Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island
Marine non-indigenous species (NIS) introductions are becoming more evident and marine ecosystems are threatened by this phenomenon. There are two main ship-based mechanisms for the transport of marine NIS, namely discharge of ballast water and hull fouling. To date, most research has focused on bal...
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.4633383 2023-05-15T13:50:44+02:00 Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island Boonzaaier, Melissa 2013 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633383 https://zenodo.org/record/4633383 en eng Zenodo https://zenodo.org/communities/cib https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633382 https://zenodo.org/communities/cib Embargoed Access Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess CC-BY Antarctica Gough Island hull fouling invasive species Marion Island sea surface temperatures thermal tolerances Honours Other CreativeWork article 2013 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633383 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633382 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Marine non-indigenous species (NIS) introductions are becoming more evident and marine ecosystems are threatened by this phenomenon. There are two main ship-based mechanisms for the transport of marine NIS, namely discharge of ballast water and hull fouling. To date, most research has focused on ballast water as the primary mechanism for propagule dispersal. In this study marine alien species that may potentially be transported primarily by hull fouling are investigated. Particularly, the focus lies on biological invasions in the Southern Ocean and the transport of propagules by the South African National Antarctic Programme supply vessel, the SA Agulhas. The vessel travels to and from three research bases: Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island, with Cape Town Harbour as its main port. The SA Agulhas only transports cargo to the Antarctic region, suggesting that it has a consistent unidirectional flow of ballast water from Antarctica to Cape Town. Subsequently, this implies that propagule dispersal to the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic Islands would take place through hull fouling. The fouling biota found on the SA Agulhas include seven seaweed species and two marine faunal species. Furthermore, the invasive species occurring in Cape Town Harbour that may potentially invade the Antarctic region were also examined, namely Carcinus maenas, Ciona intestinalis, Diplosoma listerianum, Metridium senile, Mytilus galloprovincialis and Schimmelmannia elegans. The thermal tolerances of the common hull fouling biota found on the SA Agulhas vessel and invasive species occurring in Cape Town harbour were obtained by searching the primary literature. In addition, the sea surface temperatures (SSTs) from the three research bases in Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island and of the study species’ distributions were obtained from the Smith-Reynolds Extended Sea Surface Temperatures (ERSST) dataset. The thermal tolerances and SST range, of each species, were used to compare with the SSTs of Antarctica and sub-Antarctic Islands. This comparative analysis indicated to what extent marine NIS can cross the temperature barriers and establish successful populations in the Antarctic region. Gough Island has the highest risk of potential establishment of the examined species whereas Dronning Maud Land has the least chance of establishment. However, climatic changes may promote more favourable conditions for alien species establishment. : Submitted as part of Honours degree Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Dronning Maud Land Marion Island South African National Antarctic Programme Southern Ocean DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Dronning Maud Land Gough ENVELOPE(159.367,159.367,-81.633,-81.633) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
op_collection_id |
ftdatacite |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctica Gough Island hull fouling invasive species Marion Island sea surface temperatures thermal tolerances Honours |
spellingShingle |
Antarctica Gough Island hull fouling invasive species Marion Island sea surface temperatures thermal tolerances Honours Boonzaaier, Melissa Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island |
topic_facet |
Antarctica Gough Island hull fouling invasive species Marion Island sea surface temperatures thermal tolerances Honours |
description |
Marine non-indigenous species (NIS) introductions are becoming more evident and marine ecosystems are threatened by this phenomenon. There are two main ship-based mechanisms for the transport of marine NIS, namely discharge of ballast water and hull fouling. To date, most research has focused on ballast water as the primary mechanism for propagule dispersal. In this study marine alien species that may potentially be transported primarily by hull fouling are investigated. Particularly, the focus lies on biological invasions in the Southern Ocean and the transport of propagules by the South African National Antarctic Programme supply vessel, the SA Agulhas. The vessel travels to and from three research bases: Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island, with Cape Town Harbour as its main port. The SA Agulhas only transports cargo to the Antarctic region, suggesting that it has a consistent unidirectional flow of ballast water from Antarctica to Cape Town. Subsequently, this implies that propagule dispersal to the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic Islands would take place through hull fouling. The fouling biota found on the SA Agulhas include seven seaweed species and two marine faunal species. Furthermore, the invasive species occurring in Cape Town Harbour that may potentially invade the Antarctic region were also examined, namely Carcinus maenas, Ciona intestinalis, Diplosoma listerianum, Metridium senile, Mytilus galloprovincialis and Schimmelmannia elegans. The thermal tolerances of the common hull fouling biota found on the SA Agulhas vessel and invasive species occurring in Cape Town harbour were obtained by searching the primary literature. In addition, the sea surface temperatures (SSTs) from the three research bases in Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island and of the study species’ distributions were obtained from the Smith-Reynolds Extended Sea Surface Temperatures (ERSST) dataset. The thermal tolerances and SST range, of each species, were used to compare with the SSTs of Antarctica and sub-Antarctic Islands. This comparative analysis indicated to what extent marine NIS can cross the temperature barriers and establish successful populations in the Antarctic region. Gough Island has the highest risk of potential establishment of the examined species whereas Dronning Maud Land has the least chance of establishment. However, climatic changes may promote more favourable conditions for alien species establishment. : Submitted as part of Honours degree |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Boonzaaier, Melissa |
author_facet |
Boonzaaier, Melissa |
author_sort |
Boonzaaier, Melissa |
title |
Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island |
title_short |
Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island |
title_full |
Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island |
title_fullStr |
Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to Antarctica, Marion- and Gough Island |
title_sort |
hull fouling as primary mechanism for the potential transport of non-indigenous species to antarctica, marion- and gough island |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633383 https://zenodo.org/record/4633383 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(159.367,159.367,-81.633,-81.633) |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Dronning Maud Land Gough |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Dronning Maud Land Gough |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Dronning Maud Land Marion Island South African National Antarctic Programme Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Dronning Maud Land Marion Island South African National Antarctic Programme Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://zenodo.org/communities/cib https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633382 https://zenodo.org/communities/cib |
op_rights |
Embargoed Access Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode cc-by-4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633383 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633382 |
_version_ |
1766253942885318656 |