Psolidae Forbes 1841

Key to Australian species of Psolidae Forbes, 1841 1 Oral valves interradial if present; 10 tentacles............................................................... 2 - Oral valves radial; 15 tentacles.......................... Ceto cuvieria (Cuvier, 1817) (southern and western Australia) 2 Mid-body...

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Main Authors: Mackenzie, Melanie, Whitfield, Emily
Format: Text
Language:unknown
Published: Zenodo 2011
Subjects:
Online Access:https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669790
https://zenodo.org/record/5669790
id ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.5669790
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology)
op_collection_id ftdatacite
language unknown
topic Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Holothuroidea
Dendrochirotida
Psolidae
spellingShingle Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Holothuroidea
Dendrochirotida
Psolidae
Mackenzie, Melanie
Whitfield, Emily
Psolidae Forbes 1841
topic_facet Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Holothuroidea
Dendrochirotida
Psolidae
description Key to Australian species of Psolidae Forbes, 1841 1 Oral valves interradial if present; 10 tentacles............................................................... 2 - Oral valves radial; 15 tentacles.......................... Ceto cuvieria (Cuvier, 1817) (southern and western Australia) 2 Mid-body tube feet project through dorsal and lateral scales.................................................... 3 - Mid-body tube feet absent dorsally and laterally............................................................ 15 3 “Thorn” ossicles present in body wall and tentacles........................................................... 4 - Body wall and tentacles lacking “thorn ossicles”............................................................ 5 4 Mid-ventral radial series of tube feet present; buttons and rosettes present in dorsal and lateral ossicles, lacking spires on dorsal and lateral multi-layered ossicles; live and preserved colour “black”............................................................................................. Psolidium nigrescens H. L. Clark, 1938 (central New South Wales) - Lacking mid-ventral radial series of tube feet; buttons and rosettes not present in dorsal and lateral ossicles, calcareous spires present on dorsal and lateral multi-layered ossicles; live and preserved colour not “black”................................................................................... Psolidium parmatum (Sluiter, 1901) (NW Australia slope) 5 Dorsal and lateral scales with spires/pillars (not lumps)........................................................ 6 - Dorsal and lateral scales lacking spires/pillars, some species with surface lumps on the scales......................... 7 6 Dorsal and lateral scales predominantly multi-layered ossicles, each with up to two thick, spinous spires, distally digitiform; lacking mid-ventral radial series of tube feet........................ Psolidium oloughlini sp. nov. (southern Australia) - Dorsal and lateral scales lacking multi-layered ossicles, single-layered, thick, perforated plates with predominantly single, marginal, digitiform spires; mid-ventral radial series of tube feet present............................................................................................ Psolidium spinuliferum (H. L. Clark, 1938) (N and W Australia) 7 Body wall with cupped crosses and/or cups................................................................. 8 - Body wall lacking cupped crosses and/or cups.............................................................. 14 8 Cupped crosses and/or cups in sole of 2 size ranges........................................................... 9 - Cupped crosses and/or cups in sole of 1 size............................................................... 10 9 Rosettes present in dorsal body wall and tentacles; smaller cupped crosses and cups up to 32 μm long; sole with irregular thick perforated plates, knobbed on surface and margin........... Psolidium marshae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (SW Australia) - Rosettes absent from dorsal body wall and tentacles; smaller cupped crosses and cups up to 24 μm long; sole with smooth per- forated plates............................................. Psolidium minutum (H.L. Clark, 1938) (E Tasman Sea) 10 Dorsal and lateral cups shallow, completely covered by fine spinelets, including the cross; lacking mid-ventral radial series of tube feet................................. Psolidium mccallumae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (Western Australia slope) - Dorsal and lateral cups and cupped crosses not shallow; spinelets on rim of cup or distally on branches of cupped cross, not on cross; mid-ventral radial series of tube feet present.......................................................... 11 11 Body wall with predominantly cups, fewer cupped crosses.................................................... 