Paraphronima crassipes Claus 1879

• Main Author: Zeidler, Wolfgang
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2003
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Malacostraca; Amphipoda; Paraphronimidae; Paraphronima; Paraphronima crassipes; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Pacific; Indian; Antarc*; North Atlantic
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5087252; https://zenodo.org/record/5087252

Paraphronima crassipes Claus (Figs 37 & 38) Hyperia pedestris Guérin­Méneville, 1836: pl. 25, fig. 5. Paraphronima crassipes Claus, 1879: 7 (65)–8(66), pl. 1, figs 6–9; pl. 2, fig. 10. Paraphronima clypeata Bovallius, 1885: 11, fig. 2. Paraphronima pectinata Bovallius, 1887a: 13–14. Paraphronima cuivis Stebbing, 1888: 1337–1342, pl. 157. Type material Type material of P. crassipes could not be found at the ZMB or ZMH and is considered lost. However, the description and figures provided by Claus (1879) are sufficient to characterise this species. The type locality is the “Mediterranean”. No specific locality is given by Claus (1879). Type material of synonyms The holotype of Hyperia pedestris is in the ANSP (CA 2698, Guérin­Méneville Coll. No. 432) (see remarks). Four syntypes of P. clypeata are in the ZMUC (CRU 449–452). Although this material is only in fair condition it is clearly conspecific with P. crassipes . Two syntypes of P. pectinata are in the ZMUC (CRU 447 & 448). Both specimens are in good condition and readily identified as P. crassipes . Bovallius (1889) considers it a synonym of P. clypeata . Syntype material of P. cuivis is in the BMNH (89.5.15.200). These specimens represent both P. crassipes and P. gracilis . However, the material described and illustrated by Stebbing (1888) represent P. crassipes . Material examined (> 250 specimens) Types . Holotype of Hyperia pedestris from the coast off Chile: dried specimen in vial — almost destroyed. Four syntypes of P. clypeata from the North Atlantic; one male (CRU 449, 14 mm) captured 39º10’N, 42º10’W, Andrea , 1863; one female (CRU 450, 11.2 mm) captured 30º34’N, 30º50’W, Andrea , 1862; one female (CRU 451, 14 mm) captured 36º06’N, 39º 28’W, “Warming”, 1866; one female (CRU 452, 10.4 mm) captured 26ºN, 26ºW, “Iversen”, 1871: all in spirit. Two syntypes of P. pectinata from the North Atlantic; one female (CRU 451, 14 mm) captured 36º06’N, 39º28’W, “Warming”, 1866; one female (CRU 452, 10.4 mm) captured 26ºN, 26ºW, “Iversen”, 1871: in spirit, the latter one with mouthparts and A2 missing. Several syntypes of P. cuivis from between Japan and Honolulu, 35ºN, surface, Challenger , July, 1875: several specimens in spirit and 8 microscope slides. Other material examined . Tasman Sea: 16 lots (SAMA), 19 specimens. North Atlantic: 7 lots (BMNH), 7 lots (CMN), 22 lots (USNM), 3 lots (ZMB), several lots (ZMUC), numerous specimens. South Atlantic: 11 lots (BMNH), 24 specimens. North Pacific: 2 lots (CMN), several lots (LACM), 26 lots (USNM), numerous specimens. South Pacific: 1 lot (ZMB), 1 specimen. Indian: 1 lot (BMNH), 4 specimens. Mediterranean: 1 lot (BMNH), 2 specimens. Arabian Sea: 3 lots (BMNH), 3 specimens. Central Indo­Pacific: 3 lots (USNM), 3 specimens. Diagnosis Body length up to 31 mm, but usually 20–24 mm. Head slightly longer than deep. Pereonites 1–4 about equal in width. Pereopods 5–7; anterior margin of ischium to propodus with few or no robust setae. Pereopod 7 only slightly shorter than P6. Pleonite 1; ventral margin of epimeral plate evenly rounded, almost perpendicular to body axis anteriorly. Remarks The similarity of this species to the previous one has already been discussed under that species. The recent discovery of the type of Hyperia pedestris Guérin­Méneville, 1836, and that it is most likely P. crassipes (Zeidler 1997), posed the problem of whether or not Guérin­Méneville’s specific name should be used for the species now known as P. crassipes . However, its replacement would create nomenclatural instability (Zeidler 1995), because P. crassipes , as a scientific name, is well established in the scientific literature, and the type of H. pedestris is in very poor condition making specific identity uncertain, and it is a name that has not been used since Bovallius (1889). The proposal to conserve the specific name (Zeidler 1995) was subsequently upheld by the ICZN (1997). Paraphronima crassipes has been recorded as an associate of the siphonophores Dyphies and Galeolaria (Lo Bianco 1909) and Rosacea cymbiformis (Harbison et al . 1977, Laval 1980). Distribution This species is widely distributed in tropical and temperate regions including the Mediterranean Sea. In the southern Hemisphere it rarely penetrates up to the Antarctic Convergence (Vinogradov et al . 1982). : Published as part of Zeidler, Wolfgang, 2003, A review of the hyperiidean amphipod superfamily Vibilioidea Bowman and Gruner, 1973 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea), pp. 1-104 in Zootaxa 280 (1) on pages 91-94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.280.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5019514 : {"references": ["Guerin-Meneville, F. E. (1836) In: Tome 2. Planches des Animaux invertebres. Iconographie du Regne Animal de G. Cuvier, ou representation d'apres nature de l'une des especes les plus remarquables et souvent non encore figurees, de chaque genre d'animaux. Avec un texte descriptif mis au courant de la science. Ouvrage pouvant servir d'Atlas a tous les traites de zoologie. Par M. F. F. Guerin-Meneville'. Paris: J. B. Bailliere. London: Meme Maison.", "Claus, C. (1879) Der Organismus der Phronimiden. Arbeiten aus dem Zoologischen Institute der Universitat Wien und der Zoologischen Station in Triest 2, 1 - 88 (59 - 146), pls 1 - 8.", "Bovallius, C. (1885) On some forgotten genera among the Amphipodous Crustacea. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 10 (14), 1 - 17, 1 pl.", "Bovallius, C. (1887 a) Systematical list of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea. Bihang till Kungliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 11 (16), 1 - 50.", "Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76 Zoology 29: i - xxiv + 1 - 1737, pls 1 - 210.", "Bovallius, C. (1889) Contributions to a monograph of the Amphipoda Hyperiidea, Part I: 2. The families Cyllopodidae, Paraphronimidae, Thaumatopsidae, Mimonectidae, Hyperiidae, Phronimidae and Anchylomeridae. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 22 (7), 1 - 434, pls 1 - 18.", "Zeidler, W. (1997) The hyperiid amphipod specimens in the Guerin-Meneville collection surviving in the collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 148, 121 - 146.", "Zeidler, W. (1995) Case 2952. Paraphronima crassipes Claus, 1879 (Crustacea: Amphipoda): proposed conservation of the specific name. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 52 (4), 310 - 312.", "Lo Bianco, S. (1909) Notizie biologiche riguardanti specialmente il periodo di maturita sessual degli animali del golfo di Napoli. Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 19, 513 - 761.", "Harbison, G. R., Biggs, D. C. & Madin, L. P. (1977) The associations of Amphipoda Hyperiidea with gelatinous zooplankton - II. Associations with Cnidaria, Ctenophora and Radiolaria. Deep-Sea Research, 24, 465 - 488.", "Laval, P. (1980) Hyperiid amphipods as crustacean parasitoids associated with gelatinous plankton. Oceanography and Marine Biology, Annual Review, 18, 11 - 56.", "Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mrovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian]. (English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor)."]}