Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979
Chroodactylon ornatum (Figs 1 A–B) Conferva ornata Agardh (1824: 104). Thallus erect, filamentous, uniseriate, having pseudodichotomous ramifications, greenish colored, up to 1.7 mm in height, fixed by a lobed basal cell. Filament diameter (25–)30(–35) µm in the basal region, (15–)21(–25) µm in the...
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2011
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record_format |
openpolar |
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Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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unknown |
topic |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Plantae Rhodophyta Rhodophyceae Goniotrichales Goniotrichaceae Chroodactylon Chroodactylon ornatum |
spellingShingle |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Plantae Rhodophyta Rhodophyceae Goniotrichales Goniotrichaceae Chroodactylon Chroodactylon ornatum Santos, Alana Araujo Dos Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979 |
topic_facet |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Plantae Rhodophyta Rhodophyceae Goniotrichales Goniotrichaceae Chroodactylon Chroodactylon ornatum |
description |
Chroodactylon ornatum (Figs 1 A–B) Conferva ornata Agardh (1824: 104). Thallus erect, filamentous, uniseriate, having pseudodichotomous ramifications, greenish colored, up to 1.7 mm in height, fixed by a lobed basal cell. Filament diameter (25–)30(–35) µm in the basal region, (15–)21(–25) µm in the median region, and 15 µm in the apical region. Vegetative cells square to sub-square, (10–)13(–15) µm in diameter, each with a star-shaped chloroplast with a conspicuous central pyrenoid; wrapped in a mucilaginous sheath 2.5–5.0 µm thick. Apical cell cylindrical with rounded apex, longer than width, (15.0–)18.5(–25.0) µm long and 10.0– 12.5 µm in diameter. Representative specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Ilha de Itaparica, Vera Cruz, Praia da Penha, 25/ XI/2007, Santos (HUEFS 130889). Geographic distribution along the west coast of Atlantic Ocean:—North Carolina, Florida, Isla Mujeres, Yucatán Peninsula, Aruba, Bonaire, Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Grenada, Hispaniola, Virgin Islands, Venezuela (Howe 1920, Taylor 1960, Vroman & Stegenga 1988, Ganesan 1989, Schneider & Searles 1991, Suárez 2005, Mendoza-González et al. 2007, Dawes & Mathieson 2008) and Brazil (this study). Comments:— Chroodactylon Hansgirg (1885: 14) is a widely distributed genus in tropical marine and temperate environments, estuaries, as well as fresh-water areas (Brodie & Nielsen 2005). Both the genus and the species C. ornatum are reported here for the first time as occurring in the American South Atlantic. The species had previously been recorded from the coast of Connecticut (USA) to Venezuela, including the Caribbean Islands (Wynne 2011, Guiry & Guiry 2011). Chroodactylon ornatum has characteristics very similar to Stylonema alsidii (Zanardini) Drew (1956: 72), including a filamentous thallus, uniseriate, ramified, and a star-shaped chloroplast with central pyrenoid; it differs, however, in terms of the dimensions and shapes of its cells and the thickness of the mucilaginous sheath. Chroodactylon ornatum has generally square cells, large (ca. 15 µm in diameter), with a thinner sheath (2.5–5.0 µm) (Fig. 1B), while S . alsidii has spherical or elliptical cells, rarely square, smaller (7.5 µm diameter) and with thick sheaths (up to 25 µm) (Santos 2010). Some authors consider the color of the thallus to be a useful character for distinguishing between the two species, for the thallus of C. ornatum is greenish and that of S. alsidii is pink to vinaceous (Taylor 1960, Schneider & Searles 1991); this characteristic is easily lost, however, in fixed material (Børgesen 1915). According to Abbott (1999), the characteristic greenish coloring of C. ornatum is due to the predominance of phycocyanin in the plastids. The specimens analyzed here had dimensions very close to those described by Howe (1920) for the Bahamas, and by Basson (1979) for Saudi Arabia. Taylor (1960), Schneider & Searles (1991) and Dawes & Mathieson (2008) described