Echinometra lucunter subsp. lucunter lucunter (Linnaeus 1758

• Main Authors: Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias, Ávila, Sérgio P.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2019
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Echinodermata; Echinoidea; Camarodonta; Echinometridae; Echinometra; Echinometra lucunter; Echinometra lucunter lucunter linnaeus, 1758; St. Helena; Andreas; Ricardo; Maria Island; Pawson; South Atlantic Ocean
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5583498; https://zenodo.org/record/5583498

Erroneous— Echinometra lucunter lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) Reports for the Azores: Echinometra subangularis Desmoulins—Agassiz 1872: 234. See: Mortensen (1943a: 357–368, figs. 172–175, pl. 41, figs. 1–5, pl. 42, figs. 12–14, pl. 43, figs. 1–13, pl. 44, fig. 9, pl. 64, figs. 17, 20–24); Pawson (1978: 20–23, figs. 8–10). Occurrence: Atlantic, from North Carolina and Bermuda, southwards to Brazil (Mortensen 1943 a, Schultz 2006), and eastwards from Cape Verde to Angola (H.L. Clark 1925, Mortensen 1936); the subspecies E. lucunter polypora is restricted to Ascension and St. Helena islands (Pawson 1978). Depth: 0–45 m (Mortensen 1943a). Habitat: hard substrates (bioeroder; Mortensen 1943a). Larval stage: planktotrophic (Mortensen 1921). Fossil record: Ericichnus bromleyi , a relatively recent described ichnospecies portraying groove-borings found in a Pliocene fossiliferous outcrop in Malbusca (Santa Maria Island) is thought to be made by the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter (see Santos et al. 2015). Commercial value: edible (Lawrence 2007). Remarks: Agassiz (1872) listed the Azores under the geographical range of Echinometra lucunter (under the name Echinometra subangularis ), which is clearly a misprint. The author never mentioned the archipelago again, whether listing the examined specimens’ locations or discussing the distribution range for this species. This tropical species does not occur in the present-day shallow waters of the Azores and no specimens were ever reported from the area. : Published as part of Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1) on page 172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3342161 : {"references": ["Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. 1. 10 th Edition. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp.", "Mortensen, T. (1943 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. III. 3. Camarodonta. II. Echinidae, Strongylocentrotidae, Parasaleniidae, Echinometridae. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 446 pp.", "Pawson, D. L. (1978) The Echinoderm Fauna of Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 2, 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 01960768.2.1", "Clark, H. L. (1925) A catalogue of the Recent sea urchins (Echinoidea) in the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum and Oxford University Press, London, 250 pp.", "Mortensen, T. (1936) Echinoidea and Ophiuroidea. Discovery Reports, 12, 199 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 8051", "Mortensen, T. (1921) Studies of the Development and Larval Forms of Echinoderms. G. E. C. Gad, Copenhagen, 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11376", "Santos, A., Mayoral, E., Dumont, C. P., da Silva, C. M., Avila, S. P., Gudveig Baarli, B., Cach \" o, M., Johnson, M. E. & Ramalho, R. S. (2015) Role of environmental change in rock-boring echinoid trace fossils. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 432, 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2015.04.029", "Lawrence, J. M. (2007) Edible Sea Urchins: Biology and Ecology. Elsevier, Boston, 380 pp.", "Agassiz, A. (1872 - 1874) Revision of the Echini. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zo \u02c6 logy at Harvard College, 7 (1 - 4), 1 - 762."]}