Amage Malmgren 1866

Genus Amage Malmgren, 1866 Paramage Caullery, 1944: 94, type species Paramage madurensis Caullery, 1944. Egamella Fauchald, 1972: 292, type species Egamella quadribranchiata Fauchald, 1972. Mexamage Fauchald, 1972: 309–310, type species Mexamage corrugata Fauchald, 1972. Type species (by monotypy) a...

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Main Authors: Schiaparelli, Stefano, Jirkov, Igor A.
Format: Text
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Published: Zenodo 2021
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Online Access:https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4531805
https://zenodo.org/record/4531805
id ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.4531805
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology)
op_collection_id ftdatacite
language unknown
topic Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Ampharetidae
Amage
spellingShingle Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Ampharetidae
Amage
Schiaparelli, Stefano
Jirkov, Igor A.
Amage Malmgren 1866
topic_facet Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Ampharetidae
Amage
description Genus Amage Malmgren, 1866 Paramage Caullery, 1944: 94, type species Paramage madurensis Caullery, 1944. Egamella Fauchald, 1972: 292, type species Egamella quadribranchiata Fauchald, 1972. Mexamage Fauchald, 1972: 309–310, type species Mexamage corrugata Fauchald, 1972. Type species (by monotypy) and type locality Amage auricula Malmgren, 1866: 371, pl. XXV, fig. 72. Type locality: Bohuslan, Sweden, 183–220 m (“Koster Bahusiae haud rara prof. 100–120 orgyiar. fundo argill”). Diagnosis (amended) PROSTOMIUM. Prostomium trilobed, middle lobe anteriorly incised or with horns, without longitudinal ridges, with couple of nuchal organs at posterior margin of middle lobe. Lower lip not enlarged and longitudinally grooved. THORAX. Dorsal ridges absent. NOTOPODIA. Modified notopodia absent. NEUROPODIA. Neuropodia of two types: all thoracic of tori, all abdominal pinnuli, enlarged neuropodia absent. PALEAE. Paleae usually absent, seldom present, but poorly developed. BRANCHIAE. 3–4 pairs, if four pairs of branchiae are present, these are arranged nearly segmentally with 2 pairs on segment 3 and 1 pair on each S4 and S5 (2+1+1). When branchiae are in three pairs only, it is the S5 lacking these. ABDOMEN. Abdominal rudimental notopodia well developed, but not enlarged. Number of AU 7–21, usually constant for species. Remarks The presence of nuchal organs has been mentioned for Amage by Moore (1923), Hilbig (2000), Schüller & Jirkov (2013) and Reuschert et al . (2015). Hilbig (2000) modified the diagnosis of Amage to include NO. However, none investigated the type species of Amage , i.e., Amage auricula Malmgren, 1866. The types of A. auricula are lost (Holthe 1986), but more than 2000 specimens of this species from about 200 localities from the North Polar Basin (see map in Jirkov 2001: 451), including specimens near the type locality, have been investigated. In all these specimens there are well developed NO, well recognizable in the stained specimen reported in Fig. 1B. Hilbig (2000) and Reuscher et al. (2015) included in generic diagnosis of Amage the presence of smooth buccal tentacles. In the case of the new species herein described, BT are obviously not smooth but, at the same time, this species is beyond any doubt an Amage . Therefore, we consider that the shape of BT cannot be included into the generic diagnosis of Amage . This consideration should also be extended to the definition of other ampharetid genera, as was already suggested by Jirkov (2011). Jirkov (2011) proposed Egamella Fauchald, 1972, Mexamage Fauchald, 1972, Paramage Caullery, 1944 and Phyllampharete Hartman & Fauchald, 1971 as junior synonyms of Amage . Reuscher et al. (2015) accepted synonymy of the first three genera but rejected the synonymy of Phyllampharete . We agree with Reuscher et al. (2015) and hence Phyllampharete is not included in the list of Amage synonyms here either. The taxonomic status of Amage anops perfecta Moore, 1923 is unclear. The author of the species described the status as follows: “This species, at first thought to be distinct under the name A. perfecta , is now regarded as identical with Johnson’s species [ A. anops ] or at most as only a subspecies” (Moore 1923: 210) and a taxon never described as new species. Since then, the type material has not been reexamined. A list of species (23 in total) belonging to the genus Amage as above diagnosed (original names are given; the type species is marked with an