Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton, 1959 Fig. 91c Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton, 1959: 229, text-fig. 15. Material examined . BMNH 1936.3.4.542, holotype, Oman, South Arabian coast, 21.8333°N 59.8667°E, depth 1046 m, coll. John Murray Exped. stat. 54, 3 November 1933. Summary description . Small repe...
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Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464450 https://zenodo.org/record/4464450 |
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record_format |
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institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) |
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topic |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Porifera Demospongiae Poecilosclerida Mycalidae Mycale Mycale topsenti |
spellingShingle |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Porifera Demospongiae Poecilosclerida Mycalidae Mycale Mycale topsenti Van, Rob W. M. Aryasari, Ratih De, Nicole J. Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959 |
topic_facet |
Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Porifera Demospongiae Poecilosclerida Mycalidae Mycale Mycale topsenti |
description |
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton, 1959 Fig. 91c Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton, 1959: 229, text-fig. 15. Material examined . BMNH 1936.3.4.542, holotype, Oman, South Arabian coast, 21.8333°N 59.8667°E, depth 1046 m, coll. John Murray Exped. stat. 54, 3 November 1933. Summary description . Small repent-ramose mass (Fig. 91c), surface bumpy, with several small oscules. Color yellow-brown (alcohol). Consistency softly compressible. Ectosomal skeleton a tangential layer of megascleres, carried by ascending choanosomal megasclere tracts forming brushes near the surface. Spicules: mycalostyles 900 x 18 µm, anisochelae I 88 µm, anisochelae II 40 µm, anisochelae III 20 µm, sigma I 60–80 µm, trichodragmas 60 µm. Distribution . Oman, deep water. Comment . We re-examined Burton’s holotype and found his description accurate. Compared to the closely related Mycale (Mycale) sundaminorensis sp.nov. (reported by Burton as Mycale (Mycale) massa var. oceanica from the same station), the shape of the specimen (cf. Fig. 91c) is more spreaded, less compact, the mycalostyles occur in a single category and with more distinct heads, and there is only a single category of sigmas, clearly larger than those of M. (M.) sundaminorensis sp.nov. (see also above). Key to the Indo-West Pacific species of Mycale (Mycale) Remark . The present key is state of the art, but suffers from several species not well known. Not all species treated below are certain members of Mycale (Mycale) , and possibly some species may turn out to be synonyms. 1 Megascleres are variously shaped styles, subtylostyles and strongyles..................... Mycale (Mycale?) multisclera - Megascleres exclusively stylote.......................................................................... 2 2 Megascleres in two distinct size categories................................ Mycale (Mycale) sundaminorensis sp.nov. - No megasclere categories............................................................................... 3 3 Largest anisochelae> 100 µm........................................................................... 4 - Largest anisochelae ± 100 µm........................................................................... 6 4 Largest anisochelae> 200 µm..................................................... Mycale (Mycale) anisochela - Largest anisochelae <200 µm........................................................................... 5 5 Live color white.......................................................... Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis ‘white’ - Live color shades of red and orange................................................ Mycale (Mycale) grandis ‘red’ 6 Toxas present...................................................... Mycale (Mycale) ernsthentscheli comb.nov. - No toxas............................................................................................ 7 7 Sigmas absent........................................................................................ 8 - Sigmas present...................................................................................... 10 8 Trichodragmas present................................................................................. 9 - No trichodragmas................................................................ Mycale (Mycale) incurvata 9 Anisochelae III present, three categories of trichodragmas.......................... Mycale (Mycale) asigmata sp.nov. - Anisochelae III absent, a single category of trichodragmas.............................. Mycale (Mycale) myriasclera 10 Raphides> 140 m present, but no trichodragmas......................................... Mycale (Mycale) digitata - Trichodragmas present, but no single raphides of> 140 µm................................................... 11 11 Longest mycalostyles <350 µm................................................... Mycale (Mycale) meridionalis - Longest mycalostyles> 400 µm......................................................................... 12 12 No anisochelae III, no sigmas II..................................................... Mycale (Mycale) gelatinosa - Both anisochelae III and sigmas II present................................................................. 13 13 Distinct circular rosettes present........................................................................ 14 - Rosettes absent; groupings of anisochelae may be present but these are not circular............................... 15 14 Anisochelae I strongly curved, with short alae............................................ Mycale (Mycale) dendyi - Anisochelae I ‘normal’ shaped............................................... Mycale (Mycale) grandoides sp.nov. 15 Mycalostyles up to at least 900 µm.................................................... Mycale (Mycale) topsenti - Mycalostyles less than 700 µm.................................................... Mycale (Mycale) crassissima Global diversity and distribution of the subgenus Mycale (Mycale) We queried the World Porifera Database (Van Soest et al . 