the thalli of C. ornatum as being up to 10 mm high. Descriptions in the literature (Børgesen 1915, Howe 1920, Basson 1979, Schneider & Searles 1991, Abbott 1999, Dawes & Mathieson 2008) indicated that the branching patterns and the cell shapes of C. ornatum are variable. The thalli are described as ranging from simple filaments to densely ramified, unilateral, dichotomous, pseudo-dichotomous or irregular; the cells are described as having diverse shapes (oval, elliptical, elongated, globose, square, or sub-square), although they all are essentially the same size. The material analyzed here had pseudo-dichotomous ramifications (Fig. 1A) and filaments with squared cells, except the apical cells that were cylindrical with rounded apices. No reproductive structures were observed in the specimens analyzed; however, according to Howe (1920), Børgesen (1927), Taylor (1960), Schneider & Searles (1991) and Dawes & Mathieson (2008), C. ornatum reproduces by way of monospores or by subglobose or ellipsoidal akinetes with thick cell walls that arise from vegetative cells in the filaments that are liberated laterally by the rupturing of the mucilaginous sheath. Chroodactylon ornatum was considered uncommon in the present study area as it was only found once on the beach at Penha. According to Dawes & Mathieson (2008), this species is common in Florida and grows on marine phanerograms. This alga has been found as an epiphyte on many different macroalgae, including Ceramium sp., Corallina sp. and Ganonema farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) Fan & Wang (1974: 492) (Børgesen 1915, Howe 1920, Børgesen 1927, Basson 1979, Vroman & Stegenga 1988, Schneider & Searles 1991, Abbott 1999). : Published as part of Santos, Alana Araujo Dos & Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento, 2011, Additions to the epiphytic macroalgae flora of Bahia and Brazil, pp. 53-64 in Phytotaxa 28 on pages 54-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.28.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4894284 : {"references": ["Agardh, C. A. (1824) Systema algarum. Litteris Berlingianis, Lund, 312 pp.", "Howe, M. A. (1920) Algae. In: Britton, N. L. & C. F. Millspaugin (Ed), The Bahama Flora. Published by the authors, New York, pp. 553 - 618.", "Taylor, W. R. (1960) Marine algae of the Eastern tropical and subtropical coasts of the Americas. Michigan Press, Michigan, 870 pp.", "Vroman, M. & Stegenga, H. (1988) An annotated checklist of the marine algae of the Caribbean islands Aruba and Bonaire. Nova Hedwigia 46: 433 - 480.", "Ganesan, E. K. (1989) A catalog of benthic marine algae and seagrass of Venezuela. Conicit Fondo Editorial, Caracas, 237 pp.", "Schneider, C. W. & Searles, R. B. (1991) Seaweeds of the Southeastern United States - Cape Hatteras to Cape Canaveral. Duke University Press, Durham and London, 553 pp.", "Suarez, A. M. (2005) Lista de las macroalgas marinhas cubanas. Revista de Investigacao Marina 26: 93 - 148.", "Mendoza-Gonzalez, A. C., Mateo-Cid, L. E. & Searles, R. B. (2007) Yucatan seaweeds from the offshhore Waters of Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Botanica Marina 50: 280 - 287. doi: 10.1515 / BOT. 2007.032", "Dawes, C. J. & Mathieson, A. C. (2008) The seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville 591 pp.", "Hansgirg, A. (1885) Ein beitrag zur kenntniss von der verbreitung der chromatophoren und zellkernen bei den Schizophyceen (Phycochromaceen). Berichte der Deutsche botanischen Gesellschaft 3: 14 - 22.", "Brodie, J. & Nielsen, R. (2005) The diversity of Bangiophycidae (Rhodophyta) of the Faroes in the context of the northern Atlantic. Annales Societatis Faeroensis Supplementum 41: 53 - 62.", "Wynne, M. J. (2011) A checklist of benthic marine algae of the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: third revision. Nova Hedwigia 140: 1 - 166.", "Guiry, M. D. & Guiry, G. M. (2011) Algaebase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Available from: http: // www. algaebase. org / (accessed: 08 Apr 2011)", "Drew, K. M. (1956) Conferva ceramicola Lyngbye. Botanisk Tidsskrift 53: 67 - 74.", "Santos, A. A. (2010) Comunidades de macroalgas epifitas de Acetabularia crenulata J. V. Lamour (Dasycladales, Chlorophyta) das Praias da Penha e Barra Grande, Ilha de Itaparica, Bahia. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias - Botanica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, 274 pp.", "Borgesen, F. (1915) The marine algae of the Danish West Indies. Part III. Rhodophyceae (2). Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 3 (1): 1 - 80.", "Abbott, I. A. (1999) Marine red algae of the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu, 477 pp.", "Basson, P. W. (1979) Marine algae of the Arabian Gulf Coast of Saudi Arabia (second half) Botanica Marina 22: 65 - 82.", "Borgesen, F. (1927) Marine algae from the Canary Islands: especially from Teneriffe and Gran Canaria. III. Rhodophyceae. Part I. Bangiales and Nemalionales. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Meddelelser 6: 1 - 97.", "Fan, K. - C. & Wang, Y. - C. (1974) Studies on the marine algae of Hsisha Islands, China I. Ganonema gen. nov. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 12: 489 - 495."]} |
format |
Text |
author |
Santos, Alana Araujo Dos Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento |
author_facet |
Santos, Alana Araujo Dos Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento |
author_sort |
Santos, Alana Araujo Dos |
title |
Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979 |
title_short |
Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979 |
title_full |
Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979 |
title_fullStr |
Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979 |
title_sort |
chroodactylon ornatum basson 1979 |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923884 https://zenodo.org/record/4923884 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-58.250,-58.250,-63.917,-63.917) ENVELOPE(-62.133,-62.133,-64.100,-64.100) ENVELOPE(-61.417,-61.417,-64.367,-64.367) ENVELOPE(-145.700,-145.700,-86.450,-86.450) ENVELOPE(28.483,28.483,66.450,66.450) |
geographic |
Gonzalez Abbott Barra Suarez Moura |
geographic_facet |
Gonzalez Abbott Barra Suarez Moura |
genre |
Faroes |
genre_facet |
Faroes |
op_relation |
http://zenodo.org/record/4894284 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FFF2FFAF743F3A4CEB18FFC9682A023C https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.28.1.7 http://zenodo.org/record/4894284 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FFF2FFAF743F3A4CEB18FFC9682A023C https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894288 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923883 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit |
op_rights |
Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC0 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923884 https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.28.1.7 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894288 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923883 |
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1765996439259840512 |
spelling |
ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.4923884 2023-05-15T16:11:18+02:00 Chroodactylon ornatum Basson 1979 Santos, Alana Araujo Dos Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento 2011 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923884 https://zenodo.org/record/4923884 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/4894284 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FFF2FFAF743F3A4CEB18FFC9682A023C https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.28.1.7 http://zenodo.org/record/4894284 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FFF2FFAF743F3A4CEB18FFC9682A023C https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894288 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923883 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Biodiversity Taxonomy Plantae Rhodophyta Rhodophyceae Goniotrichales Goniotrichaceae Chroodactylon Chroodactylon ornatum article-journal ScholarlyArticle Text Taxonomic treatment 2011 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923884 https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.28.1.7 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4894288 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4923883 