The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020)
This is chapter 4 of the State of Environmental Science in Svalbard (SESS) report 2021. Strong stratospheric ozone reductions during the spring months were first observed in Antarctica in the early 1980s. Follow-up ozone monitoring showed that such reductions occurred annually to a varying extent, m...
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.5751922 2023-05-15T13:40:45+02:00 The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020) Petkov, Boyan H Vitale, Vito Di Carlo, Piero Hansen, Georg H Svendby, Tove M Láska, Kamil Sobolewski, Piotr S Solomatnikova, Anna Pavlova, Kseniya Johnsen, Bjørn Posyniak, Michal A Elster, Josef Mazzola, Mauro Lupi, Angelo Verazzo, Giulio 2022 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751922 https://zenodo.org/record/5751922 en eng Zenodo https://zenodo.org/communities/sios https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751921 https://zenodo.org/communities/sios Open Access Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY Arctic ozone extreme ozone depletions Arctic environment solar UV irradiance in the Arctic Report report 2022 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751922 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751921 2022-02-09T13:14:10Z This is chapter 4 of the State of Environmental Science in Svalbard (SESS) report 2021. Strong stratospheric ozone reductions during the spring months were first observed in Antarctica in the early 1980s. Follow-up ozone monitoring showed that such reductions occurred annually to a varying extent, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. However, similar events were occasionally observed also in the Northern Hemisphere; these Arctic ozone reductions were especially pronounced in 1996, 1997, 2011 and 2020. Ozone distribution maps for March (Arctic spring) clearly show the strength of these episodes and how they contrast with the usual Arctic ozone behaviour. Comparison with the ozone distribution during the Antarctic spring (October) in the same years reveals that the extremely strong 2020 Arctic episode was comparable to the ozone depletion events in the Antarctic. According to current knowledge, these phenomena are triggered by the specific dynamics in the atmosphere over the polar regions in late winter and early spring when an extremely large vortex forms in the stratosphere and closes off a certain volume of the air from external impacts. That leads to a deep cooling and the formation of clouds in the low stratosphere. Heterogeneous chemical reactions taking place on the particles within these clouds form active chlorine species which destroy ozone. Usually, the Arctic polar vortex is much less intensive than the Antarctic one and is unable to create the conditions for a strong ozone reduction, which explains the differences between hemispheres. This report presents total ozone levels and solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation during the 2020 episode as measured from Svalbard. The stratospheric ozone reduction in spring 2020 nearly doubled the amount of UV-B radiation that reached the ground. This could significantly stress organisms adapted to a certain level of UV-B irradiance. Report Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Svalbard DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Svalbard |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic ozone extreme ozone depletions Arctic environment solar UV irradiance in the Arctic |
spellingShingle |
Arctic ozone extreme ozone depletions Arctic environment solar UV irradiance in the Arctic Petkov, Boyan H Vitale, Vito Di Carlo, Piero Hansen, Georg H Svendby, Tove M Láska, Kamil Sobolewski, Piotr S Solomatnikova, Anna Pavlova, Kseniya Johnsen, Bjørn Posyniak, Michal A Elster, Josef Mazzola, Mauro Lupi, Angelo Verazzo, Giulio The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020) |
topic_facet |
Arctic ozone extreme ozone depletions Arctic environment solar UV irradiance in the Arctic |
description |
This is chapter 4 of the State of Environmental Science in Svalbard (SESS) report 2021. Strong stratospheric ozone reductions during the spring months were first observed in Antarctica in the early 1980s. Follow-up ozone monitoring showed that such reductions occurred annually to a varying extent, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. However, similar events were occasionally observed also in the Northern Hemisphere; these Arctic ozone reductions were especially pronounced in 1996, 1997, 2011 and 2020. Ozone distribution maps for March (Arctic spring) clearly show the strength of these episodes and how they contrast with the usual Arctic ozone behaviour. Comparison with the ozone distribution during the Antarctic spring (October) in the same years reveals that the extremely strong 2020 Arctic episode was comparable to the ozone depletion events in the Antarctic. According to current knowledge, these phenomena are triggered by the specific dynamics in the atmosphere over the polar regions in late winter and early spring when an extremely large vortex forms in the stratosphere and closes off a certain volume of the air from external impacts. That leads to a deep cooling and the formation of clouds in the low stratosphere. Heterogeneous chemical reactions taking place on the particles within these clouds form active chlorine species which destroy ozone. Usually, the Arctic polar vortex is much less intensive than the Antarctic one and is unable to create the conditions for a strong ozone reduction, which explains the differences between hemispheres. This report presents total ozone levels and solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation during the 2020 episode as measured from Svalbard. The stratospheric ozone reduction in spring 2020 nearly doubled the amount of UV-B radiation that reached the ground. This could significantly stress organisms adapted to a certain level of UV-B irradiance. |
format |
Report |
author |
Petkov, Boyan H Vitale, Vito Di Carlo, Piero Hansen, Georg H Svendby, Tove M Láska, Kamil Sobolewski, Piotr S Solomatnikova, Anna Pavlova, Kseniya Johnsen, Bjørn Posyniak, Michal A Elster, Josef Mazzola, Mauro Lupi, Angelo Verazzo, Giulio |
author_facet |
Petkov, Boyan H Vitale, Vito Di Carlo, Piero Hansen, Georg H Svendby, Tove M Láska, Kamil Sobolewski, Piotr S Solomatnikova, Anna Pavlova, Kseniya Johnsen, Bjørn Posyniak, Michal A Elster, Josef Mazzola, Mauro Lupi, Angelo Verazzo, Giulio |
author_sort |
Petkov, Boyan H |
title |
The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020) |
title_short |
The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020) |
title_full |
The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020) |
title_fullStr |
The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The extreme Arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from Svalbard (EXAODEP-2020) |
title_sort |
extreme arctic ozone depletion in 2020 as was observed from svalbard (exaodep-2020) |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751922 https://zenodo.org/record/5751922 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Svalbard |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Svalbard |
op_relation |
https://zenodo.org/communities/sios https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751921 https://zenodo.org/communities/sios |
op_rights |
Open Access Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751922 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5751921 |
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1766139532775784448 |