Ascidae

• Main Authors: De Moraes, Gilberto J., Britto, Erika P. J., Mineiro, Jefferson L. De C., Halliday, Bruce
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2016
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Arachnida; Mesostigmata; Ascidae; Svalbard; Canada; Nares; Seta; Boden; Halliday; Bol; Petrova; Makarova; Ishavet; Mite; Siberia
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5028001; https://zenodo.org/record/5028001

Key to the World Genera of Ascidae, Blattisociidae and Melicharidae based on adult females (except where otherwise indicated) 1. Third pair of sternal lyrifissures ( iv 3 ) off sternal shield (rarely on sternal shield in Lasioseius , absent in Krantzoseius and Mucroseius as well as in some Aceodromus and Proctolaelaps ), usually inserted on metasternal plates together with sternal seta st 4 when metasternal plates are present (Fig. 2); peritrematic shield broadly connected (Fig. 2) or not connected to exopodal shield beside coxa IV (Fig. 82); fixed cheliceral digit with setiform pilus dentilis (Fig. 5) or membranous lobe (Fig. 6); movable cheliceral digit variable, often tridentate............................................................ 2 - Third pair of sternal lyrifissures on posterolateral corners of sternal shield (on unsclerotised cuticle in Ectoantennoseius and some Anephiasca , absent in Anystipalpus and some Antennoseius ) and st 4 usually on unsclerotised cuticle (Fig. 26); peritrematic shield broadly connected to exopodal shield beside coxa IV; fixed cheliceral digit with setiform pilus dentilis; movable cheliceral digit usually bidentate............................................................ ASCIDAE 3 2. Fixed cheliceral digit with setiform pilus dentilis; movable cheliceral digit without pointed ventral process (mucro); peritrematic shield broadly fused posteriorly with exopodal shield, curving behind coxa IV; with phytoseiid-type sperm access system (except Zercoseius ) (Fig. 9); genital shield usually truncate posteriorly; ventrianal shield usually bearing 2–7 pairs of setae in addition to the circumanal setae...................................................... BLATTISOCIIDAE 20 - Fixed cheliceral digit with a hyaline lobe instead of setiform pilus dentilis (except Orthadenella and some Proctolaelaps ); movable cheliceral digit usually with a pointed process (mucro) on its mid-ventral face (Fig. 6); peritrematic shield free posteriorly from, or narrowly fused with, exopodal shield beside coxa IV (except Orthadenella ); with laelapid-type sperm access system (Fig. 10); genital shield usually gently rounded posteriorly; anal shield usually oval or elliptical, bearing only circumanal setae (rarely expanded to contain the nearest pair of opisthogastric setae; some Mycolaelaps bearing up to three pairs of setae); ventral shield present or absent.................................................... MELICHARIDAE 34 3. Podonotal and opisthonotal shields of deutonymphs and adults completely separated................................ 4 - Podonotal and opisthonotal shields of deutonymphs and adults fused, occasionally with lateral incisions at level of fusion... 11 4. Corniculi bifid distally; seta h 1 thickened; seta z 1 absent; with oval anal shield; male leg II conspicuously different from that of female, with at least one greatly thickened, spine-shaped seta on femur and tarsus................................................................................................... Anephiasca Athias-Henriot, 1969 (Figs 17–18) - Corniculi generally entire distally (bifid in Protogamasellus ascleronodulus Shcherbak & Petrova and Protogamasellus bifurcalis Genis, Loots & Ryke); seta h 1 of similar thickness as other hypostomal setae; seta z 1 present or absent; with ventrianal shield or subtriangular or subrectangular anal shield; male leg II similar to that of female or different in carrying spine-shaped seta on femur......................................................................................... 5 5. With subrectangular anal shield; male leg II with ventral spine-shaped seta on femur.................................................................................................. Ectoantennoseius Walter, 1998 (Figs 19–20) - With ventrianal shield or subtriangular anal shield; male leg II without spine-shaped seta on femur..................... 6 6. Leg I usually without pretarsus (except Antennoseius ( Vitzthumia )); with subtriangular ventrianal shield bearing 1–2 pairs of setae in addition to the circumanal setae (three pairs in Antennoseius ( Vitzthumia ) ventrianalis Gwiazdowicz & Halliday), or with anal shield and genital shield strongly rounded posteriorly; male with ventrianal shield fused with peritrematic shield; deutonymph with anal shield; much of unsclerotised body cuticle often with microtubercles superimposed on striae....... 