2022-03-10T13:46:38Z Chroodactylon ornatum (Figs 1 A–B) Conferva ornata Agardh (1824: 104). Thallus erect, filamentous, uniseriate, having pseudodichotomous ramifications, greenish colored, up to 1.7 mm in height, fixed by a lobed basal cell. Filament diameter (25–)30(–35) µm in the basal region, (15–)21(–25) µm in the median region, and 15 µm in the apical region. Vegetative cells square to sub-square, (10–)13(–15) µm in diameter, each with a star-shaped chloroplast with a conspicuous central pyrenoid; wrapped in a mucilaginous sheath 2.5–5.0 µm thick. Apical cell cylindrical with rounded apex, longer than width, (15.0–)18.5(–25.0) µm long and 10.0– 12.5 µm in diameter. Representative specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Ilha de Itaparica, Vera Cruz, Praia da Penha, 25/ XI/2007, Santos (HUEFS 130889). Geographic distribution along the west coast of Atlantic Ocean:—North Carolina, Florida, Isla Mujeres, Yucatán Peninsula, Aruba, Bonaire, Bahamas, Bermuda, Cuba, Grenada, Hispaniola, Virgin Islands, Venezuela (Howe 1920, Taylor 1960, Vroman & Stegenga 1988, Ganesan 1989, Schneider & Searles 1991, Suárez 2005, Mendoza-González et al. 2007, Dawes & Mathieson 2008) and Brazil (this study). Comments:— Chroodactylon Hansgirg (1885: 14) is a widely distributed genus in tropical marine and temperate environments, estuaries, as well as fresh-water areas (Brodie & Nielsen 2005). Both the genus and the species C. ornatum are reported here for the first time as occurring in the American South Atlantic. The species had previously been recorded from the coast of Connecticut (USA) to Venezuela, including the Caribbean Islands (Wynne 2011, Guiry & Guiry 2011). Chroodactylon ornatum has characteristics very similar to Stylonema alsidii (Zanardini) Drew (1956: 72), including a filamentous thallus, uniseriate, ramified, and a star-shaped chloroplast with central pyrenoid; it differs, however, in terms of the dimensions and shapes of its cells and the thickness of the mucilaginous sheath. Chroodactylon ornatum has generally square cells, large (ca. 15 µm in diameter), with a thinner sheath (2.5–5.0 µm) (Fig. 1B), while S . alsidii has spherical or elliptical cells, rarely square, smaller (7.5 µm diameter) and with thick sheaths (up to 25 µm) (Santos 2010). Some authors consider the color of the thallus to be a useful character for distinguishing between the two species, for the thallus of C. ornatum is greenish and that of S. alsidii is pink to vinaceous (Taylor 1960, Schneider & Searles 1991); this characteristic is easily lost, however, in fixed material (Børgesen 1915). According to Abbott (1999), the characteristic greenish coloring of C. ornatum is due to the predominance of phycocyanin in the plastids. The specimens analyzed here had dimensions very close to those described by Howe (1920) for the Bahamas, and by Basson (1979) for Saudi Arabia. Taylor (1960), Schneider & Searles (1991) and Dawes & Mathieson (2008) described the thalli of C. ornatum as being up to 10 mm high. Descriptions in the literature (Børgesen 1915, Howe 1920, Basson 1979, Schneider & Searles 1991, Abbott 1999, Dawes & Mathieson 2008) indicated that the branching patterns and the cell shapes of C. ornatum are variable. The thalli are described as ranging from simple filaments to densely ramified, unilateral, dichotomous, pseudo-dichotomous or irregular; the cells are described as having diverse shapes (oval, elliptical, elongated, globose, square, or sub-square), although they all are essentially the same size. The material analyzed here had pseudo-dichotomous ramifications (Fig. 1A) and filaments with squared cells, except the apical cells that were cylindrical with rounded apices. No reproductive structures were observed in the specimens analyzed; however, according to Howe (1920), Børgesen (1927), Taylor (1960), Schneider & Searles (1991) and Dawes & Mathieson (2008), C. ornatum reproduces by way of monospores or by subglobose or ellipsoidal akinetes with thick cell walls that arise from vegetative cells in the filaments that are liberated laterally by the rupturing of the mucilaginous sheath. Chroodactylon ornatum was considered uncommon in the present study area as it was only found once on the