Ash3d simulation outputs of ash deposition from hypothetical eruptions of Aniakchak (Alaska), Chikurachki (Kurile Islands) and Popocatepétl (Mexico)

• Main Authors: Plunkett, Gill, Sigl, Michael, Schwaiger, Hans F., Tomlinson, Emma, Toohey, Matthew, McConnell, Joseph R., Pilcher, Jonathan R., Hasegawa, Takeshi, Siebe, Claus
• Format: Still Image
• Language: English
• Published: Zenodo 2021
• Subjects: Ash3d; Tephra deposition; Ash dispersal; Volcanic eruptions; Greenland; Alaska
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4888029; https://zenodo.org/record/4888029

Ash3d simulation outputs showing ash deposition from hypothetical eruptions of Aniakchak (Alaska), Chikurachki (Kurile Islands) and Popocatepétl (Mexico). : We modelled ash deposition from 1,000 randomly selected hypothetical eruption scenarios using the advection-dispersion-sedimentation software Ash3d (Schwaiger et al., 2012) to evaluate the necessary eruption and meteorological parameters needed to transport ash as far as the NEEM coring site (77°27'N 51°3.6'W; 2,000 m above sea level) in Greenland. The same eruption source parameters are applied to each of the three volcanoes of interest: Aniakchak (Alaska), Chikurachki (Kurile Islands) and Popocatepétl (Mexico). We used meteorological data randomly selected from the period 1950 to 2010 drawn from the 2.5 degree NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis II dataset (https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/ncep-reanalysis-r2). Eruption source parameters consisted of randomly selected start times between 1950 and 2010. Eruptive volume was selected from a log-normal distribution between 0.01 and 2.0 km3 (dense rock equivalent). Plume heights were calculated using an empirical best-fit relationship between eruptive volume and plume height (H=25.9 + 6.64 * log10(V), where V is erupted volume in DRE, and H is height above the vent in km) with a random adjustment (Gaussian with μ = 0 km and σ = 2.9 km; Mastin et al., 2020, eq. 3) with a random adjustment (Gaussian with μ = 0 km and σ = 2.9 km; Mastin et al., 2020, eq. 3) within the range 7–30.5 km. Mass eruption rate was calculated from a best-fit relationship with plume height (Mastin et al., 2020, eq. 2) and duration using the mass eruption rate and eruptive volume (see Mastin et al. 2020). The same grain-size distribution (GSD) was used (15% 0.250 mm, 20% 0.125 mm, 40% 0.063 mm, and 25% 0.031 mm) for all simulations. References Mastin, L. G., Van Eaton, A. R., and Schwaiger, H. F.: A probabilistic assessment of tephra-fall hazards at Hanford, Washington, from a future eruption of Mount St. Helens, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1133, 54 pp., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201133, 2020. Schwaiger, H., Denlinger, R., and Mastin, L. G.: Ash3d: a finite-volume, conservative numerical model for ash transport and tephra deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 117, B04204, doi:10.1029/2011JB008968, 2012.