Pyura gangelion

• Main Author: Monniot, Claude
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2002
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Chordata; Ascidiacea; Stolidobranchia; Pyuridae; Pyura; Pyura gangelion; Pacific; Indian; Queensland; Charcot; Pourquoi Pas; Pourquoi-Pas; Pourquoi-Pas?; Gravier; Antarc*; Antarctique*
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5490283; https://zenodo.org/record/5490283

PYURA GANGELION (SAVIGNY, 1816) (Figs 14D, 27A) Cynthia gangelion Savigny, 1816: 90–147 – Red Sea. Halocynthia gangelion : Sluiter, 1905: 15 – Djibouti. Pyura gangelion : Monniot C., 1973: 57 – Red Sea; Monniot F. & Monniot C., 2001: 344, figs 106,108A and 130B. Pyura (Halocynthia) sansibarica Michaelsen, 1908: 251 – Zanzibar. Pyura sansibarica: Michaelsen, 1918: 8 – Red Sea; Millar, 1956 – Mozambique; Vasseur, 1969: 926 – Madagascar. Pyura obesa not Sluiter, 1912; Hartmeyer, 1919: 14 – Western Australia; Kott, 1985: 315 – Australia. Pyura robusta Hartmeyer, 1922; Kott, 1998: 185 and synonymy – Australia. Pyura albanyensis Michaelsen, 1927: 193 – Albany; Hartmeyer & Michaelsen, 1928: 435; Monniot C., 1989: 490 – New Caledonia and synonymy; Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1991: 441 – New Caledonia; Monniot F. & Monniot C., 1996: 263 – Papua New Guinea; Kott, 1992: 645 – Australia. Material Red Sea, Eilat, coll. ISRSE, 1962. Mozambique: Ibo Island, coll. C. Monniot, 1995. Djibouti, 3–35 m, coll. C. Monniot, 1996. Description The mature specimens measure 1.5 cm to 6.5 cm across. They are attached by their ventral side. The largest have epibionts. The thick tunic is reddishbrown, with deep ridges. The youngest specimens have lower protuberances that are more regularly spaced on the sides of the body, and they show double brown lines between the four pale lobes of the siphons (Fig. 14D). The sessile siphons are well apart with obvious spinules. The spinules are dense, about 100 m m in length (Fig. 27A). The internal anatomy corresponds to the descriptions by Monniot (1973) and Monniot & Monniot (1996). The oral tentacles have few ramifications. The prepharyngeal band has two thick crests. The round dorsal tubercle opens in a C. The branchial sac has six high folds on each side, each with 25 longitudinal vessels, and each fold is separated by three to five vessels. There are parastigmatic vessels. The gut does not widen much at the stomach. The hepatic gland is made of several lobes. One of the lobes, on the pyloric stomach wall is particularly voluminous, in the shape of a cauliflower, with a green colour that remains in formalin. The gaping anus has a plain edge. There is one gonad on each side, made of numerous lobes. The left gonad lies in the gut loop. Endocarps are present above the gonads, along the outer curve of the intestine, and on each side of the heart. Remarks This species is widely distributed in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Among Pyura species with six branchial folds, it is characterized by the disposition of the endocarps and by its siphonal spinules. Its recent collection in the Indian Ocean allows a diverse synonymy to be established here. : Published as part of Monniot, Claude, 2002, Stolidobranch ascidians from the tropical western Indian Ocean, pp. 65-120 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 135 (1) on page 100, DOI: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00017.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5434598 : {"references": ["Savigny JC. 1816. Memoires sur les animaux sans vertebres. Paris 1816: 1 - 239.", "Sluiter CP. 1905. Tuniciers recueillis en 1904 par Mr. Ch. Gravier dans le golfe de Tadjourah (Somalie francaise). Memoires de la societe zoologique de France 18: 5 - 21.", "Michaelsen W. 1908. Die Pyuriden ' Halocynthiiden' des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Hamburg. Mittelungen aus dem zoologischen Museum Hamburg 25: 225 - 287.", "Michaelsen W. 1918. Die Ptychobranchen und Diktyobranchen Ascidien des westlichen Indischen Ozeans. Mitteilungen aus zoologischen Museum in Hamburg 35: 1 - 73.", "Millar RH. 1956. 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Melbourne: CSIRO, 51 - 215.", "Michaelsen W. 1927. Einige neue Westaustraliche Ptychobranchiate Ascidien. Zoologischer Anzeiger 71: 193 - 192 O 3.", "Hartmeyer R, Michaelsen W. 1928. Ascidiae Dicty- obranchiae und Ptychobranchiae. Fauna Sudwest-Australiens 5: 251 - 460.", "Kott P. 1992. The Australian Ascidiacea (Suppl. 2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32: 621 - 655.", "Monniot F, Monniot C. 1996. New collections of ascidians from the Western Pacific and Southeastern Asia. Micronesica 29: 133 - 279.", "Monniot C, Monniot F. 1973. Ascidies abyssales recoltees au cours de la campagne oceanographique Biacores par le ' Jean Charcot'. Bulletin du Museum National D'histoire Naturelle Paris (3), 121 (Zool. 93): 389 - 475."]}