beach at Penha. According to Dawes & Mathieson (2008), this species is common in Florida and grows on marine phanerograms. This alga has been found as an epiphyte on many different macroalgae, including Ceramium sp., Corallina sp. and Ganonema farinosum (J.V. Lamouroux) Fan & Wang (1974: 492) (Børgesen 1915, Howe 1920, Børgesen 1927, Basson 1979, Vroman & Stegenga 1988, Schneider & Searles 1991, Abbott 1999). : Published as part of Santos, Alana Araujo Dos & Moura, Carlos Wallace Do Nascimento, 2011, Additions to the epiphytic macroalgae flora of Bahia and Brazil, pp. 53-64 in Phytotaxa 28 on pages 54-56, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.28.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4894284 : {"references": ["Agardh, C. A. (1824) Systema algarum. Litteris Berlingianis, Lund, 312 pp.", "Howe, M. A. (1920) Algae. In: Britton, N. L. & C. F. Millspaugin (Ed), The Bahama Flora. Published by the authors, New York, pp. 553 - 618.", "Taylor, W. R. (1960) Marine algae of the Eastern tropical and subtropical coasts of the Americas. Michigan Press, Michigan, 870 pp.", "Vroman, M. & Stegenga, H. (1988) An annotated checklist of the marine algae of the Caribbean islands Aruba and Bonaire. Nova Hedwigia 46: 433 - 480.", "Ganesan, E. K. (1989) A catalog of benthic marine algae and seagrass of Venezuela. Conicit Fondo Editorial, Caracas, 237 pp.", "Schneider, C. W. & Searles, R. B. (1991) Seaweeds of the Southeastern United States - Cape Hatteras to Cape Canaveral. Duke University Press, Durham and London, 553 pp.", "Suarez, A. M. (2005) Lista de las macroalgas marinhas cubanas. Revista de Investigacao Marina 26: 93 - 148.", "Mendoza-Gonzalez, A. C., Mateo-Cid, L. E. & Searles, R. B. (2007) Yucatan seaweeds from the offshhore Waters of Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Botanica Marina 50: 280 - 287. doi: 10.1515 / BOT. 2007.032", "Dawes, C. J. & Mathieson, A. C. (2008) The seaweeds of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville 591 pp.", "Hansgirg, A. (1885) Ein beitrag zur kenntniss von der verbreitung der chromatophoren und zellkernen bei den Schizophyceen (Phycochromaceen). Berichte der Deutsche botanischen Gesellschaft 3: 14 - 22.", "Brodie, J. & Nielsen, R. (2005) The diversity of Bangiophycidae (Rhodophyta) of the Faroes in the context of the northern Atlantic. Annales Societatis Faeroensis Supplementum 41: 53 - 62.", "Wynne, M. J. (2011) A checklist of benthic marine algae of the tropical and subtropical western Atlantic: third revision. Nova Hedwigia 140: 1 - 166.", "Guiry, M. D. & Guiry, G. M. (2011) Algaebase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Available from: http: // www. algaebase. org / (accessed: 08 Apr 2011)", "Drew, K. M. (1956) Conferva ceramicola Lyngbye. Botanisk Tidsskrift 53: 67 - 74.", "Santos, A. A. (2010) Comunidades de macroalgas epifitas de Acetabularia crenulata J. V. Lamour (Dasycladales, Chlorophyta) das Praias da Penha e Barra Grande, Ilha de Itaparica, Bahia. Dissertacao de Mestrado em Ciencias - Botanica, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, 274 pp.", "Borgesen, F. (1915) The marine algae of the Danish West Indies. Part III. Rhodophyceae (2). Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 3 (1): 1 - 80.", "Abbott, I. A. (1999) Marine red algae of the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu, 477 pp.", "Basson, P. W. (1979) Marine algae of the Arabian Gulf Coast of Saudi Arabia (second half) Botanica Marina 22: 65 - 82.", "Borgesen, F. (1927) Marine algae from the Canary Islands: especially from Teneriffe and Gran Canaria. III. Rhodophyceae. Part I. Bangiales and Nemalionales. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Biologiske Meddelelser 6: 1 - 97.", "Fan, K. - C. & Wang, Y. - C. (1974) Studies on the marine algae of Hsisha Islands, China I. Ganonema gen. nov. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 12: 489 - 495."]} Text Faroes DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Gonzalez ENVELOPE(-58.250,-58.250,-63.917,-63.917) Abbott ENVELOPE(-62.133,-62.133,-64.100,-64.100) Barra ENVELOPE(-61.417,-61.417,-64.367,-64.367) Suarez ENVELOPE(-145.700,-145.700,-86.450,-86.450) Moura ENVELOPE(28.483,28.483,66.450,66.450) |