12 - Body wall with predominantly cupped crosses, fewer cups.................................................... 13 12 Knobbed plates in sole; tentacle rosettes small, up to 40 μm long; body rounded ventrally in transverse section............................................................ Psolidium berentsae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (NE Queensland) - Perforated plates in sole predominantly smooth; tentacle rosettes large, up to 80 μm long; body flat ventrally............................................................... Psolidium laperousazi O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (SE Australia) 13 Knobbed perforated plates in sole; irregular perforated plates in tentacles..................................................................................... Psolidium hutchingsae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (N New South Wales) - Perforated plates in sole predominantly smooth; tentacles lack irregular perforated plates............................................................................................ Psolidium ravum Hickman, 1962 (SE Australia) 14 Lacking series of mid-ventral radial tube feet; dorsal and lateral tube feet inconspicuous in mid-body; dorsal and lateral scales coarsely granuliform............................ Psolidium granuliferum H.L. Clark, 1938 (southern to SW Australia) - Mid-ventral radial tube feet present as scattered series; dorsal and lateral tube feet conspicuous in mid-body; dorsal and lateral scales finely granuliform............................. Psolidium karenae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (South Australia) 15 Dorsal and lateral scales microscopically smooth; digitiform oral scales interspersed with larger oral scales; very low, flattened profile............................................................ Psolus springthorpei sp. nov. (Queensland) - Dorsal and lateral scales granuliform; lacking digitiform oral scales interspersed with larger oral scales or valves; low to domed profile....................................................................................... 16 16 Dorsal and lateral scales coarsely granuliform; either cups or half-cylinders present in dorsal ossicles.................. 17 - Dorsal and lateral scales finely granuliform; lacking either cups or half-cylinders in dorsal ossicles.................... 18 17 Macroscopically visible dome-like lumps on dorsal and lateral scales; half-cylinders present but lacking cups in dorsal ossicles................................ Psolus salottii sp. nov. (Great Australian Bight - South Australia to Macquarie Island) - Macroscopically visible thick granules (not dome-like lumps) on dorsal and lateral scales; cups present but lacking half-cylinders in dorsal ossicles....................................................... Psolus steuarti sp. nov. (Victoria) 18 Little to no encroaching on oral valves by body wall scales; multi-layered ossicles and perforated plates present dorso-laterally, lacking bowl ossicles in sole........ Psolus antarcticus (Philippi, 1857) (Magellan Strait, Macquarie Island, South Georgia) - Encroaching on oral valves by body wall scales; multi-layered ossicles only present dorso-laterally, bowl ossicles present in sole......................................................... Psolus parantarcticus sp. nov. (Macquarie Island) : Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278771 : {"references": ["Forbes, E. (1841) A history of British starfishes and other animals of the class Echinodermata. John van Voorst: London. 267 pp.", "Cuvier, G. (1817) Le regne animal distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Deterville, Paris, Volume 4, 255 pp., 16 pls.", "Clark, H. L. (1938) Echinoderms from Australia. An account of collections made in 1929 and 1932. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 55, 1 - 596, 28 pls, 63 figs.", "Sluiter, C. P. (1901) Die Holothurien der Siboga - Expedition. Siboga- Expeditie, Buchhandlung en Druckerei v. E. J. Brill: Leiden, 44, 1 - 142, 10 pls.", "O'Loughlin, P. M. & Maric, D. (2008) Australian species of Psolidium Ludwig (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae). Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 65, 1 - 22.", "Hickman, V. V. (1962) Tasmanian sea-cucumbers (Holothuroidea). Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 96, 49 - 72, 2 pls, 186 figs.", "Philippi, A. (1857) Vier neue Echinodermen des Chilenschen Meeres. Archiv Naturgeschicht, 23, 130 - 34."]}
format Text
author Mackenzie, Melanie
Whitfield, Emily
author_facet Mackenzie, Melanie
Whitfield, Emily
author_sort Mackenzie, Melanie
title Psolidae Forbes 1841
title_short Psolidae Forbes 1841
title_full Psolidae Forbes 1841
title_fullStr Psolidae Forbes 1841
title_full_unstemmed Psolidae Forbes 1841
title_sort psolidae forbes 1841
publisher Zenodo
publishDate 2011
url https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669790
https://zenodo.org/record/5669790
long_lat ENVELOPE(-64.264,-64.264,-65.244,-65.244)
ENVELOPE(-66.550,-66.550,-67.783,-67.783)
geographic Buttons
Forbes
Queensland
geographic_facet Buttons
Forbes
Queensland
genre Antarc*
antarcticus
Macquarie Island
genre_facet Antarc*
antarcticus
Macquarie Island
