Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936
Pseudotrapezium aff. groenlandicum Spath, 1936 (Figure 16 H–P) 1936 aff. Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum sp. nov. —Spath, p. 125, pl. 49, fig. 7a–c. ? 1982 aff. Hartwellia ( Hartwellia ) groenlandica (Spath) —Fürsich, p. 89. 2011 Arcticid—Hammer et al ., fig. 7m, tab. 2. Material examined. 820 specime...
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.5228264 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
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DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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topic |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Mollusca Bivalvia Venerida Arcticidae Pseudotrapezium Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum |
spellingShingle |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Mollusca Bivalvia Venerida Arcticidae Pseudotrapezium Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Hryniewicz, Krzysztof Little, Crispin T. S. Nakrem, Hans Arne Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936 |
topic_facet |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Mollusca Bivalvia Venerida Arcticidae Pseudotrapezium Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum |
description |
Pseudotrapezium aff. groenlandicum Spath, 1936 (Figure 16 H–P) 1936 aff. Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum sp. nov. —Spath, p. 125, pl. 49, fig. 7a–c. ? 1982 aff. Hartwellia ( Hartwellia ) groenlandica (Spath) —Fürsich, p. 89. 2011 Arcticid—Hammer et al ., fig. 7m, tab. 2. Material examined. 820 specimens, mostly articulated or semi-articulated shells and internal moulds. See Appendix 1 for list of specimens. Dimensions. 12–15 mm in length, 9.8–11 mm in height, 8–10 mm in width. See Figure 18 A–D and Appendix 2L for details. Description. Small, moderately inflated with very thin shell. Beaks prosogyrate, very strongly incurved. Lunule moderately deep. Anterior margin projecting, arcuate, passing into broadly arched ventral margin. Posterior area with two carinae, posteroventral extremity slightly rostrate where intersected by first carina, passing into truncated oblique posterior margin. Second carina weak, parallel to the posterodorsal margin. Posterodorsal margin straight. External ornament composed of very weak commarginal growth lines. Hinge plate large and thick; lateral tooth AI developed, separated from 1; 3a absent. 1 and 3b separated, diverging from umbo; 1 strong and vertical; 3b thick, anterodorsally inclined. Angle between 1 and 3b ca. 70°. Left valve dentition unknown. Anterior adductor muscle scar weak, elongated along pallial line, around twice as long as wide, not detached. Posterior adductor muscle scar weak, rounded. Pallial line weak, entire. Remarks. We compare our specimens with Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath, 1936, from Milne Land, East Greenland (Spath 1936) due to their thick hinge plate, similar cardinal dentition and external shape. However, the Svalbard specimens are much smaller and more thin shelled than the Greenland material, so we are not entirely sure they represent the same species and leave them in open nomenclature. Fürsich (1982) moved P . groenlandicum into the genus Hartwellia Kitchin, 1926, and redescribed it as Hartwellia ( H .) groenlandica . Hartwellia was considered by Cox (1944) to be a synonym of Pronoella Fischer, 1887. Including P . groenlandicum into Pronoella is not justified by the hinge of our Svalbard specimens. Both Pronoella and Pseudotrapezium have relatively thick hinge plates and a similar external shape (e.g. Casey 1952), but AI and 1 are connected in Pronoella into a single elongate denticle and separated in Pseudotrapezium (Benecke 1905), showing the genera are not the same. Occurrence. P s eudotrapezium groenlandicum : Lower Volgian–Lower Ryazanian of Milne Land, East Greenland (Spath 1936; Fürsich 1982). Pseudotrapezium aff. groenlandicum : seeps 2, 3, 5, 8, 9 and 12 (Upper Volgian–uppermost Ryazanian), Slottsmøya Member, Svalbard (Tab. 1). Palaeoecology. We assume that P . aff. groenlandicum was a burrower, feeding on organic-rich sediment layer while resting in the shallow subsurface. The lack of a pallial sinus suggests that P . aff. groenlandicum possessed very short siphons, similar to its extant relative Arctica islandica (Linnaeus, 1767). Arctica islandica has very short siphons and positions its posterior extremity at the sediment-water interface for