 3C, 4 A–C, 5A, 6A–C). Legs uniformly dark, without banding, tibial spur formula 1:2:2, foreleg spur spine-like, unmodified (Fig. 1 C–F). Abdomen narrow in both sexes (Fig. 1B, G). Male: epandrium divided into epandrial lobes, surstyli distinct. Gonocoxite without secondary lobe. Gonostylus simple lobe-like, pubescent. Hypandrium divided into basal and terminal divisions (Figs 2E, F, 3 F–H, 4D, E). Female: cerci tablike, setose, lightly sclerotized (Fig. 1H). Spermathecae absent or unsclerotized. Species included. Besides the type species from Zhigansk (Batylykh Formation, Yakutia, Russia; Lower Cretaceous), Z. woolgari Lukashevich, Coram, Jarzembowski, 2001 from Clockhouse (Wealden Group, United Kingdom; Upper Hauterivian) and Z. longialata sp. nov . described below from Khasurty (Gusinoe Ozero Group, Transbaikalia, Russia; Lower Cretaceous). Remarks. The genus was established based on isolated wings and pupal fragments (the only immature stage known so far). For adults of each previously known species only an incompletly preserved isolated wing was described, so the diagnosis was limited to wing venation. The additional crossvein r-m was cautiously shown with a dotted line in Z. comitans (Lukashevich, 1995: fig. 1g) but was not observed in Z. woolgari (Lukashevich et al ., 2001: fig.10). Reexamination of the holotype of Z. comitans by SEM (Fig. 5B) made it clear that this additional r-m is a preservation artifact, the vein M 1+2 is the thinnest and a long spurious vein (a longitudinal vein-like thickening in the membrane between veins R and M, bisecting crossvein r-m and ending in cell r 5) is present. Therefore, the venation patterns of the type species and the new species described herein (Fig. 5A) are identical. The holotype of Z. woolgari was not available for the study. Macrotrichia on the apical part of the wing are conspicuous in the new species (Figs 2G, 6B, C), but are barely discernible, without certainty, in the type species; however, this can be due to a poor state of preservation of Z. comitans. The new species is, therefore, included in Zhiganka and the diagnosis of the genus is revised accordingly. : Published as part of Lukashevich, Elena D., 2019, Review of the fossil record of Bittacomorphinae (Diptera: Ptychopteridae), pp. 566-578 in Zootaxa 4661 (3) on pages 567-568, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3380981 : {"references": ["Lukashevich, E. D. (1995) First pupae of the Eoptychopteridae and Ptychopteridae from the Mesozoic of Siberia (Insecta: Diptera). Paleontological Journal, 29 (4), 164 - 170.", "Lukashevich, E. D. Coram, R. A. & Jarzembowski, E. A. (2001) New true flies (Insecta: Diptera) from the Lower Cretaceous of Southern England. Cretaceous Research, 22, 451 - 460. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / cres. 2001.026 5"]} Text Yakutia Siberia DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Ozero ENVELOPE(162.051,162.051,57.057,57.057) Zhigansk ENVELOPE(123.374,123.374,66.766,66.766) |