op_relation http://publication.plazi.org/id/9A393E3BDB16FFC9FFDBFFC4FF89FFBD
https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.278771
http://publication.plazi.org/id/9A393E3BDB16FFC9FFDBFFC4FF89FFBD
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669789
https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit
op_rights Open Access
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
op_doi https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669790
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.278771
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669789
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spelling ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.5669790 2023-05-15T13:57:33+02:00 Psolidae Forbes 1841 Mackenzie, Melanie Whitfield, Emily 2011 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669790 https://zenodo.org/record/5669790 unknown Zenodo http://publication.plazi.org/id/9A393E3BDB16FFC9FFDBFFC4FF89FFBD https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.278771 http://publication.plazi.org/id/9A393E3BDB16FFC9FFDBFFC4FF89FFBD https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669789 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Echinodermata Holothuroidea Dendrochirotida Psolidae Taxonomic treatment article-journal Text ScholarlyArticle 2011 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669790 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.278771 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5669789 2022-02-08T13:42:09Z Key to Australian species of Psolidae Forbes, 1841 1 Oral valves interradial if present; 10 tentacles............................................................... 2 - Oral valves radial; 15 tentacles.......................... Ceto cuvieria (Cuvier, 1817) (southern and western Australia) 2 Mid-body tube feet project through dorsal and lateral scales.................................................... 3 - Mid-body tube feet absent dorsally and laterally............................................................ 15 3 “Thorn” ossicles present in body wall and tentacles........................................................... 4 - Body wall and tentacles lacking “thorn ossicles”............................................................ 5 4 Mid-ventral radial series of tube feet present; buttons and rosettes present in dorsal and lateral ossicles, lacking spires on dorsal and lateral multi-layered ossicles; live and preserved colour “black”............................................................................................. Psolidium nigrescens H. L. Clark, 1938 (central New South Wales) - Lacking mid-ventral radial series of tube feet; buttons and rosettes not present in dorsal and lateral ossicles, calcareous spires present on dorsal and lateral multi-layered ossicles; live and preserved colour not “black”................................................................................... Psolidium parmatum (Sluiter, 1901) (NW Australia slope) 5 Dorsal and lateral scales with spires/pillars (not lumps)........................................................ 6 - Dorsal and lateral scales lacking spires/pillars, some species with surface lumps on the scales......................... 7 6 Dorsal and lateral scales predominantly multi-layered ossicles, each with up to two thick, spinous spires, distally digitiform; lacking mid-ventral radial series of tube feet........................ Psolidium oloughlini sp. nov. (southern Australia) - Dorsal and lateral scales lacking multi-layered ossicles, single-layered, thick, perforated plates with predominantly single, marginal, digitiform spires; mid-ventral radial series of tube feet present............................................................................................ Psolidium spinuliferum (H. L. Clark, 1938) (N and W Australia) 7 Body wall with cupped crosses and/or cups................................................................. 8 - Body wall lacking cupped crosses and/or cups.............................................................. 14 8 Cupped crosses and/or cups in sole of 2 size ranges........................................................... 9 - Cupped crosses and/or cups in sole of 1 size............................................................... 10 9 Rosettes present in dorsal body wall and tentacles; smaller cupped crosses and cups up to 32 μm long; sole with irregular thick perforated plates, knobbed on surface and margin........... Psolidium marshae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (SW Australia) - Rosettes absent from dorsal body wall and tentacles; smaller cupped crosses and cups up to 24 μm long; sole with smooth per- forated plates............................................. Psolidium minutum (H.L. Clark, 1938) (E Tasman Sea) 10 Dorsal and lateral cups shallow, completely covered by fine spinelets, including the cross; lacking mid-ventral radial series of tube feet................................. Psolidium mccallumae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (Western Australia slope) - Dorsal and lateral cups and cupped crosses not shallow; spinelets on rim of cup or distally on branches of cupped cross, not on cross; mid-ventral radial series of tube feet present.......................................................... 