asterisk): Amage anops Johnson, 1901: 424–425, pl. 15, figs 157–161, pl. 16, figs 162–163. Amage arieticornuta Moore, 1923: 207–210, pl. XVII, figs 14–18. Amage asiaticus Uschakov, 1955: 378, fig. 140a–d. * Amage auricula Malmgren, 1866: 371, pl. XXV, fig. 72. Amage auricula sibogae Caullery, 1944: 92–94, fig. 76. Amage benhami Reuscher, Fiege & Wehe, 2009: 21–22, fig. 1a–g. Amage ehlersi Reuscher, Fiege & Imajima, 2015: 1107–1108, figs 2a–h, 13b. Amage gallasi Marion, 1875: 308. Amage imajimai Reuscher, 2015: 3–5, fig.1. Amage longibranchiata Hartman, 1960: 153–154, pl. 17. Amage longitorus Reuscher, Fiege & Imajima, 2015: 1108–1109, figs 3a–g, 13c. Amage micropaleata Schüller & Jirkov, 2013: 210–213, figs 3–5. Amage pusilla Verrill, 1873: 319. Amage scotica Clark, 1952: 19–21, fig. 4. Amage sculpta Ehlers, 1908: 141–143, pl. XX, figs 1–9. Amage scutata Moore, 1923: 210–212, pl. XVII, figs 19–24. Amage tumida Ehlers, 1887: 220–225, pl. 48, figs 10–19. Egamella quadribranchiata Fauchald, 1972: 295–296, pl. 60, fig. a. Mexamaqe corrugata Fauchald, 1972: 310–312, pl. 65, figs a–c. Paramage madurensis Caullery, 1944: 94–97, fig. 76. Paramage tasmanensis Holthe, 2000: 63–64, fig. 5. Sabellides adspersa Grube, 1863: 57–58, pl. VI, fig. 2. Sabellides delus Chamberlin, 1919: 455–456, pl. 77, fig. 13. Species removed from the genus Amage as above diagnosed: Amage septemdecima Schüller & Jirkov, 2013 (now transferred to Amythas Benham, 1921, see below). : Published as part of Schiaparelli, Stefano & Jirkov, Igor A., 2021, Contribution to the taxonomic knowledge of Ampharetidae (Annelida) from Antarctica with the description of Amage giacomobovei sp. nov., pp. 125-145 in European Journal of Taxonomy 733 on pages 127-129, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.733.1227, http://zenodo.org/record/4529795 : {"references": ["Malmgren A. J. 1866. Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Koniglich Vetenskapsakademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm 22 (3): 355 - 410. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 32339631 [accessed 22 Jan. 2021].", "Caullery M. 1944. Polychetes sedentaires de l'Expedition du Siboga: Ariciidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Chlorhaemidae, Opheliidae, Oweniidae, Sabellariidae, Sternaspidae, Amphictenidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae. Siboga-Expeditie Uitkomsten op Zo \u02c6 logisch, Botanisch, Oceanographisch en Geologisch gebied verzameld in Nederlandsch Oost-Indie 1899 - 1900 24 (2 bis): 1 - 204. Brill, Leyden.", "Fauchald K. 1972. Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 7: 1 - 575. Available from https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 6207 [accessed 22 Jan. 2021].", "Moore J. P. 1923. The polychaetous annelids dredged by the U. S. S. \" Albatross' ' off the coast of southern California in 1904. IV. Spionidae to Sabellariidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 75: 179 - 259. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12425", "Hilbig B. 2000. Family Ampharetidae Malmgren, 1867. In: Blake J. A., Hilbig B. & Scott P. V. (eds) Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel, The Annelida. Part 4. Polychaeta: Fabelligeridae to Sternaspidae 7 (4): 169 - 230. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara.", "Schuller M. & Jirkov I. A. 2013. New Ampharetidae (Polychaeta) from the deep Southern Ocean and shallow Patagonian waters. Zootaxa 3692 (1): 204 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3692.1.11", "Holthe T. 1986. Polychaeta Terebellomorpha. Marine Invertebrates of Scandinavia Vol. 7. Brill.", "Jirkov I. A. 2001. Polychaeta of the Arctic Ocean. Yanus-K, Moscow.", "Reuscher M. G., Fiege D. & Imajima M. 2015. Ampharetidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Japanese waters. Part IV. Miscellaneous genera. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95 (6): 1105 - 1125. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315415000545", "Jirkov I. A. 2011. Discussion of taxonomic characters and classification of Ampharetidae (Polychaeta). Italian Journal of Zoology 78: 78 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2011.617216", "Johnson H. P. 1901. The Polychaeta of the Puget Sound region. Proceedings of the Boston Society for Natural History 29 (18): 381 - 437.", "Uschakov P. V. 1955. Monogoshchetinkovye chervi dal'nevostochnykh morei S. S. S. R. Opredelitely po faune SSSR, izdavaemie Zoologicheskim Institutom Akademii Nauk SSSR. Moscow & Leningrad. [Polychaeta of the Far Eastern Seas of the USSR. Identification Guides published by Zoological Institute of the Soviet Academy of Science] 56: 1 - 445.", "Reuscher M. G., Fiege D. & Wehe T. 2009. Four new species of Ampharetidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Pacific hot vents and cold seeps, with a key and synoptic table of characters for all genera. Zootaxa 2191 (1): 1 - 40.", "Marion A. F. 1875. Sur les annelides de Marseille. Revue des sciences naturelles, Montpellier 4 (1): 301 - 312. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 14526461 [accessed 22 Jan. 2021].", "Hartman O. 1960. Systematic account of some marine invertebrate animals from the deep basins off southern California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions 22 (2): 69 - 216.", "Verrill A. E. 1873. XVIII. Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. Report on the Condition of the Sea Fisheries of the south Coast of New England 1: 295 - 778. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 11688", "Clark R. B. 1952. New records of sub-littoral polychaetes from the Clyde Sea area, with a description of a new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B, Biological Sciences 65 (1): 1 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0080455 X 00000382", "Ehlers E. 1887. Reports on the results of dredging, under the direction of L. F. Pourtales, during the years 1868 - 1870, and of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico (1877 - 78), and in the Caribbean Sea (1878 - 79), in the U. S. Coast Survey steamer \" Blake \", Lieut-Com. C. D. Sigsbee, U. S. N. and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U. S. N., commanding. XXXI. Report on the Annelids. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 15: vi & 335 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65639 Ehlers E. 1908. Die bodensassigen Anneliden aus den Sammlungen der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. In: Chun, C. (ed) Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer \" Valdivia \" 1898 - 1899 16 (1): 1 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2171", "Holthe T. 2000. Bathyal and abyssal Ampharetidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) (sedentary species II). Galathea Report 18: 57 - 68.", "Grube A. E. 1863. Beschreibung neuer oder wenig bekannter Anneliden. Sechster Beitrag. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 29: 37 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 9306", "Chamberlin R. V. 1919. The Annelida Polychaeta [Albatross Expeditions]. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 48: 1 - 514. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / ia / memoirsofmuseumo 4801 harv / page / 11 / mode / 1 up [accessed 22 Jan. 2021].", "Benham W. B. 1921. Polychaeta. Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911 - 1914, Scientific Reports, Series C - Zoology and Botany 6 (3): 1 - 128. Australasian Antarctic Expedition, Sydney. Available from https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16201 [accessed 22 Jan. 2021]."]}
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author Schiaparelli, Stefano
Jirkov, Igor A.
author_facet Schiaparelli, Stefano
Jirkov, Igor A.
author_sort Schiaparelli, Stefano
title Amage Malmgren 1866
title_short Amage Malmgren 1866
title_full Amage Malmgren 1866
title_fullStr Amage Malmgren 1866
title_full_unstemmed Amage Malmgren 1866
title_sort amage malmgren 1866
publisher Zenodo
publishDate 2021
url https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4531805
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geographic Arctic
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Arctic Ocean
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genre Antarc*
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Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Southern Ocean
genre_facet Antarc*
Antarctic
Antarctica
Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Southern Ocean
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spelling ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.4531805 2023-05-15T13:45:51+02:00 Amage Malmgren 1866 Schiaparelli, Stefano Jirkov, Igor A. 2021 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4531805 https://zenodo.org/record/4531805 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/4529795 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FF917C26F71AFFD0534AF632FFF56A14 http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B63287A9FFD1B743838EFC0AFB41FD11 http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987E8996E4751FD50A20AFA2BFD22 http://treatment.plazi.org/id/20155B09EF19BF50FF17FA14FABBDD19 