7 - Leg I with pretarsus; with ventrianal shield variously shaped (but not subtriangular) bearing 3–6 pairs of setae in addition to circumanal setae, and with genital shield truncate posteriorly; male with ventrianal shield not fused with peritrematic shield; deutonymph with ventrianal shield; striate unsclerotised body cuticle without microtubercles.......................... 9 7. Palp elongate, about half as long as leg I; palp trochanter longer than femur; palp tibia 2–3 times as long as tarsus; lyrifissures iv 1 , iv 3 and sometimes iv 2 absent; tibia IV with nine setae ( pl 2 absent)........... Anystipalpus Berlese, 1911 (Figs 21–22) - Palp of normal length, about one-third as long as leg I; palp trochanter slightly shorter than femur; palp tibia twice as long as tarsus; lyrifissures iv 1 –iv 3 present; tibia IV with ten setae ( pl 2 present) Antennoseius Berlese, 1916 (Figs 23–24).......... 8 8. Legs I with pretarsus and a pair of small to well-developed claws................... Antennoseius ( Vitzthumia ) Thor, 1930 - Legs I without pretarsus and claws...................................... Antennoseius ( Antennoseius ) Berlese, 1916 9. Setae Z 4 and S 5 usually approximate and inserted together on a pair of prominent posterolateral tubercles; seta z 1 absent; seta j 2 distinctly posterolateral to j 1 peritrematic shield of adult female and male broad, truncate posteriorly; genu I with 12 setae ( av 2 absent)............................................................. Asca von Heyden, 1826 (Figs 25–26) - Setae Z 4 and S 5 well separated, not inserted on prominent tubercles; setae z 1 present; seta j 2 tending to be displaced anteriorly, often in approximately transverse level with j 1 and z 1 peritrematic shield of adult female and male narrow or of moderate width, tapering posteriorly; genu I with 13 setae ( av 2 present)................................................. 10 10. Podonotal shield with transverse line extending completely across surface at level of setae z 6 opisthonotal shield with similar line at level of setae J 1 , which may be continuous or interrupted between setae J 1 para-anal seta inserted closer to anterior than to posterior margin of anus; genu IV (Fig. 16) usually with eight setae ( pl 1 absent); tibia IV (Fig. 16) with nine setae ( pl 2 absent)............................................................. Protogamasellus Karg, 1962 (Figs 27–28) - Dorsal shields without transverse lines extending completely across surface; para-anal seta inserted closer to posterior than to anterior margin of anus (about equally distant in G . bicolor americanus ); genu IV with nine setae ( pl 1 present); tibia IV with ten setae ( pl 2 present)........................................... Gamasellodes Athias-Henriot, 1961 (Figs 29–30) 11. Leg chaetotaxy generally reduced, with following maximum number of setae: genu II (Fig. 14) nine or ten ( av 1 present or absent; pl 2 absent), genu IV (Fig. 16) seven ( al 2 , pd 3 absent), tibia III (Fig. 15) seven ( al 2 absent), tibia IV (Fig. 16) seven ( al 2 , pl 2 , pd 3 absent); opisthonotal region of dorsal shield usually with four pairs of lateral setae ( S 1 usually present; S 2 usually absent); deutosternum moderately wide, with transverse lines multidenticulate (except in Maxinia )................ 12 - Leg chaetotaxy without above reductions, minimum number of setae: genu II 11 ( av 1 present; pl 2 present), genu IV nine ( al 2 , pd 3 present), tibia III eight ( al 2 present), tibia IV ten ( al 2 , pl 2 , pd 3 present); opisthonotal region of dorsal shield usually with five pairs of lateral setae ( S 2 present, S 1 rarely absent); deutosernum narrow, with transverse lines bearing few (usually 2–6) denticles............................................................................................ 17 12. Tarsi II–IV (Figs 13–16) each with dorsoproximal setae ad 2 , pd 2 elongate and curved; genu III (Fig. 15) usually with eight setae ( pv 1 usually present); with ventrianal shield bearing 1–6 pairs of setae in addition to circumanal setae or with anal shield................................................................................................... 13 - Tarsi II–IV with dorsoproximal setae not elongate or curved; genu III with seven setae ( pv 1 absent); with anal shield (rarely with ventrianal shield)................................................................................. 15 13. Tarsus I with or without pretarsus; dorsal shield setae paddle-shaped or not; with ventrianal shield bearing 1–6 pairs of setae in addition to circumanal setae............................................................................ 