feeding on organic matter from the sediment surface (Morton 2011). As it does so it remains relatively motionless, circulating water only by means of ciliary movement (Brand & Taylor 1974). It can rebury itself into deeper sediment layers, where it remains isolated from seawater for up to seven days when it is not feeding, and respires anaerobically (Taylor 1976). The clustering of very large numbers of P . aff. groenlandicum specimens in seep 9 is difficult to explain. No association between arcticids and chemosymbiotic bacteria has been noted to date, so we do not envisage any specific trophic link between P . aff. groenlandicum and the seep environment. Subclass Anomalodesmata Dall, 1889 Order Pholadomyoida Newell, 1965 : Published as part of Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Little, Crispin T. S. & Nakrem, Hans Arne, 2014, Bivalves from the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 3859 (1) on pages 41-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4930112 : {"references": ["Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50.", "Fursich, F. T. (1982) Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. GrOnlands Geologiske UndersOgelse, 144, 1 - 126.", "Kitchin, F. L. (1926) A new genus of lamellibranchs (Hartwellia gen. nov.) from the Upper Kimmeridge Clay of England. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 433, pl. 19. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932608633540", "Cox, L. R. (1944) On the Jurassic Lamellibranch genera Hartwellia and Pronoella. Geological Magazine, 81, 100 - 112. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0016756800074896", "Fischer, P. (1887) Manuel de conchyliologie et de paleontologie conchyliologique ou histoire naturelle des mollusques vivants et fossiles. 10. Classes des pelecypodes. F. Savy, Paris, 1009 - 1140. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13213", "Casey, R. (1952) Some genera and subgenera, mainly new, of Mesozoic heterodont Lamellibranchs. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 29, 121 - 176.", "Benecke, E. W. (1905) Die Versteinerungen der Eisenerzformation von Deutsch-Lothringen und Luxemburg. Abhandlungen der geologischen Spezialkarte von Elsass-Lothringen, neue Folge, 6, 1 - 591, pls. 1 - 59.", "Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema Naturae. Editio duodecima. 1. Part 2. Regnum Animale. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae, 533 - 1327.", "Morton, B. (2011) The biology and functional morphology of Arctica islandica (Bivalvia: Arcticidae) - A gerontophilic living fossil. Marine Biology Research, 7, 540 - 533. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2010.535833", "Brand, A. R. & Taylor, A. C. (1974) Pumping activity of Arctica islandica (L.) and some other common bivalves. Marine Behavior and Physiology, 3, 1 - 15. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 10236247409378492", "Taylor, A. C. (1976) Burrowing behaviour and anaerobosis in the bivalve Arctica islandica. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 56, 95 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400020464", "Dall, W. H. (1889) On the hinge of pelecypods and its development, with an attempt toward a better subdivision of the group. American Journal of Science, 38, 445 - 461. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 38.228.445", "Newell, N. D. (1965) Classification of the Bivalvia. American Museum Novitates, 2206, 1 - 26."]} |
format |
Text |
author |
Hryniewicz, Krzysztof Little, Crispin T. S. Nakrem, Hans Arne |
author_facet |
Hryniewicz, Krzysztof Little, Crispin T. S. Nakrem, Hans Arne |
author_sort |
Hryniewicz, Krzysztof |
title |
Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936 |
title_short |
Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936 |
title_full |
Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936 |
title_fullStr |
Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936 |
title_sort |
pseudotrapezium groenlandicum spath 1936 |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228264 https://zenodo.org/record/5228264 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-61.220,-61.220,-62.697,-62.697) ENVELOPE(-59.533,-59.533,-62.333,-62.333) ENVELOPE(70.203,70.203,-49.626,-49.626) ENVELOPE(17.415,17.415,78.046,78.046) ENVELOPE(-26.750,-26.750,70.683,70.683) |
geographic |
Svalbard Greenland Morton Newell Gronland Slottsmøya Milne Land |
geographic_facet |
Svalbard Greenland Morton Newell Gronland Slottsmøya Milne Land |