11 11 Body wall with predominantly cups, fewer cupped crosses.................................................... 12 - Body wall with predominantly cupped crosses, fewer cups.................................................... 13 12 Knobbed plates in sole; tentacle rosettes small, up to 40 μm long; body rounded ventrally in transverse section............................................................ Psolidium berentsae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (NE Queensland) - Perforated plates in sole predominantly smooth; tentacle rosettes large, up to 80 μm long; body flat ventrally............................................................... Psolidium laperousazi O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (SE Australia) 13 Knobbed perforated plates in sole; irregular perforated plates in tentacles..................................................................................... Psolidium hutchingsae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (N New South Wales) - Perforated plates in sole predominantly smooth; tentacles lack irregular perforated plates............................................................................................ Psolidium ravum Hickman, 1962 (SE Australia) 14 Lacking series of mid-ventral radial tube feet; dorsal and lateral tube feet inconspicuous in mid-body; dorsal and lateral scales coarsely granuliform............................ Psolidium granuliferum H.L. Clark, 1938 (southern to SW Australia) - Mid-ventral radial tube feet present as scattered series; dorsal and lateral tube feet conspicuous in mid-body; dorsal and lateral scales finely granuliform............................. Psolidium karenae O'Loughlin & Maric, 2008 (South Australia) 15 Dorsal and lateral scales microscopically smooth; digitiform oral scales interspersed with larger oral scales; very low, flattened profile............................................................ Psolus springthorpei sp. nov. (Queensland) - Dorsal and lateral scales granuliform; lacking digitiform oral scales interspersed with larger oral scales or valves; low to domed profile....................................................................................... 16 16 Dorsal and lateral scales coarsely granuliform; either cups or half-cylinders present in dorsal ossicles.................. 17 - Dorsal and lateral scales finely granuliform; lacking either cups or half-cylinders in dorsal ossicles.................... 18 17 Macroscopically visible dome-like lumps on dorsal and lateral scales; half-cylinders present but lacking cups in dorsal ossicles................................ Psolus salottii sp. nov. (Great Australian Bight - South Australia to Macquarie Island) - Macroscopically visible thick granules (not dome-like lumps) on dorsal and lateral scales; cups present but lacking half-cylinders in dorsal ossicles....................................................... Psolus steuarti sp. nov. (Victoria) 18 Little to no encroaching on oral valves by body wall scales; multi-layered ossicles and perforated plates present dorso-laterally, lacking bowl ossicles in sole........ Psolus antarcticus (Philippi, 1857) (Magellan Strait, Macquarie Island, South Georgia) - Encroaching on oral valves by body wall scales; multi-layered ossicles only present dorso-laterally, bowl ossicles present in sole......................................................... Psolus parantarcticus sp. nov. (Macquarie Island) : Published as part of Mackenzie, Melanie & Whitfield, Emily, 2011, An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species, pp. 21-36 in Zootaxa 3037 on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278771 : {"references": ["Forbes, E. (1841) A history of British starfishes and other animals of the class Echinodermata. John van Voorst: London. 267 pp.", "Cuvier, G. (1817) Le regne animal distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. Deterville, Paris, Volume 4, 255 pp., 16 pls.", "Clark, H. L. (1938) Echinoderms from Australia. An account of collections made in 1929 and 1932. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 55, 1 - 596, 28 pls, 63 figs.", "Sluiter, C. P. (1901) Die Holothurien der Siboga - Expedition. Siboga- Expeditie, Buchhandlung en Druckerei v. E. J. Brill: Leiden, 44, 1 - 142, 10 pls.", "O'Loughlin, P. M. & Maric, D. (2008) Australian species of Psolidium Ludwig (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae). Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 65, 1 - 22.", "Hickman, V. V. (1962) Tasmanian sea-cucumbers (Holothuroidea). Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 96, 49 - 72, 2 pls, 186 figs.", "Philippi, A. (1857) Vier neue Echinodermen des Chilenschen Meeres. Archiv Naturgeschicht, 23, 130 - 34."]} Text Antarc* antarcticus Macquarie Island DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Buttons ENVELOPE(-64.264,-64.264,-65.244,-65.244) Forbes ENVELOPE(-66.550,-66.550,-67.783,-67.783) Queensland