14 - Tarsus I with pretarsus; dorsal-shield setae never paddle-shaped; with anal shield................................................................................................... Iphidonopsis Gwiazdowicz, 2004 (Figs 31–32) 14. Pretarsus of leg I vestigial or absent; setae j 1 and z 1 smooth, short and blunt, or barbed and variable in length; all other dorsal shield setae simple (except J 5 , sometimes barbed), none paddle-shaped.... Xenoseius Lindquist & Evans, 1965 (Figs 33–34) - Pretarsus of leg I similar to that of other legs; setae j 1 and z 1 smooth, pointed ( j 1 rarely paddle-shaped), variable in length; some dorsal shield setae (always Z 5 ) paddle- shaped............................. Zerconopsis Hull, 1918 (Figs 35–36) 15. Vertex of dorsal shield strongly arched downward, partially or completely concealing seta j 1 in dorsal view; anterior end of peritreme sharply recurved posteroventrally; dorsal shield without mid-lateral incisions; tarsi II–IV (Figs 14–16) with one ( al 1 ) or two ( al 1 , pl 1 ) distolateral setae very slender and elongate; palp tarsus with a macroseta............................................................................................. Iphidozercon Berlese, 1903 (Figs 37–38) - Vertex of dorsal shield not strongly arched downward and setae j 1 visible in dorsal view; anterior end of peritreme not recurved; dorsal shield with or without mid-lateral incisions; tarsi II–IV with neither of distolateral setae slender and elongate; palp tarsus without macroseta........................................................................... 16 16. With or without lateral incisions at level of fusion of podonotal and opisthonotal shields; female with anal shield bearing only circumanal setae (except in Arctoseius magnanalis Evans, with a pair of opisthogastric setae in addition to circumanal); Zv 1 present; with 1–2 pairs of metapodal plates; male dorsal shield of some species bearing some r but no R setae, and with endopodal shield completely or incompletely fused with sternogenital shield.............. Arctoseius Thor, 1930 (Figs 39–40) - Without lateral incisions at level of fusion of podonotal and opisthonotal shields; female with broad ventrianal shield bearing six pairs of opisthogastric setae in addition to circumanal shield; Zv 1 absent; metapodal plates absent; male dorsal shield bearing all r - R setae , and with endopodal shield completely fused with sternogenital shield............................................................................................ Maxinia Lindquist & Makarova, 2012 (Figs 41–42) 17. Seta z 1 absent; epistome convex and smooth or slightly denticulate; genu I (Fig. 13) with 12 setae ( av 2 absent), tibia II (Fig. 14) with nine setae ( ad 2 absent)......................................................................... 18 - Seta z 1 present; epistome with two or three anterior extensions; genu I with 12–13 setae ( av 2 present or absent); tibia II with ten setae ( ad 2 present)................................................................................. 19 18. Dorsal shield with mid-lateral incisions; all marginal ( r -R ) setae on unsclerotised cuticle; first pair of sternal setae ( st 1 ) on sternal shield; genital seta ( st 5 ) and genital lyrifissure ( iv 5 ) on unsclerotised cuticle; with anal shield....................................................................................... Athiashenriotis Özdikmen, 2008 (Figs 43–44) - Dorsal shield without mid-lateral incisions; most r - R setae on edge of dorsal shield; first pair of sternal setae on jugular plates; genital seta and associated lyrifissure on genital shield; with ventrianal shield incorporating metapodal plates and bearing 4–5 pairs of setae in addition to circumanal setae................................. Neojordensia Evans, 1957 (Figs 45–46) 19. Dorsal shield without setae z 3 , J 2 , S 1 with 3–5 pairs of r - R setae on unsclerotised cuticle, some ( r 5 , R 3 , R 4 ) on dorsal shield, others ( r 6 , R 2 , R 5 ) absent; setation of legs I–IV (Figs 13–16), genu: 12, 11, 10, 10; tibia: 12, 10, 9, 10..................................................................................... Arctoseiodes Willmann, 1949 (Figs 47–48) - Dorsal shield holotrichous; 9–12 pairs of r - R setae on unsclerotised cuticle; setation of legs I–IV, genu: 13 (rarely 12), 11, 8 (or 9), 9; tibia: 13 (rarely 12), 10, 8, 10.......................................... Leioseius Berlese, 1916 (Figs 49–50) 20. Legs II–IV with median lobe of pulvillus slender, acute or blunt (Fig. 12); para-anal seta inserted in level with or posterior to hind anal margin, and usually longer than post-anal seta; femora I and II (Figs 13–14) with respectively 11 and ten setae (each without v 3 ); seta h 1 and inner seta of palp trochanter similar to each other and distinctly longer and stouter than setae h 2 and h 3 ................................................................................................... 