genre |
Arctica islandica East Greenland Greenland Milne Land Svalbard Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Arctica islandica East Greenland Greenland Milne Land Svalbard Spitsbergen |
op_relation |
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op_rights |
Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228264 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228109 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930138 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228265 |
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1766353197104889856 |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.5228264 2023-05-15T15:22:33+02:00 Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936 Hryniewicz, Krzysztof Little, Crispin T. S. Nakrem, Hans Arne 2014 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228264 https://zenodo.org/record/5228264 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/4930112 http://publication.plazi.org/id/5E0865359F19E3250471FFA5FFA82955 http://zoobank.org/24FCAAE1-AB7C-4FAD-8698-D0C9F12400EC https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1 http://zenodo.org/record/4930112 http://publication.plazi.org/id/5E0865359F19E3250471FFA5FFA82955 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228109 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930138 http://zoobank.org/24FCAAE1-AB7C-4FAD-8698-D0C9F12400EC https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228265 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Mollusca Bivalvia Venerida Arcticidae Pseudotrapezium Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Taxonomic treatment article-journal Text ScholarlyArticle 2014 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228264 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228109 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930138 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228265 2022-02-08T12:07:57Z Pseudotrapezium aff. groenlandicum Spath, 1936 (Figure 16 H–P) 1936 aff. Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum sp. nov. —Spath, p. 125, pl. 49, fig. 7a–c. ? 1982 aff. Hartwellia ( Hartwellia ) groenlandica (Spath) —Fürsich, p. 89. 2011 Arcticid—Hammer et al ., fig. 7m, tab. 2. Material examined. 820 specimens, mostly articulated or semi-articulated shells and internal moulds. See Appendix 1 for list of specimens. Dimensions. 12–15 mm in length, 9.8–11 mm in height, 8–10 mm in width. See Figure 18 A–D and Appendix 2L for details. Description. Small, moderately inflated with very thin shell. Beaks prosogyrate, very strongly incurved. Lunule moderately deep. Anterior margin projecting, arcuate, passing into broadly arched ventral margin. Posterior area with two carinae, posteroventral extremity slightly rostrate where intersected by first carina, passing into truncated oblique posterior margin. Second carina weak, parallel to the posterodorsal margin. Posterodorsal margin straight. External ornament composed of very weak commarginal growth lines. Hinge plate large and thick; lateral tooth AI developed, separated from 1; 3a absent. 1 and 3b separated, diverging from umbo; 1 strong and vertical; 3b thick, anterodorsally inclined. Angle between 1 and 3b ca. 70°. Left valve dentition unknown. Anterior adductor muscle scar weak, elongated along pallial line, around twice as long as wide, not detached. Posterior adductor muscle scar weak, rounded. Pallial line weak, entire. Remarks. We compare our specimens with Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath, 1936, from Milne Land, East Greenland (Spath 1936) due to their thick hinge plate, similar cardinal dentition and external shape. However, the Svalbard specimens are much smaller and more thin shelled than the Greenland material, so we are not entirely sure they represent the same species and leave them in open nomenclature. Fürsich (1982) moved P . groenlandicum into the genus Hartwellia Kitchin, 1926, and redescribed it as Hartwellia ( H .) groenlandica . Hartwellia was considered by Cox (1944) to be a synonym of Pronoella Fischer, 1887. Including P . groenlandicum into Pronoella is not justified by the hinge of our Svalbard specimens. Both Pronoella and Pseudotrapezium have relatively thick hinge plates and a similar external shape (e.g. Casey 1952), but AI and 1 are connected in Pronoella into a single elongate denticle and separated in Pseudotrapezium (Benecke 1905), showing the genera are not the same. Occurrence. P s eudotrapezium groenlandicum : Lower