Trophoniella Hartman 1959

• Main Author: SALAzAR-Vallejo, Sergio I.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2012
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Annelida; Polychaeta; Terebellida; Flabelligeridae; Trophoniella; Antarctic; Pacific; Blanchard; Fang; Antarc*; North Atlantic
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5172431; https://zenodo.org/record/5172431

KEY TO SPECIES OF THE GENUS TROPHONIELLA HARTMAN, 1959 1. Anchylosed neurohooks starting between chaetigers 4-7, continued throughout the body................................................................................................................................... 2 — Anchylosed neurohooks starting from chaetiger 14, or from posterior chaetigers...... 15 2. Body with sediment particles...................................................................................... 3 — Body almost without sediment particles, with very few, sparse sediment grains, or without sediment grains; anterior chaetigers sometimes with very few sediment particles, or with a thin, dark-brown or blackish crust........................................................................... 6 3. Sediment particles present over the dorsal and ventral surfaces................................... 4 — Sediment particles concentrated dorsally, sometimes extending laterally..................... 7 4. Sediment grains small, very abundant........................................................................ 5 — Sediment grains large; anterior chaetigers without dorsal tubercles or notopodial lobes; first neurohooks from chaetiger 5............................................................................... 9 5. Anterior chaetigers with dorsal tubercles but no notopodial lobes; first neurohooks from chaetiger 7.............................................. T. grandis (Blanchard in Gay, 1849) n. comb. — Anterior chaetigers without dorsal tubercles or notopodial lobes; first neurohooks from chaetiger 5.................................................................... T. ehlersi (Day, 1973) n. comb. 6. Neurohooks bifid; sediment particles mostly black.... T. rigida (Caullery, 1944) n. comb. — Neurohooks entire; sediment particles mostly white................... Trophoniella sp. Brazil 7. Tunic with fine particles, difficult to be detected; notopodia with 6-7 chaetae per bundle; first neurohooks in chaetigers 5-6.......................................................... T. lindae n. sp. — Tunic with larger particles, easily noticed individually................................................ 8 8. Body wall pale or pinkish; few notochaetae (4-5) per bundle; anchylosed neurohooks from chaetigers 4-5........................................... T. americana (Monro, 1928) n. comb. — Body wall grayish; abundant notochaetae (8-10) per bundle; anchylosed neurohooks from chaetigers 5-7........................ T. tumbensis (Hartmann-Schröder, 1962) n. comb. 9. Some neurohooks bidentate; 7-9 notochaetae per bundle........................................................................................................................... T. incerta (Augener, 1918) n. comb. — All neurohooks entire, sometimes eroded................................................................. 10 10. Body with few sediment particles over anterior chaetigers........................................ 11 — Body without sediment particles.............................................................................. 12 11. Body dark pink, finely speckled with red spots, rarely pale; cephalic cage twice as long as body width; 6-8 notochaetae per bundle................................................ T. reishi n. sp. — Body solid brown; cephalic cage 1.0-1.5 times as long as body width; 7-8 notochaetae per bundle................................... T. rudis (Grube & Müller in Grube, 1877) n. comb. 12. Parapodial papillae digitate or slightly capitate; notochaetae with regular articulation..... 13 — Parapodial papillae markedly capitate (distally expanded); notochaetae with irregular articulation, several short articles followed by a medium-sized article, and then several short articles; with 5-6 notochaetae per bundle (body width 5 mm)............ T. havaica (Kinberg, 1867) n. comb. 13. Tunic smooth, transparent (at least in the anterior region); median chaetigers with about 10 notochaetae per bundle (body width 9 mm).......... T. minuta (Blanchard in Gay, 1849) n. comb. — Tunic papillose, looking rugose or areolated, opaque or, if transparent, with fewer notochaetae.............................................................................................................. 14 14. Tunic grayish to reddish, finely speckled with tiny black spots; 5-8 notochaetae per bundle (body width up to 10 mm), each with short articles basally, medium-sized medially, longer distally.............................................................................................. T. salazarae n. sp. — Tunic whitish (transparent in juveniles), without any dark spots; 4-5 notochaetae per bundle (body width 3 mm), each with long articles only............... T. jareckiorum n. sp. 15. Tunic with sediment grains on dorsal and ventral surfaces........................................ 16 — Tunic without sediment grains................................................................................. 25 16. Sediment grains large, completely covering the tunic................................................ 17 — Sediment grains variable, often small; if large, often embedded in the tunic, without concealing it............................................................................................................. 20 17. Sediment particles completely immersed in the tunic; first short neurohooks from chaetiger 5; anchylosed neurohooks bidentate, slightly expanded subdistally, from chaetiger 25....................................................... T. chilensis (Hartman, 1967) n. comb. — Sediment particles partially immersed in the tunic................................................... 