2020) and added the above results from our Indo-West Pacific Mycale (Mycale) study to arrive at the current tentative estimate of known accepted species, which numbers 63. Their distribution over the world oceans summarized as the numbers of species found in Marine Ecoregions of the World (cf. Spalding et al. 2007) is presented in Fig. 92. The subgenus is widespread, with polar-, temperate- and warm water species. The highest species densities occur in Indonesia, the Western Indian Ocean and some Antarctic regions. This is likely a combined effect of collecting efforts and the non-monophyletic nature of the subgenus. Also, many cold water species are not well known. More revisions of species groups are necessary to arrive at meaningful distribution patterns. : Published as part of Van, Rob W. M., Aryasari, Ratih & De, Nicole J., 2021, Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida), pp. 1-212 in Zootaxa 4912 (1) on pages 144-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4912.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4450930 : {"references": ["Burton, M. (1959) Sponges. Scientific Reports John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34, British Museum (Natural History), London, 10 (5), 151 - 281.", "Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. Challenger. Part I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 18, 325 - 351 + 470 - 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459998", "Spalding, M. D, Fox, H. E., Allen, G. E., Davidson, N., Ferdana, Z. A., Finlayson, M., Halperin, B. S., Jorge, M. A., Lombana, A., Lourie, S. A., Martin, K. D., McManus, E., Molnar, J., Recchia, C. A. & Robertson, J. (2007) Marine ecoregions of the world: A bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. BioScience, 57 (7), 573 - 583. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / B 570707"]} |
format |
Text |
author |
Van, Rob W. M. Aryasari, Ratih De, Nicole J. |
author_facet |
Van, Rob W. M. Aryasari, Ratih De, Nicole J. |
author_sort |
Van, Rob W. M. |
title |
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959 |
title_short |
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959 |
title_full |
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959 |
title_fullStr |
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959 |
title_sort |
mycale (mycale) topsenti burton 1959 |
publisher |
Zenodo |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464450 https://zenodo.org/record/4464450 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-44.766,-44.766,-60.766,-60.766) ENVELOPE(166.733,166.733,-72.550,-72.550) ENVELOPE(-66.982,-66.982,-66.177,-66.177) ENVELOPE(-58.017,-58.017,-61.850,-61.850) |
geographic |
Antarctic Pacific Indian Davidson Burton Molnar Ridley |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Pacific Indian Davidson Burton Molnar Ridley |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
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Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464450 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4912.1.1 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451153 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451157 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464451 |
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ftdatacite:10.5281/zenodo.4464450 2023-05-15T13:39:31+02:00 Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton 1959 Van, Rob W. M. Aryasari, Ratih De, Nicole J. 2021 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464450 https://zenodo.org/record/4464450 unknown Zenodo http://zenodo.org/record/4450930 http://publication.plazi.org/id/CA29FFDFFFC5FFA0553CFFA5506ACD15 http://zoobank.org/9536C1CF-4AEF-47F8-959B-48CD7A5392D8 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit https://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4912.1.1 http://zenodo.org/record/4450930 http://publication.plazi.org/id/CA29FFDFFFC5FFA0553CFFA5506ACD15 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451153 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451157 http://zoobank.org/9536C1CF-4AEF-47F8-959B-48CD7A5392D8 https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464451 https://zenodo.org/communities/biosyslit Open Access info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Porifera Demospongiae Poecilosclerida Mycalidae Mycale Mycale topsenti Text Taxonomic treatment article-journal ScholarlyArticle 2021 ftdatacite https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464450 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4912.1.1 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451153 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451157 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464451 2021-11-05T12:55:41Z Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton, 1959 Fig. 91c Mycale (Mycale) topsenti Burton, 1959: 229, text-fig. 15. Material examined . BMNH 1936.3.4.542, holotype, Oman, South Arabian coast, 21.8333°N 59.8667°E, depth 1046 m, coll. John Murray Exped. stat. 54, 3 November 1933. Summary description . Small repent-ramose mass (Fig. 91c), surface bumpy, with several small oscules. Color yellow-brown (alcohol). Consistency softly compressible. Ectosomal skeleton a tangential layer of megascleres, carried by ascending choanosomal megasclere tracts forming brushes near the surface. Spicules: mycalostyles 900 x 18 µm, anisochelae I 88 µm, anisochelae II 40 µm, anisochelae III 20 µm, sigma I 60–80 µm, trichodragmas 60 µm. Distribution . Oman, deep water. Comment . We re-examined Burton’s holotype and found his description accurate. Compared to the closely related Mycale (Mycale) sundaminorensis sp.nov. (reported by Burton as Mycale (Mycale) massa var. oceanica from the same station), the shape of the specimen (cf. Fig. 91c) is more spreaded, less compact, the mycalostyles occur in a single category and with more distinct heads, and there is only a single category of sigmas, clearly larger than those of M. (M.) sundaminorensis sp.nov. (see also above). Key to the Indo-West Pacific species of Mycale (Mycale) Remark . The present key is state of the art, but suffers from several species not well known. Not all species treated below are certain members of Mycale (Mycale) , and possibly some species may turn out to be synonyms. 