Leitoscoloplos Day 1977

• Main Author: Blake, James A.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2017
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Annelida; Polychaeta; Orbiniidae; Leitoscoloplos; Southern Ocean; Pacific; New Zealand; Ramos; McIntosh; Christchurch; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4901740; https://zenodo.org/record/4901740

Genus Leitoscoloplos Day, 1977 Type-species: Haploscoloplos bifurcatus Hartman, 1957, designated by Day 1977. Diagnosis. Prostomium pointed, conical; peristomium typically with one achaetous ring, but with additional superficial annulae on some species. Branchiae lacking, or present from posterior thoracic, transitional, or abdominal setiger. Posterior thoracic setigers with 0–2 postsetal lobes and 0–2 subpodial lobes; abdominal setigers with 0–4 subpodial papillae; stomach papillae rare, interramal cirri present or absent. Thoracic neurosetae including only capillaries. Without abdominal neuropodial spines, with 2–3 imbedded aciculae present or absent. Remarks. Day (1977) determined that the type species of Haploscoloplos Monro, 1933a ( H. cylindrifer (Ehlers, 1904)) possessed an anterior row of short hooks in the thoracic neuropodia in addition to capillaries and thus belonged to the genus Scoloplos . He examined a specimen from near Christchurch, NZ; South Island, New Zealand, near the type locality of the species. He therefore proposed a new genus, Leitoscoloplos to include those remaining species formerly assigned to Haploscoloplos . Most of the known species of Leitoscoloplos were summarized by Mackie (1987). Those species have been reconsidered as part of this study. Several new species, new combinations, and new synonymies are proposed from the materials examined as part of this study and are listed below. An assessment of branchial distribution suggests that Leitoscoloplos can be divided into five groups of species. Geographically, species within these groups also have some affiliation to their distribution globally. For example, the two abranchiate species in Group A are deep-sea abyssal species; the three species in Group C occur only along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America, and all 11 species in groups D and E occur in the southern hemisphere of which seven occur in the Southern Ocean. The 11 species in Group B are the most ubiquitous, occurring widely over the world’s oceans. This study suggests that previous records of certain widely recorded species need to be reevaluated. For example, the record of Haploscoloplos kerguelensis from the eastern Mediterranean by Ramos (1976) is most certainly an undescribed species (see Discussion of L. kerguelensis below). Similar identifications of Haploscoloplos or Leitoscoloplos kerguelensis from Asia also need to be reconsidered (see below). One undescribed deep-sea species of Leitoscoloplos was recently identified from offshore Brunei Darussalam in the South China Sea (Blake unpublished). According to this revision, Leitoscoloplos species are categorized as follows: : Published as part of Blake, James A., 2017, Polychaeta Orbiniidae from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, the Abyssal Pacific Ocean, and off South America, pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 4218 (1) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.245827 : {"references": ["Day, J. H. (1977) A review of the Australian and New Zealand Orbiniidae (Annelida: Polychaeta). In: Reish, D. J. & Fauchald, K. (Eds.), Essays on Polychaetous Annelids in Memory of Dr. Olga Hartman, pp. 217 - 246. [Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.]", "Hartman, O. (1957) Orbiniidae, Apistobranchidae, Paraonidae and Longosomidae. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 15 (3), 211 - 393, plates 20 - 44, 1 chart.", "Monro, C. C. A. (1933 a) On a collection of Polychaeta from Dry Tortugas, Florida. Annals &. Magazine of Natural History, London, series 10, vol. 12, 244 - 269.", "Ehlers, E. (1904) Neuseelandische Anneliden. Abhhandlungen der koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen, Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse, Neue Folge 3, 1 - 80, plates 1 - 9.", "Mackie, A. S. Y. (1987) A review of the species currently assigned to the genus Leitoscoloplos Day, 1977 (Polychaeta: Orbiniidae), with descriptions of species newly referred to Scoloplos Blainville, 1828. Sarsia, 72, 1 - 28, 24 figures.", "Ramos, J. M. (1976), Haploscoloplos kerguelensis McIntosh, 1885 - nouvel Orbiniidae en Mediterranee occidentale. Vie et Milieu, 26 (1 A), 1 - 9, 2 figures."]}