21 - Legs II–IV with median lobe of pulvillus broadly rounded; para-anal seta usually inserted anterior to hind margin of anus (about level with posterior anal margin in Aceodromus and some Blattisocius ), and usually shorter than post-anal seta; femora I and II usually with respectively 12 and 11 setae ( v - 3 usually present); setae h 1 –h 3 and av of palp trochanter similar to each other............................................................................................... 23 21. Opisthonotal region of dorsal shield with only five pairs of setae; metasternal plates absent; with anal shield; median lobe of pulvilli of legs II–IV blunt; genu and tibia II (Fig. 14) with nine setae each...................................................................................................... Cheiroseiulus Evans & Baker, 1991 (Figs 51–52) - Opisthonotal region of dorsal shield with 12–14 pairs of setae; metasternal plates present; with ventrianal shield bearing at least two pairs of setae in addition to circumanal setae; median lobe of pulvilli of legs II–IV acute; genu II with ten and tibia II with nine or ten setae.................................................................................. 22 22. Opisthonotal region of dorsal shield with 2–4 pairs of J setae; seta st 1 distinctly shorter than st 3 tibia II (Fig. 14) with nine setae ( pd 1 absent); distance between fifth and sixth rows of deutosternal denticles nearly twice that between fourth and fifth rows.................................................................. Platyseius Berlese, 1916 (Figs 53–54) - Opisthonotal region of dorsal shield with five pairs of J setae; setae st 1 and st 3 subequal in length; tibia II with ten setae ( pd 1 present); distance between fifth and sixth rows of deutosternal denticles similar to or only slightly greater than that between fourth and fifth rows.................................................... Cheiroseius Berlese, 1916 (Figs 55–56) 23. Leg II usually much thicker than other legs, with strong spine-shaped setae either on ventral faces of several segments or on dorsal faces of tarsus.................................................................................. 24 - Leg II not thickened, lacking strong spine-shaped setae on ventral faces of segments or on dorsal face of tarsus.......... 25 24. Dorsal shield without delineated strip along lateral margin; with expansive ventrianal shield; leg II with strong, opposable spine-shaped setae on ventral faces of femur, genu, tibia and tarsus, but without strong claw-shaped setae on dorsal face of tarsus; genu and tibia I (Fig. 13) each with at most 11 setae ( pd 3 , av 2 absent).......... Hoploseius Berlese, 1914 (Figs 57–58) - Dorsal shield with delineated strip along lateral margin bearing some r and all S setae; with small ventrianal shield or with anal shield; leg II without strong opposable spine-shaped setae on ventral faces of femur and genu, but with two or more strong, claw-shaped setae dorsally on tarsus; genu and tibia I (Fig. 13) each with at least 12 setae ( pd 3 present, av 2 present or absent)............................................................ Fungiseius Moraza & Lindquist, 2011 (Figs 59–60) 25. With a pair of broad, disc-shaped unsclerotised opisthogastric structures anterolaterad of the axe-shaped ventrianal shield; dorsal shield broad, extending ventrolaterally.......................... Discoseius Lindquist & Moraza, 2012 (Figs 61–62) - Without disc-shaped opisthogastric structures; never with axe-shaped ventrianal shield; dorsal shield not extending ventrolaterally.............................................................................................. 26 26. Palp trochanter with a single ventral seta; peritreme and peritrematic shields absent; endopodal shield greatly reduced along sternal shield, leaving a wide band of unsclerotised cuticle between narrow sternal shield and coxae.......................................... : Published as part of De Moraes, Gilberto J., Britto, Erika P. J., Mineiro, Jefferson L. De C. & Halliday, Bruce, 2016, Catalogue of the mite families Ascidae Voigts & Oudemans, Blattisociidae Garman and Melicharidae Hirschmann (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 1-299 in Zootaxa 4112 (1) on pages 59-63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4112.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/399477 : {"references": ["Berlese, A. (1911) Alcuni Acari entomofili nuovi. 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