Volgian–Lower Ryazanian of Milne Land, East Greenland (Spath 1936; Fürsich 1982). Pseudotrapezium aff. groenlandicum : seeps 2, 3, 5, 8, 9 and 12 (Upper Volgian–uppermost Ryazanian), Slottsmøya Member, Svalbard (Tab. 1). Palaeoecology. We assume that P . aff. groenlandicum was a burrower, feeding on organic-rich sediment layer while resting in the shallow subsurface. The lack of a pallial sinus suggests that P . aff. groenlandicum possessed very short siphons, similar to its extant relative Arctica islandica (Linnaeus, 1767). Arctica islandica has very short siphons and positions its posterior extremity at the sediment-water interface for feeding on organic matter from the sediment surface (Morton 2011). As it does so it remains relatively motionless, circulating water only by means of ciliary movement (Brand & Taylor 1974). It can rebury itself into deeper sediment layers, where it remains isolated from seawater for up to seven days when it is not feeding, and respires anaerobically (Taylor 1976). The clustering of very large numbers of P . aff. groenlandicum specimens in seep 9 is difficult to explain. No association between arcticids and chemosymbiotic bacteria has been noted to date, so we do not envisage any specific trophic link between P . aff. groenlandicum and the seep environment. Subclass Anomalodesmata Dall, 1889 Order Pholadomyoida Newell, 1965 : Published as part of Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Little, Crispin T. S. & Nakrem, Hans Arne, 2014, Bivalves from the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 3859 (1) on pages 41-43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4930112 : {"references": ["Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50.", "Fursich, F. T. (1982) Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. GrOnlands Geologiske UndersOgelse, 144, 1 - 126.", "Kitchin, F. L. (1926) A new genus of lamellibranchs (Hartwellia gen. nov.) from the Upper Kimmeridge Clay of England. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 433, pl. 19. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932608633540", "Cox, L. R. (1944) On the Jurassic Lamellibranch genera Hartwellia and Pronoella. Geological Magazine, 81, 100 - 112. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0016756800074896", "Fischer, P. (1887) Manuel de conchyliologie et de paleontologie conchyliologique ou histoire naturelle des mollusques vivants et fossiles. 10. Classes des pelecypodes. F. Savy, Paris, 1009 - 1140. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13213", "Casey, R. (1952) Some genera and subgenera, mainly new, of Mesozoic heterodont Lamellibranchs. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 29, 121 - 176.", "Benecke, E. W. (1905) Die Versteinerungen der Eisenerzformation von Deutsch-Lothringen und Luxemburg. Abhandlungen der geologischen Spezialkarte von Elsass-Lothringen, neue Folge, 6, 1 - 591, pls. 1 - 59.", "Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema Naturae. Editio duodecima. 1. Part 2. Regnum Animale. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae, 533 - 1327.", "Morton, B. (2011) The biology and functional morphology of Arctica islandica (Bivalvia: Arcticidae) - A gerontophilic living fossil. Marine Biology Research, 7, 540 - 533. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2010.535833", "Brand, A. R. & Taylor, A. C. (1974) Pumping activity of Arctica islandica (L.) and some other common bivalves. Marine Behavior and Physiology, 3, 1 - 15. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 10236247409378492", "Taylor, A. C. (1976) Burrowing behaviour and anaerobosis in the bivalve Arctica islandica. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 56, 95 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400020464", "Dall, W. H. (1889) On the hinge of pelecypods and its development, with an attempt toward a better subdivision of the group. American Journal of Science, 38, 445 - 461. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 38.228.445", "Newell, N. D. (1965) Classification of the Bivalvia. American Museum Novitates, 2206, 1 - 26."]} Text Arctica islandica East Greenland Greenland Milne Land Svalbard Spitsbergen DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Svalbard Greenland Morton ENVELOPE(-61.220,-61.220,-62.697,-62.697) Newell ENVELOPE(-59.533,-59.533,-62.333,-62.333) Gronland ENVELOPE(70.203,70.203,-49.626,-49.626) Slottsmøya ENVELOPE(17.415,17.415,78.046,78.046) Milne Land ENVELOPE(-26.750,-26.750,70.683,70.683) |