http://zoobank.org/1AAE62AF-ABD9-4930-B1DE-2C05F66BEC4A https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.733.1227 http://zenodo.org/record/4529795 http://publication.plazi.org/id/FF917C26F71AFFD0534AF632FFF56A14 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529797 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6219208 http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B63287A9FFD1B743838EFC0AFB41FD11 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3793624 http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987E8996E4751FD50A20AFA2BFD22 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6152264 http://treatment.plazi.org/id/20155B09EF19BF50FF17FA14FABBDD19 http://zoobank.org/1AAE62AF-ABD9-4930-B1DE-2C05F66BEC4A https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4531806 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode cc0-1.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC0 Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Annelida Polychaeta Terebellida Ampharetidae Amage article-journal ScholarlyArticle Taxonomic treatment Text 2021 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4531805 https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.733.1227 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529797 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6219208 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3793624 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6152264 https: 2022-04-01T11:14:04Z Genus Amage Malmgren, 1866 Paramage Caullery, 1944: 94, type species Paramage madurensis Caullery, 1944. Egamella Fauchald, 1972: 292, type species Egamella quadribranchiata Fauchald, 1972. Mexamage Fauchald, 1972: 309–310, type species Mexamage corrugata Fauchald, 1972. Type species (by monotypy) and type locality Amage auricula Malmgren, 1866: 371, pl. XXV, fig. 72. Type locality: Bohuslan, Sweden, 183–220 m (“Koster Bahusiae haud rara prof. 100–120 orgyiar. fundo argill”). Diagnosis (amended) PROSTOMIUM. Prostomium trilobed, middle lobe anteriorly incised or with horns, without longitudinal ridges, with couple of nuchal organs at posterior margin of middle lobe. Lower lip not enlarged and longitudinally grooved. THORAX. Dorsal ridges absent. NOTOPODIA. Modified notopodia absent. NEUROPODIA. Neuropodia of two types: all thoracic of tori, all abdominal pinnuli, enlarged neuropodia absent. PALEAE. Paleae usually absent, seldom present, but poorly developed. BRANCHIAE. 3–4 pairs, if four pairs of branchiae are present, these are arranged nearly segmentally with 2 pairs on segment 3 and 1 pair on each S4 and S5 (2+1+1). When branchiae are in three pairs only, it is the S5 lacking these. ABDOMEN. Abdominal rudimental notopodia well developed, but not enlarged. Number of AU 7–21, usually constant for species. Remarks The presence of nuchal organs has been mentioned for Amage by Moore (1923), Hilbig (2000), Schüller & Jirkov (2013) and Reuschert et al . (2015). Hilbig (2000) modified the diagnosis of Amage to include NO. However, none investigated the type species of Amage , i.e., Amage auricula Malmgren, 1866. The types of A. auricula are lost (Holthe 1986), but more than 2000 specimens of this species from about 200 localities from the North Polar Basin (see map in Jirkov 2001: 451), including specimens near the type locality, have been investigated. In all these specimens there are well developed NO, well recognizable in the stained specimen reported in Fig. 1B. Hilbig (2000) and Reuscher et al. (2015) included in generic diagnosis of Amage the presence of smooth buccal tentacles. In the case of the new species herein described, BT are obviously not smooth but, at the same time, this species is beyond any doubt an Amage . Therefore, we consider that the shape of BT cannot be included into the generic diagnosis of Amage . This consideration should also be extended to the definition of other ampharetid genera, as was already suggested by Jirkov (2011). Jirkov (2011) proposed Egamella Fauchald, 1972, Mexamage Fauchald, 1972, Paramage Caullery, 1944 and Phyllampharete Hartman & Fauchald, 1971 as junior synonyms of Amage . Reuscher et al. (2015) accepted synonymy of the first three genera but rejected the synonymy of Phyllampharete . We agree with Reuscher et al. (2015) and hence Phyllampharete is not included in the list of Amage synonyms here either. The taxonomic status of Amage anops perfecta Moore, 1923 is unclear. The author of the species described the status as follows: “This species, at first thought to be distinct under the name A. perfecta , is now regarded as identical with Johnson’s species [ A. anops ] or at most as only a subspecies” (Moore 1923: 210) and a taxon never described as new species. Since then, the type material has not been reexamined. A list of species (23 in total) belonging to the genus Amage as above diagnosed (original names are given; the type species is marked with an asterisk): Amage anops Johnson, 1901: 424–425, pl. 15, figs 157–161, pl. 16, figs 162–163. Amage arieticornuta Moore, 1923: 207–210, pl. XVII, figs 14–18. Amage asiaticus Uschakov, 1955: 378, fig. 140a–d. * Amage auricula Malmgren, 1866: 371, pl. XXV, fig. 72. Amage auricula sibogae Caullery, 1944: 92–94, fig. 76. Amage benhami Reuscher, Fiege & Wehe, 2009: 21–22, fig. 1a–g. Amage ehlersi Reuscher, Fiege & Imajima, 2015: 1107–1108, figs 2a–h, 13b. Amage gallasi Marion, 1875: 308. Amage imajimai Reuscher, 2015: 3–5, fig.1. Amage longibranchiata Hartman, 1960: 153–154, pl. 17. Amage longitorus Reuscher, Fiege & Imajima, 2015: 1108–1109, figs 3a–g, 13c. Amage micropaleata Schüller & Jirkov, 2013: 210–213, figs 3–5. Amage pusilla Verrill, 1873: 319. Amage scotica Clark, 1952: 19–21, fig. 4. Amage sculpta Ehlers, 1908: 141–143, pl. XX, figs 1–9. Amage scutata Moore, 1923: 210–212, pl. XVII, figs 19–24. Amage tumida Ehlers, 1887: 220–225, pl. 48, figs 10–19. Egamella quadribranchiata Fauchald, 1972: 295–296, pl. 60, fig. a. Mexamaqe corrugata Fauchald, 1972: 310–312, pl. 65, figs a–c. Paramage madurensis Caullery, 1944: 94–97, fig. 76. Paramage tasmanensis Holthe, 2000: 63–64, fig. 5. Sabellides adspersa Grube, 1863: 57–58, pl. VI, fig. 2. Sabellides delus Chamberlin, 1919: 455–456, pl. 77, fig. 13. Species removed from the genus Amage as above diagnosed: Amage septemdecima Schüller & Jirkov, 2013 (now transferred to Amythas Benham, 1921, see below). : Published as part of Schiaparelli, Stefano & Jirkov, Igor A., 2021, Contribution to the taxonomic knowledge of Ampharetidae (Annelida) from Antarctica with the description of Amage giacomobovei sp. nov., pp. 125-145 in European Journal of Taxonomy 733 on pages 127-129, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.733.1227, http://zenodo.org/record/4529795 : {"references": ["Malmgren A. J. 1866. Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Koniglich Vetenskapsakademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm 22 (3): 355 - 410. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 32339631 [accessed 22 Jan. 2021].", "Caullery M. 1944. Polychetes sedentaires de l'Expedition du Siboga: Ariciidae, Spionidae, Chaetopteridae, Chlorhaemidae, Opheliidae, Oweniidae, Sabellariidae, Sternaspidae, Amphictenidae, Ampharetidae, Terebellidae. Siboga-Expeditie Uitkomsten op Zo \u02c6 logisch, Botanisch, Oceanographisch en Geologisch gebied verzameld in Nederlandsch Oost-Indie 1899 - 1900 24 (2 bis): 1 - 204. Brill, Leyden.", "Fauchald K. 1972. Benthic polychaetous annelids from deep water off western Mexico and adjacent areas in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology 7: 1 - 575. Available from https: // repository. si. edu / handle / 10088 / 6207 [accessed 22 Jan. 2021].", "Moore J. P. 1923. The polychaetous annelids dredged by the U. S. S. \" Albatross' ' off the coast of southern California in 1904. IV. Spionidae to Sabellariidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 75: 179 - 259. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12425", "Hilbig B. 2000. Family Ampharetidae Malmgren, 1867. In: Blake J. A., Hilbig B. & Scott P. V. (eds) Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel, The Annelida. Part 4. Polychaeta: Fabelligeridae to Sternaspidae 7 (4): 169 - 230. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara.", "Schuller M. & Jirkov I. A. 2013. New Ampharetidae (Polychaeta) from the deep Southern Ocean and shallow Patagonian waters. Zootaxa 3692 (1): 204 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3692.1.11", "Holthe T. 1986. Polychaeta Terebellomorpha. Marine Invertebrates of Scandinavia Vol. 7. Brill.", "Jirkov I. A. 2001. Polychaeta of the Arctic Ocean. Yanus-K, Moscow.", "Reuscher M. G., Fiege D. & Imajima M. 2015. Ampharetidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Japanese waters. Part IV. Miscellaneous genera. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95 (6): 1105 - 1125. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315415000545", "Jirkov I. A. 2011. Discussion of taxonomic characters and classification of Ampharetidae (Polychaeta). Italian Journal of Zoology 78: 78 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2011.617216", "Johnson H. P. 1901. 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