1 Megascleres are variously shaped styles, subtylostyles and strongyles..................... Mycale (Mycale?) multisclera - Megascleres exclusively stylote.......................................................................... 2 2 Megascleres in two distinct size categories................................ Mycale (Mycale) sundaminorensis sp.nov. - No megasclere categories............................................................................... 3 3 Largest anisochelae> 100 µm........................................................................... 4 - Largest anisochelae ± 100 µm........................................................................... 6 4 Largest anisochelae> 200 µm..................................................... Mycale (Mycale) anisochela - Largest anisochelae <200 µm........................................................................... 5 5 Live color white.......................................................... Mycale (Mycale) aff. grandis ‘white’ - Live color shades of red and orange................................................ Mycale (Mycale) grandis ‘red’ 6 Toxas present...................................................... Mycale (Mycale) ernsthentscheli comb.nov. - No toxas............................................................................................ 7 7 Sigmas absent........................................................................................ 8 - Sigmas present...................................................................................... 10 8 Trichodragmas present................................................................................. 9 - No trichodragmas................................................................ Mycale (Mycale) incurvata 9 Anisochelae III present, three categories of trichodragmas.......................... Mycale (Mycale) asigmata sp.nov. - Anisochelae III absent, a single category of trichodragmas.............................. Mycale (Mycale) myriasclera 10 Raphides> 140 m present, but no trichodragmas......................................... Mycale (Mycale) digitata - Trichodragmas present, but no single raphides of> 140 µm................................................... 11 11 Longest mycalostyles <350 µm................................................... Mycale (Mycale) meridionalis - Longest mycalostyles> 400 µm......................................................................... 12 12 No anisochelae III, no sigmas II..................................................... Mycale (Mycale) gelatinosa - Both anisochelae III and sigmas II present................................................................. 13 13 Distinct circular rosettes present........................................................................ 14 - Rosettes absent; groupings of anisochelae may be present but these are not circular............................... 15 14 Anisochelae I strongly curved, with short alae............................................ Mycale (Mycale) dendyi - Anisochelae I ‘normal’ shaped............................................... Mycale (Mycale) grandoides sp.nov. 15 Mycalostyles up to at least 900 µm.................................................... Mycale (Mycale) topsenti - Mycalostyles less than 700 µm.................................................... Mycale (Mycale) crassissima Global diversity and distribution of the subgenus Mycale (Mycale) We queried the World Porifera Database (Van Soest et al . 2020) and added the above results from our Indo-West Pacific Mycale (Mycale) study to arrive at the current tentative estimate of known accepted species, which numbers 63. Their distribution over the world oceans summarized as the numbers of species found in Marine Ecoregions of the World (cf. Spalding et al. 2007) is presented in Fig. 92. The subgenus is widespread, with polar-, temperate- and warm water species. The highest species densities occur in Indonesia, the Western Indian Ocean and some Antarctic regions. This is likely a combined effect of collecting efforts and the non-monophyletic nature of the subgenus. Also, many cold water species are not well known. More revisions of species groups are necessary to arrive at meaningful distribution patterns. : Published as part of Van, Rob W. M., Aryasari, Ratih & De, Nicole J., 2021, Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida), pp. 1-212 in Zootaxa 4912 (1) on pages 144-146, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4912.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4450930 : {"references": ["Burton, M. (1959) Sponges. Scientific Reports John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34, British Museum (Natural History), London, 10 (5), 151 - 281.", "Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. Challenger. Part I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 18, 325 - 351 + 470 - 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459998", "Spalding, M. D, Fox, H. E., Allen, G. E., Davidson, N., Ferdana, Z. A., Finlayson, M., Halperin, B. S., Jorge, M. A., Lombana, A., Lourie, S. A., Martin, K. D., McManus, E., Molnar, J., Recchia, C. A. & Robertson, J. (2007) Marine ecoregions of the world: A bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. BioScience, 57 (7), 573 - 583. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / B 570707"]} Text Antarc* Antarctic DataCite Metadata Store (German National Library of Science and Technology) Antarctic Pacific Indian Davidson ENVELOPE(-44.766,-44.766,-60.766,-60.766) Burton ENVELOPE(166.733,166.733,-72.550,-72.550) Molnar ENVELOPE(-66.982,-66.982,-66.177,-66.177) Ridley ENVELOPE(-58.017,-58.017,-61.850,-61.850) |