18 18. Anterior chaetigers with dorsal tubercles.................................................................. 19 — Anterior chaetigers without dorsal tubercles; anchylosed neurohooks from chaetigers 18-20; neurohooks with accessory tooth about as long as fang..... T. avicularia Caullery, 1944 19. Anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 14; neurohooks with accessory tooth longer than fang.............................................................. T. indica (Fauvel, 1928) n. comb., n. stat. — Anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 40; neurohooks with accessory tooth about as long as fang.................................................................................... T. enigmatica n. sp. 20. Sediment particles often small, completely covering the tunic or dispersed throughout it.................................................................................................................................. 21 — Sediment particles larger, dispersed throughout the tunic......................................... 24 21. Anterior chaetigers with both notopodial and dorsal tubercles.................................. 22 — Anterior chaetigers with notopodial tubercles; dorsal tubercles absent............. T. eliasi n. sp. 22. Dorsal tubercles extending through a short anterior region, up to chaetiger 10 (body 5 mm wide); anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 32................... T. orensanzi n. sp. — Dorsal tubercles extending through a larger anterior, over at least 20 chaetigers........ 23 23. Anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 25; dorsal tubercles extending up to chaetiger 25 (body 5 mm wide)............................................... T. hospita (Fauchald, 1972) n. comb. — Anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 20; dorsal tubercles extending up to about chaetiger 40 (body 10 mm wide)........................................................ T. harrisae n. sp. 24. Anterior chaetigers with notopodial lobes, without dorsal tubercles; first short neurohooks from chaetiger 10; anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 40............... T. fauveli n. sp. — Anterior chaetigers without notopodial or dorsal tubercles; first short neurohooks from chaetiger 5; anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 28..................... T. capitata (Nonato, 1966) n. comb. 25. Tunic smooth, papillae barely visible dorsally, median chaetigers almost without emerging papillae; anterior chaetigers with notopodial tubercles.............................................. 26 — Tunic papillose or velvety, not smooth...................................................................... 27 26. Chaetigers 2-5 with large notopodial lobes, larger in chaetigers 3-5; all neurohooks anchylosed from chaetiger 26; 6-7 notochaetae per bundle................. T. bastidai n. sp. — Chaetigers 2-3 with large notopodial lobes, not visible in other anterior chaetigers; all anchylosed neurohooks from chaetiger 32; 7-8 notochaetae per bundle....................................................................................... T. borealis (Hartman, 1965) n. comb. 27. Median chaetigers with 6-9 transversal rows of papillae per segment; anchylosed neurochaetae slightly expanded medially, starting from chaetiger 50; tunic appearing smooth........................................................................................................................... T. fiegei n. sp. — Median chaetigers with about 15 transversal rows of papillae per segment; anchylosed neurohooks markedly medially expanded, starting from chaetiger 45; tunic velvety or rugose.......................................... T. fernandensis (Augener, 1918) reinstated, n. comb. : Published as part of SALAzAR-Vallejo, Sergio I., 2012, Revision of Trophoniella Hartman, 1959 (Polychaeta, Flabelligeridae), pp. 453-519 in Zoosystema 34 (3) on pages 453-519, DOI: 10.5252/z2012n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5165570 : {"references": ["HARTMAN O. - 1959. Catalogue of the polychaetous annelids of the World, 2. 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Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening 85: 75 - 103 (reprint has 28 - 7 - 1928 on the last page; this is the publication date).", "AUGENER H. 1918. - Polychaeta. Beitrage zur Kenntnis des Meeresfauna West-Afrikas. Herausgegeben von W. Michaelsen. Z. L. Friedrerichsen & Co., Hamburg 2: 67 - 625, 6 pls.", "GRUBE A. E. 1877. - Mittheilungen uber die Familie der Chlorhaeminen. Jahres-Bericht der Schlesischen Gesellschaft fur Vaterlandische Cultur 45: 60 - 73.", "KINBERG J. G. H. 1867. - Annulata Nova (Anthostomea, Chloraemea, Chaetopterea, Maldanea, Ammocharidea, Ampharetea, Terebellea, Heremellea, Serpulea, Teletusea). Kongelige Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar 23: 337 - 357.", "HARTMAN O. 1967. - Polychaetous annelids collected by the USNS Eltanin and Staten Islands cruises, chiefly from Antarctic Seas. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 2: 1 - 387.", "FAUVEL P. 1928. - Annelides polychetes nouvelles de l'Inde, 1. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 34: 90 - 96.", "FAUCHALD K. 1972. - Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep waters off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 7: 1 - 575.", "NONATO E. F. 1966. - Anelideos poliquetas da campanha cientifica do pesqueiro \" Pescal II \". Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico de Sao Paulo 15: 65 - 74.", "HARTMAN O. 1965. - Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Allan Hancock Occasional Papers 28: 1 - 378."]}